Electronic

Induction

Report by Christina Jean Lui

Introduction
Electromagnetic or magnetic induction is the production of an
electromotive force (i.e., voltage) across an electrical conductor in a
changing magnetic field.
Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of
induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically
described it as Faraday's law of induction. Lenz's law describes the
direction of the induced field. Faraday's law was later generalized to
become the Maxwell–Faraday equation, one of the four Maxwell
equations in his theory of electromagnetism.
Electromagnetic induction has found many applications, including
electrical components such as inductors and transformers, and
devices such as electric motors and generators.
Overview
Faraday's experiment showing
induction between coils of wire: The
liquid battery (right) provides a current
that flows through the small coil (A),
creating a magnetic field. When the
coils are stationary, no current is
induced. But when the small coil is
moved in or out of the large coil (B), the
magnetic flux through the large coil
changes, inducing a current which is
detected by the galvanometer (G).[1]
 Faraday and Maxwell
Faraday's law of induction (briefly, Faraday's law) is a basic law of
electromagnetism predicting how a magnetic field will interact with an electric
circuit to produce an electromotive force (EMF)—a phenomenon called
electromagnetic induction. It is the fundamental operating principle of
transformers, inductors, and many types of electrical motors, generators and
solenoids.[1][2]

The Maxwell–Faraday equation (listed as one of Maxwell's equations)

describes the fact that a spatially varying (and also possibly time-varying,
depending on how a magnetic field varies in time) electric field always
accompanies a time-varying magnetic field, while Faraday's law states that
there is EMF (electromotive force, defined as electromagnetic work done
on a unit charge when it has traveled one round of a conductive loop) on
the conductive loop when the magnetic flux through the surface enclosed
by the loop varies in time.
Faraday's law had been discovered and one aspect of it (transformer EMF)
was formulated as the Maxwell–Faraday equation later. The equation of
Faraday's law can be derived by the Maxwell–Faraday equation
(describing transformer EMF) and the Lorentz force (describing motional
EMF). The integral form of the Maxwell–Faraday equation describes only
the transformer EMF, while the equation of Faraday's law describes both
the transformer EMF and the motional EMF.
Michael Faraday FRS (/ˈfærədeɪ, -di/; 22
September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an
English scientist who contributed to the study of
electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His
main discoveries include the principles
underlying electromagnetic induction,
diamagnetism and electrolysis.

James Clerk Maxwell FRS FRSE (13 June 1831 – 5

November 1879) was a Scottish scientist in the field of
mathematical physics. His most notable achievement was to
formulate the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation,
bringing together for the first time electricity, magnetism, and
light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon.
Maxwell's equations for electromagnetism have been called the
"second great unification in physics" after the first one realised
by Isaac Newton.