GROUP 9 V ince De Guzman

STEM1801
Shairamae Banug
Jamella Joi Balondo
Jazr ine Dyllah Flores
Marc V incent Pestrana
 Meet Joe
NSNU
 He has struggles in
understanding Chemistry
NSNU
 During class hours, he
finds it difficult in
understanding Chemistry
Ionic Bonding
lessons such as Ionic and Quiz on Monday!!
Covalent Bonding.
Until he met Group 9
Vince Shaira Jamella Jazrine Marc
 GROUP 9
V ince De Guzman

Shairamae Banug
Jamella Joi Balondo
Jazr ine Dyllah Flores

Marc Pestrana
 f Can you help me
understand Ionic and
Covalent Bonding?
Sure! Valence Electron
LEDs
Bonding
Molecular Shape

Uses of the Compound

 Let’s start!
Let’s talk about the
valence electron of
Calcium Chloride and
Glucose.
Valence Electron
• Valence Electron
 Valence electrons are those
electrons that reside in the
outermost shell surrounding an
atomic nucleus.
• For example:
Valence electrons of Calcium and
Chlorine

We can get the valence electron of

Calcium with the use of Periodic Table
and Electronic Configuration.
 Valence Electron
1A 8A
2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
 We can easily determine the
Oh, how about in valence electron of an element
chlorine? based on their group number. The
element calcium is located at
group number 2A so it has 2
valence electrons
 Valence Electron
1A
2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
 Oh, There’s an easy We can easily determine the
way on how to valence electron of an element
determine the valence based on their group number. The
electron of an element. element chlorine is located at
Amazing! group number 7A so it has 7
valence electrons
 Now, let us move on
determining the valence
Valence Electron electron of calcium and
chlorine using electron
configuration
• Electronic configuration, also called
electronic structure, the arrangement
of electrons in energy levels around an
atomic nucleus.
 Valence Electron
2A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A

1𝑠 2 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 4𝑠 2
Wow, It’s easier
than I think!
The last superscript of the
electron configuration of an
element also serves as to
identify the element’s group
number and its valence
electron.
 Valence Electron
1A 8A
2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
 I will try both
techniques to identify
the valence electron
of an element. In this case, the last subscript
will be added because the last
two bases have the same
number. So, we can say that
chlorine has 7 valence
electron.
Okay, maybe I can try to
determine what their Let’s do it again, let’s find out
valence electrons are. the valence electron of glucose
I’m excited!! with Hydrogen, Carbon, and
Oxygen.
Let’s do it again, let’s 1A
The
find For
outvalence
Carbon,
the electron
valenceit is 8A
Next, Oxygen is
of
located
electron hydrogen
in group
of glucoseis 1
located in group 6 so 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
because
number
with it
4 is
solocated
Hydrogen, it has a
that means it has a
valence
in group
Carbon, andelectron
number
Oxygen. of
1. 4
valence electron of 6.

1𝑠1 1𝑠 2 2𝑠 2 2𝑝2 1𝑠 2 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6

 Thank you, Sir Vince. I Very good Joe! I hope you had
learned a lot! Thank you a lot of fun learning chemistry
for being my great tutor. with me. I hope you will apply
all of these.
 But first, let us know
what electronic dot
Hello Ms. Shaira! Okay structure is and how it
let’s us proceed so I can works.
learn new things about
this topic.
Hi Joe! I’m Shaira, I will be
teaching you about the Lewis
Dot Structure. We can apply the
things you’ve learned earlier
with Vince which is about
knowing the valence electron of
elements.
 Let us first determine
Electronic Dot the Lewis Dot Structure
of elements Calcium
Structure and Chlorine.

• Lewis Dot structures are diagrams

that show the bonding between
atoms of a molecule and the lone
pairs of electros that may exist in the
molecule.
 Chlorine
As you can
Calcium
Let’s has
see
hasthe
proceed a
onvalence
2 valence
valence
how to
electron
electron
electron
draw the soofwe
of
Lewis7, dot
an so we
element
put put 7on
2 dots
structure
servesdots
for on many
how it.it.
Calcium, That’s
dotshow
will
Chlorine,
youelectronic dot structure
use in electronic
Hydrogen, Carbon, dot
and
structure. For works.
example, here
Oxygen.
in calcium and chlorine

Ca

Cl
 Hydrogen
WeNext
do one,same
the hasthing,
Carbon 1 has Let’s try another example ,
valence
4 haselectron
valence
oxygen 6electron
valencesoso let’s try other elements like
that
thatmeans
electron so thatwe
means we have
haveto
means to
we Hydrogen, Carbon and
put
have toput 1 dot
put4 6dot on it
on on
dots it it
Oxygen. So you try Roberzyl

H C O

Thank you, Ms. Shaira. I had so much fun
too and learned so many things that I
need to be able go to the next step.
Thank you for your time and effort!
You’re so amazing! You did so
well! I hope all of these will help
you. Thank you for listening and I
had so much fun learning with
you. Thank you so much!

Hi Ms. Jam, what do we do next
after knowing the Valence
electron and Electronic Dot
Structure?
I’ll help you in chemical
bonding which is the Ionic and
Covalent Bonding. We can use
all of your knowledge in
bonding process.
 First, let us try some
examples of Ionic
Chemical Bonding bonding. Let’s say
Calcium Chloride.
• A chemical bond is lasting attraction
between atoms, ions or molecules
that enables the formation of
chemical compound.
• It has two types which is the ionic
and covalent bonding.
• Ionic bond is formed between a
metal and a non-metal, while
covalent bonding is form between
two non-metallic atoms which is
characterized by the sharing of pairs
if electrons between atoms and other
covalent bonds.
 When
At Metal
the
weend
Here’s
positively
loses
come its
lose
have
one
electron
ofwe
charged
upisvalence
with
athis
metal
have
to become
bonding,
and
Calcium
cation,
an electrons.
ionic
athe
whereas
compound.
more we
non-metal
Calcium
Chloride.
the non-
Each chlorine
Inhas
this,
Calcium Chloride
Calcium in group 2A that means it 2
metal
valence
accpets
nowtransfer
haselectron
8 valence
negatively
is inoctet
bonding
groupform.
those
of electrons
charged
7A.Meaning,
So by
that
electrons
andelectronshappen
a metal,
anion.
transferring
means metals
to
and
while
They
become
during
isChlorine
now in
both
transfer
It has 7those
valence
CaCl2
achieve
valence a more
electrons
electrons stable electronic
electron andinitionic
isthe bonding.
chlorine
a non-metal. has
configuration through
achieved this exchange.
an octet.

-
+1
+2
-
x
Cl Ca Cl x

𝑪𝒂 +𝟐 [𝟐𝑪𝒍]−
 Let’s proceed on the next
Glucose
type of bonding which is the
covalent bonding.
𝑪𝟔 𝑯𝟏𝟐 𝑶𝟔
 Glucose
How many covalent bonds are in glucose?
four covalent bonds?
The atoms in this cyclic molecule then arrange
themselves in space to minimize the amount
of strain on each of the covalent bonds. The
𝑪𝟔 𝑯𝟏𝟐 𝑶𝟔
carbon atoms in the glucose ring each have
four covalent bonds.
 I hope you learned a lot, I
Thank you Ms. Jam, I learned a had so much fun teaching
lot and I had fun learning with you and I hope you apply all
you of these.
z
 I might help
Now that I’ve learned about the
you on that,
bonding process, I am curious on
Joe!
the formation or shapes the
compounds produce.

Now that I’ve learned about the
bonding process, I am curious on
the formation or shapes the
compounds produce.
Let us first identify the
various types of
molecular shapes of
compounds.
 I might help
you on that,
Now that I’ve learned about the Joe!
bonding process, I am curious on
the formation or shapes the
compounds produce.
 Hi there
Are Ms.Jaz, now thatuses
significant I have
for Yes
Surethere
thing
areJoe,
various
what important
is that?
learned
these various
ionic andconcepts
covalenton in the field of food production
ionic and covalent boding. I
compounds? and industrial purposes.
have some questions.
 Ohhhh, I don’tnow
know that what I Oh yes Joe! First thing when
Hi Ms.Jaz, that I have you wake up in the morning,
intake or drink
learned hasconcepts
various a compound
on
that ionic
cameand
through a lot of chemical did you know that coffee
covalent boding. I you drink contains covalent
bonding process. Now I know.
have some questions. compounds, which is
glucose!
 Let’s say for example calcium
chloride.
It doesn’tDid
endyou know
here Joe,that the
there
building blocks of infrastructure
Uses of the compound
are also various uses for these
which iscompounds.
cement is made from Calcium Chloride Glucose
this ionic compound • Sports drink • Table Sugar
Ohhh, I never • Found in Acetylene • Use as preservative
thought of that
• Food additive • Helps people with
but it’s amazing!
• Cement Making low blood sugar
• Prolonging Shelf life • Source of Insulin
 It is such a pleasure to meet all of you in
Group 9! Even though it was a long way to
go on, it still pondered all the concepts in
my mind, I also had fun learning
chemistry with all of you, I hope to see you
again soon!
References
Boundless. (n.d.). Boundless Chemistry. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/lewis-dot-
symbols-and-lewis-structures/
Calcium chloride Formula - Calcium chloride Uses, Properties, Structure and Formula. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://www.softschools.com/formulas/chemistry/calcium_chloride_uses_properties_structure_formula/296/
Covalent Bonds vs Ionic Bonds. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.diffen.com/difference/Covalent_Bonds_vs_Ionic_Bonds
Deziel, C. (2019, March 18). Common Uses of Calcium Chloride. Retrieved from https://www.hunker.com/12203530/common-
uses-of-calcium-chloride
Food Processing. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.oxycalciumchloride.com/applications/food-processing
Helmenstine, A. M. (2019, September 13). What Is a Lewis Structure? Definition and Example. Retrieved from
https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-lewis-structure-605306
Libretexts. (2019, June 5). Ionic and Covalent Bonds. Retrieved from
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Fun
damentals/Ionic_and_Covalent_Bonds
Libretexts. (2019, June 5). Covalent Bonds. Retrieved from
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_
Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Chemical_Bonding/Fundamentals_of_Chemical_Bonding/Coval
ent_Bonds
Molecular Geometry: Definition& Examples. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/molecular-geometry-definition-
examples.html
Nordqvist, C. (2019, March 26). Healthy blood glucose levels: Targets, extremes, and lifestyle tips. Retrieved from
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/249413.php
Peshin, A. (2019, August 19). How To Find The Number Of Valence Electrons? Retrieved from https://www.scienceabc.com/pure-
sciences/how-to-find-the-number-of-valence-electrons-in-an-element.html