ATTITUDES: NATURE

AND TYPES
Name Roll No. PRN
Ajay Pandey D-10 19020441020
Akshat Shukla D-11 19020441024
Bindu Nain D-20 19020441067
Jyoti Singh D-38 19020441115
Kapil Sharma D-39 19020441117
 ATTITUDE
• “Attitudes are an overall evaluation that allows one to
respond in a consistently favorable or unfavorable manner
with respect to a given object or alternative”. - Engel

• Linked with liking and disliking something

• Inner expression or feelings that reflect whether a person is

favorably or unfavorably inclined

• It is not directly observable and hence have to be inferred.

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 CHARACTERISTICS OF ATTITUDE
• Attitudes can be held about an object, person, issue.

• Attitude towards something maybe strong or weak.

• Attitudes are learned.

• Attitudes are dynamic and can change.

• Some attitudes are more fundamental than other and

more resistant to change.

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 COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDE
• An attitude is formed from a combination of mental
processes and expressed by actions. There are
three major components

• Cognitive component: Opinion or believe segment.

• Affective component: Emotional or feeling segment

• Behavioral component: An intention to behave in a

certain way toward someone or something.
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 TYPES OF ATTITUDE
(GENERAL ATTITUDES)
• Positive attitude: Keeping a positive mindset and
thinking about the greater good, no matter
whatever the circumstances are. E.g. Confidence,
Happiness, Sincerity, Determination.

• Negative Attitude: Having a pessimistic mindset,

find the situation to be always unfavorable. E.g.
Anger, Doubt, Frustration.

• Neutral Attitude : Mindset is neutral. There is neither

4 doubt nor any kind of hope.

 TYPES OF ATTITUDE
(ORGANIZATIONAL ATTITUDES)
• Job Satisfaction: A positive feeling about one's job
resulting from evaluation of its characteristics.

• Job Involvement: The degree to which a person

identifies with a job, actively participates in it and
considers performance important to self worth.

• Organizational commitment: The degree to which

an employee identifies with an organization and its
goals and wishes to remain a member.
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 FUNCTIONS OF ATTITUDE
• Utilitarian or instrumental: These are formed because of the
activation of certain needs or cues .

• Ego defensive: These attitudes may be formed by the

individual to protect himself or herself from internal or
external threats or frustrations.

• Value orientation: The value-orientation function considers

those attitudes which express the person’s value.

• Knowledge: The knowledge functions helps the individual

to organize and form a meaningful structure to evaluate
the various aspects of his life.
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 Factors affecting Attitude
• Unforeseen circumstances or
events

• Time Gap.

• Extent of stability.

• Situational factors.

• Strength of attitudes.

• Conflict of attitudes.
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