MARXISM

PRESENTED BY

Jan Louise Macaraeg

Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March
1883) was a German philosopher,
political economist and socialist
revolutionary who addressed the
matters of alienation and exploitation
of the working class, the capitalist
mode of production and historical
materialism. He is famous for analysing
history in terms of class struggle,
summarised in the initial line
introducing The Communist Manifesto
(1848): "The history of all hitherto
existing society is the history of class
struggles".
Friedrich Engels (28 November 1820 – 5 August
1895) was a German political philosopher who
together with Marx co-developed communist
theory. Marx and Engels first met in September
1844. Discovering that they had similar views of
philosophy and socialism, they collaborated and
wrote works such as Die heilige Familie (The Holy
Family). After Marx was deported from France in
January 1845, they moved to Belgium, which
then permitted greater freedom of expression
than other European countries. In January 1846,
they returned to Brussels to establish the
Communist Correspondence Committee.
 Marxism is a method of
socioeconomic analysis that views
• ABOUT class relations and social conflict
using a materialist interpretation
of historical development and
takes a dialectical view of social
transformation. It originates from
the works of 19th century German
philosophers Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels.
 ETYMOLOGY
The term "Marxism" was popularized by Karl Kautsky, who considered
himself an "orthodox" Marxist during the dispute between the orthodox
and revisionist followers of Marx.[7] Kautsky's revisionist rival Eduard
Bernstein also later adopted use of the term.[7] Engels did not support the
use of the term "Marxism" to describe either Marx's or his views.[8] Engels
claimed that the term was being abusively used as a rhetorical qualifier by
those attempting to cast themselves as "real" followers of Marx while
casting others in different terms, such as "Lassallians".[8] In 1882, Engels
claimed that Marx had criticized self-proclaimed "Marxist" Paul Lafargue,
by saying that if Lafargue's views were considered "Marxist", then "one
thing is certain and that is that I am not a Marxist".[8]
 Many different types of Socialism and
Communism developed from Marxist
thought, but several forms of Marxism itself
can also be identified:

Western Marxism: A Libertarian Marxism:

Classical Marxism: Marxism-Leninism: term used to A school of Marxism
The initial theory as The Communist describe a wide that describes itself
conceived by Marx ideological stream, variety of Marxist as taking a less
and Engels loosely modeled on theories based in authoritarian view of
Marxist theory Western and Central Marxist theory
Europe
 Structural Marxism: An Cultural Marxism: Another
approach to Marxism based 20th Century form of
on the Structuralism of the Marxism which adds an
French theorist Louis analysis of the role of the
Althusser (1918 - 1990) media, art, theatre, film and
other cultural institutions

Neo-Marxism: A 20th Analytical Marxism: A style

Century New Left school of
Marxism that hearkens back
to the early writings of Marx
(before the influence of
Engels)
of thinking about Marxism
that was prominent
amongst English-speaking
philosophers and social
scientists during the 1980s
TITLE Marxist Humanism: A
branch of Marxism that
Post-Marxism: The Marxist Feminism: A
primarily focuses on Marx's
theoretical work of branch of Feminist theory
earlier writings, (especially
philosophers and social which focuses on the
the "Economic and
theorists who have built dismantling of Capitalism
Philosophical Manuscripts"
their theories upon as a way to liberate
of 1844 in which he
Classical Marxism women.
develops his theory of
alienation)
Society does not consist of individuals, but
expresses the sum of interrelations, the
relations within which these individuals
stand.

— Karl Marx, Grundrisse, 1858[14]

THE END

Brought to you by
Jan Louise Macaraeg