BADMINTON

HISTORY

• The game of badminton originated in Siam, China over

2,000 years ago. It was brought to England in 1870 and
was played somewhat like tennis. After being played in
Canada, badminton arrived in America and has been
popular since 1929. Since 1992, badminton has been an
Olympic sport, with bird speeds reaching 100 m.p.h.
 NATURE OF THE GAME

• Badminton is played as a singles or doubles game with one or two

players on a side. The object of the game is to hit the shuttlecock or
“bird” back and forth with a racket across a net five feet high at its
center. The bird should be hit with such speed and accuracy that the
opponent is unable to return the shot successfully. The game can
either be fast or slow paced, depending on the skill level of the players.
•
 SAFETY/ETIQUETTE
• 1. Keep a firm grip on the racket.
• 2. Be careful not to hit your partner with the racket.
• 3. Stay in your own court to avoid the possibility of collision with other players.
• 4. Stop play if other players enter your court.
• 5. Wait until there is a stop in the action to retrieve a bird from another court.
• 6. Be aware of the walls and the net posts.
• 7. Before play, agree on the boundaries and determine the first server.
• 8. Players call their own lines; replay the point if in doubt.
• 9. Shake hands after the game/match.
 FACILITIES/EQUIPMENT
• 1. Rackets are fragile. Avoid striking the floor, wall, net, posts, or your partner.
Also avoid flipping, throwing, or twirling rackets.
• 2. Shuttlecocks should be handled by the tips only. Birds caught in the net should
be removed carefully.
• 3. Each student is responsible for reporting any damaged rackets to the
instructor.
• 4. Rackets are returned to the proper slot and birds to the basket at the end of
each period.
 GAME RULES/SCORING
• Players 3. The side winning a rally adds a point to their score.
1. Singles – one player on a side. 4. At 20 all, the side that gains a 2 point lead first, wins
that game.
2. Doubles – two players on a side.
3. Mixed Doubles – one male and one female partner 5. At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point wins that
opposing a male and female opponent. game.

• Scoring 6. In the third game of singles and doubles, players

change sides when a side scores 11 points.
1. Rally scoring allows for a point to be won by either
7. A match is won by winning two out of three games.
team regardless of which team is serving.
2. Both singles and doubles games are won with 21
points.
GENERAL RULES/REGULATIONS
1. SERVING:
• The server must keep both feet in contact with the floor at the time of the serve.
• The bird must be contacted below the waist
• The racket head must be below the server’s wrist.
• The server should not serve until the receiver is ready; the opponent is deemed ready if a
return is attempted.
• Partners of the server and receiver may stand anywhere on the court providing they do not
obstruct the opponent’s view.
• A bird that touches the net on the serve and goes into the proper service court is legal.
• If the server misses the bird on the serve attempt, it still counts. In singles and doubles the
serve would go to the opponent.
GENERAL RULES/REGULATIONS
2. Serving Order – Singles
• At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is
even, the serve will begin from the right service court. When the
server’s score is odd, the serve will be from the left service court.
• If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and will then serve
again from the alternate service court.
• If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes
the new server. They serve from the appropriate service court – left
if the score is odd and right if it is even.
GENERAL RULES/REGULATIONS
3. Serving Order - Doubles
• A team will only have one player serve, per “service”.
• At the beginning of the game and when the score is even (0,2,4,6, etc.) the server serves
from the right service court. When it is odd (1,3,5,7, etc.) the server serves from the left
service court.
• If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves
again from the alternate service court.
• If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side
becomes the new serving side.
• The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their
side is serving.
GENERAL RULES/REGULATIONS

4. The winners of the first game serve first in the next game.
5. Birds falling on the lines are considered good
6. During a rally, a bird that touches the net and goes over is in play.
 GENERAL RULES/REGULATIONS
A fault (violation of rules) occurs if:
• On the service, any part of the racket head is higher than the server’s wrist and contact is
made above the waist.
• The service fails to cross the net or go into the proper service court.
• The feet of the server and receiver are not in the proper courts at time of service.
• The server hesitates or stops (feint/balk) the service motion or misses the bird.
• The improper receiver returns the bird on the serve.
A fault (violation of rules) occurs if:
• A bird hit into the net, under the net, against the wall or ceiling is out-of-bounds.
• A player hits the bird before it crosses the net.
• The bird touches a player or clothing.
• The player touches the net while the bird is in play.
• The bird is hit twice in succession by one/both partners.
• The bird is held, caught, or carried on the racket when struck.
• A player obstructs an opponent.
GENERAL RULES/REGULATIONS

Let (a play allowed to be replayed)

• The bird becomes caught in or on the net after passing over the net.
• The bird hits the basketball supports or net.
• The following situations occur before the next serve and if the
offending side wins the rally:
1. The correct server serves from the wrong court.
2. The wrong server serves from either the correct/incorrect service court.
3. The correct receiver receives in the wrong court.
BASIC SKILLS
A. Grip

1. Forehand – with the racket head perpendicular to the floor, shake

hands with the grip so the “V” formed by the thumb and forefinger is
on the top of the handle.
2. Backhand – using a forehand grip, rotate the hand slightly so the
thumb is along and parallel to the wide side of the handle.
BASIC SKILLS
B. Footwork

1. Move toward the shot with short steps and end with a long
stride.
2. In the ready position the racket is held high, the knees are slightly
bent, and the body weight is on the balls of the feet.
BASIC SKILLS
C. Strokes
By using the same motion for all shots, the opponent is unable to detect what
shot you are going to make until the bird is actually hit. A good wrist action
allows more power and control with much less effort. A forehand stroke is
one from the dominant side; the backhand stroke is from the non-dominant
side. The racket is swung back, the arm is bent with the elbow up, the wrist is
cocked, and the body weight is placed on the back foot. From this position,
the stroke is made by throwing the hand at the point of contact between bird
and racket with weight being transferred to the forward foot. If possible, shots
should be made with an overhand stroke.
BASIC SKILLS
C. Strokes
1. Clear – a shot used to drive your opponent away from the net or forecourt
or to slow the game. The bird should fly above the opponent’s reach and
fall within one foot of the baseline.
2. Smash – an attacking shot made at the limit of one’s upward reach and
slightly in front of the shoulder. At the moment of contact, the arm and
wrist come down forcibly.
BASIC SKILLS
C. Strokes

3. Drive – A flat shot kept as low as possible and is second only to the smash as
an attacking shot.
4. Drop Shot – any shot that drops immediately after crossing the net. The
descent of the bird is controlled with little follow-through.
5. Net Shot – any shot played as near to the net as possible, controlled by wrist
and forearm. The hairpin shot is an example of a net shot.
BASIC SKILLS
D. Serves

1. High and deep (singles) – take a position near and on the proper side of the
center line and about four feet behind the short service line. Drop the bird
on the racket side and swing the racket forward.
2. Low and short (doubles) – take a position closer to the front service line.
The racket is swung forward with little follow-through.
3. Drive (flick) – a quick snap of the wrist in the backhand grip with the bird
held directly in front of the body. The bird travels in a direct line at the
receiver.
BASIC SKILLS
E. Flight Patterns (left to right)

A = underhand clear/high single serve F = hairpin net shot

B = short serve G = smash
C = underhand drop shot H = overhead drop hot
D = overhead clear I = net shot
E = high doubles serve J = drive
PLAYING STRATEGY

• A. Singles – serve long most of the time. Return a high serve with a drop or
clear. Build the game plan on a basis of alternate drop and clear shots, and
then use the smash/drive as openings occur. Run your opponent from the
front to back and from side to side of the court.
PLAYING STRATEGY

• B. Doubles – make shots, the return of which will leave an opening for your
partner to play a winning shot. Never play a shot that leaves your partner
open to smashes. Always make an attacking shot. This implies that all
shots should be hit down. Most serves should be short and low. Attack
short serves when receiving.
PLAYING STRATEGY
B. Doubles
1. Side-by side – each partner is responsible for half of the playing court, net
to baseline.
2. Up-and-back – one member plays the front portion of the court, operating
from the centerline and just behind the short service line. The partner
plays the rear portion of the court from the centerline and just in front of
the double rear service line.
3. Up/back rotation – combines the two doubles’ strategies, using the side-
by-side position for defense, and up and back formation for attack.
TERMINOLOGY
1. Alley – an extension of the width of the
court on both sides to be used in doubles
play.
2. Backhand – any stroke made on the side of
the body opposite the racket side. 8. Double hit – contacting the bird twice in
3. Baseline – back boundary line.
4. Bird – the object that flies over the net,
officially known as a shuttlecock.
5. Block – placing the racket in front of the
bird and letting it rebound into the
opponent’s court.
6. Carry – momentarily holding the bird on
the racket during the execution of a stroke.
7. Clear – a high shot that falls close to the
baseline.
succession on the same stroke.
9. Doubles – a game of four players, two on
each team.
10. Drive – a hard stroke that just clears the
net on a horizontal plane.
TERMINOLOGY
11. Drop – a shot made that barely clears the
net with little speed.
12. Fault – any violation of the rules whose
penalty is loss of serve or the point.
13. Forehand – any stroke made on the racket
side of the body.
14. Hairpin (net) stroke – shot made from
below and very close to the net with the
bird just clearing the net and dropping
sharply downward.
15. Home position – the ideal spot for awaiting
the opponent’s return.
16. Let – a play allowed to be replayed.
17. Match – best two out of three games.
18. Odd and even courts – in singles, the right
half of the court is “even” and the left half of
the court is the “odd.” When the even
player is serving from the right the score is
even, and odd when serving from the left.
19. Rally – rapid returns made by players.
20. Ready position – an alert body position
enabling quick movement in any direction.
TERMINOLOGY
21. Receiver – the player to whom the bird is
served.
22. Server – the player who puts the bird in
play.
23. Shuttlecock – the feathered/plastic object
that is hit back and forth in badminton.
24. Singles – a game involving one player on
each end of the court.
25. Sling – an untrue hit, usually because of the
bird momentarily resting on the racket.
26. Smash – a powerful overhand stroke that
sends the bird downward over the net. 27.
Stroke – the action of striking the bird with
the racket.
27. Toss/spin – the method of deciding which
side will serve first at the beginning of the
match.
BADMINTON COURT
EQUIPMENTS:

A Shuttlecock shall have 16 feathers

fixed in a cork base covered in kid
leather. Interestingly, the best
Badminton Shuttlecocks are made
from feathers from the left wing of a
goose.
POINTS, GAMES AND MATCHES

• Every time you win a rally, you get a point. Starting from zero,
the first person to reach 21 points wins the game. A match is
the best of three games: you win the match by winning two
games. So a match could last either two or three games.
1. DEFENSIVE BADMINTON CLEAR/LOB

• This is the most basic badminton shot. The defensive badminton

clear is performed to get you out of trouble.. A clear or lob is a
good way to get yourself more organized while you're under
pressure and buys you some time to work yourself back into
the rally.
UNDERARM DEFENSIVE LOB
• The pictures above show you the flight trajectory of the
defensive badminton clear and lob. This shot can be performed
using the badminton overhead stroke and the underarm stroke.
In the picture above, you'll realize that the shuttle travels high
up and deep into your opponent's baseline. The defensive clear
keeps the shuttle in the air for quite a while. This gives you
some extra time before your opponent is able to hit it.
2. BADMINTON DROP SHOT

The badminton drop shot is semi-

offensive. It's performed from
the back of the court and is usually used
to maintain the pace of the game.
3. BADMINTON SMASH
The smash is often known as the 'winning shot' in
badminton. It's used with the intention to end a rally.

The smash is one of the most powerful badminton

shots (However, when you decide to smash, you're
taking a risk. Smashing causes you to lose a certain
degree of balance.
4. BADMINTON JUMP SMASH

This is a more powerful version of the badminton

smash. It is also one of the hardest badminton shots
to perform.

To hit this shot, you will simply need to jump and hit
the smash in mid air.
 5. BADMINTON NET SHOT .
Badminton shots along the net (known as "net shots") are used to
create opportunities and dominate the front of the court.
 6. BADMINTON NET KILL
The net kill is a useful skill to end a rally when if your opponent executes a poor
quality net shot (net shot that is too high). When your opponent plays a net shot
that is too high, strike with a net kill!
 7. DEFENSIVE BADMINTON NET LIFT

The net lift sends the shuttle high up to your opponent's baseline. It is similar to
the underarm defensive clear but the net lift is usually performed very closely to
the net.
 8. BADMINTON DRIVE
Drives are fast and furious badminton shots exchanged horizontally across the net
 RULES OF BADMINTON

A game can take place with either two(singles) or four(doubles) players.

An official match has to be played indoors on the proper court
dimensions. The dimensions are 6.1m by 13.4m, the net is situated through
the middle of the court and is set at 1.55m.
To score a point the shuttlecock must hit within the parameters of the
opponent’s court
 RULES OF BADMINTON

If the shuttlecock hits the net or lands out, then a point is awarded to your
opponent.
Platers must serve diagonally across the net to their opponent. As points are
won then serving stations move from one side to the other. There are no
second serves so if your first serve goes out then your opponent wins a point.
A serve must be hit underarm and below the serve waist no overarm serves
are allowed.
 RULES OF BADMINTON

• Each game will start with a toss to determine which player will serve
first and which side of the court the opponent would like to start from.
Once the shuttlecock is ‘live’ then a player may move around the court
as they wish. They are permitted to hit the shuttlecock from out of the
playing ground.
If a player touches the net with any part of their body or rocket, then it
is deemed a fault and their opponent receives a point.
 RULES OF BADMINTON
A fault is also called if a player deliberately distracts their opponent, the shuttlecock is
caught in the rocket then flung, the shuttlecock is hit twice or if the player continues to
infract with the laws of badminton
Each game is umpired by the referee on a high chair who overlooks the game. There are
also line judges who monitor if the shuttlecock lands or not. The referee has overriding
calls on infringement and faults.
Let may be called by the referee if an unforeseen or accidental circumstance arose.
These may include the shuttlecock getting stuck in the bet, serving out of turn, one
player was not ready or a decision which is to close to call.
RULES OF BADMINTON

If the laws are continuously broken by a player then the referee
holds the power to dock that player of points with persisting fouls
receiving a forfeit of the set or even the match.
The game has only two rest periods coming the form of a 90
second rest after the first game and a 5 minutes rest period after
the second game.
 RULES OF BADMINTON(SINGLES)

• One player on each side of the net

• ‘skinny and long’ boundary lines
• When beginning each set, or when the player serving has a score
of an even number, they will serve from the right service court. If
the players score is odd, they will serve from the left.
 RULES OF BADMINTON(SINGLES)

• If the server wins the rally, they receive a point and then serve
once again, switching to the opposite service court.
• If the receiver wins a rally, they receive a point, now having the
chance to serve (from the appropriate service court)
 RULES OF BADMINTON(DOUBLES)
• 2 players on each side of the net
• Outside lines of the court used for boundaries
• Only one player is to serve until they lose the rally and the
opponents having a chance to serve
 RULES OF BADMINTON(DOUBLES)

• When beginning each set, or when the player serving has a score
of an even number, they will serve in the right service court. If
the score is odd, they will serve on the left side of he court
• If the serving side wins the rally, they receive a point and then
the same player will serve.
 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
• The aim of badminton is to hit the shuttle with your racket so that it passes
over the net and lands inside your opponent’s half of the court. Whenever you
do this, you have won a rally; win enough rallies, and you win the match.
• Your opponent has the same goal. He will try to reach the shuttle and send it
back into your half of the court.You can also win rallies from your opponent’s
mistakes: if he hits the shuttle into or under the net, or out of court, then you
win the rally.
• If you think your opponent’s shot is going to land out, then you should let it fall
to the floor. If you hit the shuttle instead, then the rally continues.
• Once the shuttle touches the ground, the rally is over. In this
respect, badminton is not like tennis or squash, where the
ball can bounce.
• You must hit the shuttle once only before it goes over the
net (even in doubles). In this respect, badminton is not like
volleyball, where multiple players can touch the ball before
sending it back over the net.
• Badminton is played indoors
• Some of you may be familiar with playing badminton on a beach,
or in the garden. This is fine when you’re playing it as a casual
game, but it doesn’t work when you start to get competitive.
• The shuttle is blown off course by even the slightest breath of
wind. That’s why competitive badminton is always played indoors.
 SETTING UP A BADMINTON COURT
• Badminton has its own nets and posts; the net is much lower than for volleyball. Sometimes a
sports centre will set up the court with a slack volleyball net instead, because the staff don’t
know anything about badminton. Ask for proper badminton posts and a badminton net.
• If you need to set up the court yourself, then check three things:
1. The net covers the whole width of the court.
2. The net is pulled tight, not slack.
3. The net is in the middle, so that both court halves are the same size.
• Often it can be hard to see the badminton court lines, because lines for other sports are also
painted on the floor. The badminton court lines should all be in one colour, so try to focus on
that.
SINGLES, DOUBLES, AND MIXED DOUBLES

• You can have either two or four players on a badminton

court: one player on each side, or a team of two players on
each side. One-against-one is called singles; two-against-two
is called doubles.
• In doubles, either player can hit the shuttle; you do not have
to take it in turns. The only exceptions are the first two
shots of the rally; I’ll explain this when we discuss serving.
SINGLES, DOUBLES, AND MIXED DOUBLES

• In total, there are five types of badminton:

1. Men’s singles
2. Women’s singles
3. Men’s doubles
4. Women’s doubles
5. Mixed doubles (each team is a man and a woman)
• Men’s doubles and women’s doubles are also called level doubles.
• These are the only types of badminton played in serious tournaments. In casual play, however,
women sometimes play against men (e.g. two women against two men).
WHAT ARE ALL THOSE LINES FOR?

• When you first look at a badminton court, you could be forgiven for thinking it
has too many lines. This is mainly because the court is marked up for both
singles and doubles, which use slightly different court sizes.
• The outermost lines form the doubles court. So in a doubles rally, the shuttle is
allowed to land anywhere on the court.
• The singles court is slightly narrower than the doubles court. The singles side
lines are not the outermost lines, but the next ones in. Taken together with the
outermost (doubles) side lines, these make narrow alley shapes along the sides
of the court. These alleys are often called the tramlines or side tramlines, since
they look like tram or train tracks.
WHAT ARE ALL THOSE LINES FOR?

• So here’s another way to think about it: the side tramlines are in for
doubles, but out for singles.
• All the other lines are for serving
• There are still three lines we haven’t discussed yet. These lines mean
nothing during the main rally, and only apply when you’re serving. This
is similar to how a tennis court has special lines for serving.
SERVING

• Serving is how you start the rally: someone has to hit the
shuttle first! To prevent the server gaining an overwhelming
advantage, there are special restrictions placed on serving
that don’t apply during the rest of the rally.
• The receiver is the person who hits the second shot in the
rally. In doubles, the receiver’s partner is not allowed to hit
this shot.
HOW TO SERVE

• In badminton, the serve must be hit in an upwards direction, with an

underarm hitting action.You are not allowed to play a tennis style
serve.
• The main rule here is that when you hit the shuttle, it must be below
your waist. To be exact, the rules define this to be a height level with
the lowest part of your ribcage. In other words, you can serve from a
bit higher than the top of your shorts, but not much.
SERVICE COURTS

• The service courts are smaller box shapes inside the court. We’ll
look at what they are used for in a moment, but first let’s get the
right boxes.
• Notice that the badminton court has a line down the middle,
extending from the back to near the net; this is the centre line. At
the front of the court, the centre line is met by another line; this is
the front service line. These two lines form a T shape where they
meet.
 A SINGLES SERVICE COURT IS A BOX MADE FROM FOUR
LINES:
The centre line, A singles side line (inside side line), The front service
line,The back line (the outside one, all the way at the back)
• On your side of the net, you have two service courts: your right
service court, and your left service court. The same is true for your
opponent.
• The doubles service courts are slightly different. They are wider,
because they use the outside side line (remember: the doubles court
is wider); and they are shorter, because they use the inside back line.
• That’s what the inside back line is for: doubles service, and nothing
else. It’s probably the most confusing line on a badminton court,
because that’s all it does!
A DOUBLES SERVICE COURT IS A BOX MADE FROM
FOUR LINES:
The centre line, A doubles side line (outside side line), The front service line, The
inside back line (not the very back line, but the next one in)
SERVICE COURTS ARE USED FOR THREE THINGS:

• The server must stand inside a service court.

• The receiver must stand inside the diagonally opposite
service court.
• The serve must travel into the diagonally opposite service
court.
EXAMPLE:

• For example, suppose the server is standing in his left service court. The receiver
will be standing in his left service court, which is also where the serve has to go.
• If the serve is going to land outside the service court, then the receiver should
let it fall to the floor. If the receiver hits the serve, then the rally continues even
if the serve had been going out.
• The server and receiver must stay inside their service boxes until the server
contacts the shuttle with his racket. After that, they can leave the boxes
immediately and move anywhere on court.