1) The State Load Despatch Centre (SLDC) shall

be the apex body to ensure integrated

operation of the power system in a State.

2)The state load dispatch center monitors Load-

Generation Balance.

3) Also monitors loads of various feeders and

dispatches the power according to the capacity
of the transmission lines
LOAD-GENERATION BALANCE
 In case of any event (either tripping or charging of
any element) shall report SLDC on top priority.

 Opening and closing of any element shall execute

after obtaining permission/proper code from
SLDC.

 All Substations shall maintain main and

alternate communications.

 At least One person should be available in control

room in case of any event.
Single Line Diagram (SLD)
Important Elements
 FEEDERS(INCOMING/OUTGOING)
 LIGHTNING ARRESTOR
 CVT
 CURRENT TRANSFORMER
 CIRCUIT BREAKER
 ISOLATOR
 BUSBAR
 POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
 POWER TRANSFORMER
UNIT PROTECTION
 DISTANCE/DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
(ZONE SYSYTEM-IN CASE OF LINE/FEEDER)

 OVER-CURRENT/EF PROTECTION
UNDERSTANDING OF RELAYS
 Know the importance of indications of different types
of relays (Distance, Differential, Buccholtz & Three
Phase fault)

 Know how to identify the indications & flags.

 Read correctly and understanding of relays

Voltage Limits
Nominal (kV) Maximum Minimum

400 420 380

220 245 198

132 145 122

33 36 30
OLTC OPERATION ZONES
LV -----Switch off Capacitor banks
150

145
-----TAP CHANGE
135

170 180 190 200 210 220 245 HV

130

125

-----TAP CHANGE
Switch oN Capacitor banks 120
Procedure for Availing LCs
 Apply in lc.tssldc.in with detailed information of
element to take shutdown (At least 2days prior)

 Opening/closing of any element can only execute, after

obtaining the corresponding code from SLDC

 Early return of LC (Except incase of emergency) in

case of major interruption like Railways,L&T Metro
rail, Lift Irrigation etc…
NOTE:
 SLDC is the Apex body

 Follow the instructions that received from SLDC on

top priority.
THANK YOU