PANDEMIC

EVIDENCE OF
LIFE
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
ON THE CONCEPT OF LIFE
• The similar characteristics of cells allow scientists and biologist to think
that cells are descended from a common ancestral cell or known as the
last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

• Cells arose from nonliving materials.

• Over hundred of years, the cells from nonliving matter produced

subsequent growth, forming cell populations.

• The cell population began to interact with other microbial communities.

-The interaction of the cell population to microbial communities led
to the evolution of selected cell populations.

-As the cell population adapted to its community, it developed and

improved, allowing diversification of the early cell.

-The early cell eventually became highly complex and diverse as

what is seen and known today.
-Scientists found evidence that cells appeared on
Earth around 3.9 billion years ago.

-These early cells are exclusively microbial. Historical

evidence shows that microorganism are said to
be the earliest life-forms on Earth. Over periods
of time, the microbial cell developed into a more
complex organism.
-The atmosphere during the first 3 billion years was rich in nitrogen and
carbon dioxide.

-It was anoxic (deficient in oxygen) with limited gases present.

-Only microorganisms that were capable of surviving in the absence of

oxygen (anaerobic) survived, including methanogens (methane-producing
organisms).

-Organisms that were light-dependent survived as they get energy from

sunlight (phototrophic organisms). The first group of phototrophs such as
purple bacteria were simple, while others are anoxygenic (nonoxygen-
evolving phototrophs).

- -Oxygen and oxygen-evolving phototrophs like cyanobacteria evolved

from anoxygenic phototrophs which slowly oxygenated the atmosphere.
-The production of sufficient oxygen as time progress,
allowed multi-cellular life forms to develop and evolve in
increasing complexities into the plants and animals that
we know today.
-Traces and evidence of the past help scientist discover
the evolutionary history of organisms.

-Scientists also reconstruct evolutionary transition using

biomarkers and unique and specific molecules present in
a particular group of organisms.

-At the same time, the use of biomarkers allows scientist

to predict the existence of specific organisms in a
particular time.