Unit 2: Force, Motion, and Energy

Outline of Presentation

Progression of learning
G10 Electricity and Magnetism learning
competencies
G10 Electricity and Magnetism goals and
objectives
Learning activities
Sample activity
Discussion of results
Application of concepts derived from the activities

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Field
Electrostatics Electric Charge Electric Force
Electric Potential

Electric circuit/connection Ohm’s Law

Electric
Current (I) • Electrical Power
• Electrical energy

 Electric charges
Gr. 7

 Attraction/Repulsion between charges

 Flow of charges (Simple electric circuit)
Magnetic
Field and
 Electric current (I, V, R relationship)
Gr. 8

Current
 Electrical connections (connections at home)
 World of Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Field
Electrostatics Electric Charge Electric Force
Electric Potential

Electric circuit/connection Ohm’s Law

Electric
Current (I) • Electrical Power
• Electrical energy
• Magnetic Field
Magnetism • Magnetic forces

Magnetic Field (B) B due to I Electromagnets

Magnetic
Force of B on I Motors
Field and
Current
•Generator/Transformer
EM Induction Faraday’s Law •Power Transmission
Grade 9 Power Generation, Transmission, and
Distribution

Where does electricity

come from? How is it
produced? How does it
get to our home?

Source: http://www.netgainenergyadvisors.com/
Grade 10 Electromagnetic
Induction
What happens
inside the
generator? How
does it “produce
electricity”?

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Drax_power_station_generator.jpg
Grade 10 •Electric Motor
• Applications of EM
Waves (including Light)
How else is electrical
energy changed into
other forms of energy
that are useful to us?

Source: http://mamcomotors.com
 G10 Force, Motion, and Energy
Electricty and Magnetism

Learning Competencies

Demonstrate the generation of electricity

by movement of a magnet through the
coil
Explain the operation of a simple electric
motor and generator

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 G10 Force, Motion, and Energy
Electricty and Magnetism

Goals/Objectives
Understand the nature of magnet/magnetic field
o Magnetic domains
o Exploring magnetic field
a. around permanent magnets of different shapes;
b. between like and unlike poles;
c. around a straight current-carrying conductor;
d. around a current-carrying loop of wire; and
e. around the Earth.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 G10 Force, Motion, and Energy
Electricty and Magnetism

Goals/Objectives
Understand the relationship between electricity (electric
current) and magnetism (magnetic field) and use this
relationship in explaining principles behind generators,
motors and other devices (recording devices)
o Investigate what happens when
• a current carrying conductor is placed within a
magnetic field
• a conductor is moved within a magnetic field
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Getting hooked ...

The Floating Paper Clip

 Learning Activities
Magnetism
Activity 1 For the Record…
Getting familiar with the various equipment
commonly found inside a radio broadcasting studio
Activity 2 Test Mag...1, 2!
Observing interactions between magnets and between
a magnet and ‘non-magnet’
Activity 3 Inducing Magnetism
Inducing magnetism in a magnetic material
Activity 4/5 Detecting Magnetism/Oh, Magnets…
Determining direction of magnetic field around a
permanent magnet using magnetic compass/magnetic
field creater
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 Learning Activities

Electricity and Magnetism

Activity 6 Electric Field Simulation

Activity 7 Magnetic Field Simulation
Comparing electric and magnetic field lines using
PhET Interactive Simulations Project

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 Learning Activities
Magnetism from Electricity
Activity 8 Magnetic Field around Current-
Carrying Conductors
Activity 9 Making your Own Electric Motor

Electricity from Magnetism

Activity 10 Let’s Jump In
Generating electricity with the aid of the Earth’s B
Activity 11 Principles of Electromagnetic Induction
Investigating factors affecting the strength and direction of B
Sample
Activity
Activity 8: Magnetic Field around
Current-Carrying Conductors

Objectives

Using a compass, explore the magnetic field around

current-carrying conductors.

Use the magnetic compass to determine the direction of

a magnetic field
A. around a straight current-carrying conductor; and
B. at the center of the current-carrying coil.
Part A: Magnetic Field around a Straight Conductor

* Setup
Materials needed
conductor
• Straight current-
carrying conductor supply
setup*
• Power supply/Dry cells
• Connecting wires
• Magnetic compass
• Cardboard/Illustration Source: http://www.ekshiksha.org.in/

board
 Part B: Magnetic Field at the Center of a Coil

Materials needed

• Current-carrying coil setup* * Setup

• Power supply/Dry cells
• Connecting wires
• Magnetic compass
• Cardboard/Illustration board

Source: http://www.ekshiksha.org.in/
 Top View
Part A
out of the
paper

Magnetic
compass

into the
paper

Conductor X

without current
with current
Part B
Side View

+ Clockwise

Counterclockwise

without current
+
with current
Activity Proper
 The story behind...

In 1819, Hans Christian Oersted, a

Danish physicist and chemist and a
professor in the University of
Copenhagen, discovered during a
class demonstration that a current
carrying wire would deflect the
compass needle. He inferred that an www.rare-earth-magnets.com

electric current would induce a Hans Christian Oersted

magnetic field. (1777–1851)
 Guide Questions
Part A
From a top-view perspective, in which direction
does the north pole of the compass needle point
when placed around the straight current-
carrying conductor? If the direction of the
current is reversed, in which direction does the
needle point?
Part B: Magnetic Field at the Center of a Coil

-
 Visualizing Magnetic Field

http://www.ekshiksha.org.in//

Magnetic Compass Iron Fillings

 Direction of Magnetic Field

Right Hand Rule (RHR)

If a current carrying conductor is

imagined to be held in the right hand
such that the thumb points in the Current Magnetic
Field
direction of the current, then the tips of
the fingers encircling the conductor will
give the direction of the magnetic lines
(magnetic field)

http://www.ekshiksha.org.in//
 Force on a current-carrying conductor in a
magnetic field

What happens when a

current -carrying
conductor is placed
within a magnetic
field?

http://www.ekshiksha.org.in//

EM Swing
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a
magnetic field
The direction of the force on a current carrying
conductor in a magnetic field can be determined by
using the right hand rule (RHR)

F
http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/File:Right-hand-rule.jpg
Application:
Working Principle of Electric Motor

http://tutorvista.com

Electric Motor
 Concept Check
A current carrying wire is perpendicular to the
card as shown in the figure below.
Which of the arrows in the figure shows the
direction of the magnetic field at point Y ?
+
A

D B
Y
C

-
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 1.A
2.B
3.C
D

Concept Check
A wire conductor is placed between the poles
of a strong permanent U magnet as shown in
the figure below. The direction of current I
through the wire is also shown. Which arrow
indicates the direction of the force on the
wire?
I

B
A

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 1.A
2.B
3.C
D

Concept Check
A rectangular loop of wire OPQR carrying a
current is in a uniform magnetic field as
shown in the figure below. What is the
direction of the force on PQ?

A. to the right
B. to the left
C. vertically upwards
D. vertically downwards

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 Concepts Learned
Magnetic Field
 An electric current produces magnetic effect around the
conductor (called Magnetic Field)
 The magnetic field surrounding a current-carrying
conductor can be shown by sprinkling iron filings or
arranging magnetic compasses around the conductor
 The compasses line up with the magnetic field (a pattern of
concentric circles about the wire) produced by the current.
 When the current reverses direction, the compasses turn
around, showing that the direction of the magnetic field
changes also.
 Concepts Learned

Motor Effect

 A current-carrying conductor when placed in a magnetic

field experiences a force.
 If the direction of the field and that of the current are
mutually perpendicular to each other, then the force acting
on the conductor will be perpendicular to both. This is the
basis of an electric motor.
 The direction of the magnetic field, current and force can
be determined using the RHR.
Inquiry in Practice
Engaging in scientific-oriented questions
Gathering evidence
Providing explanations based on evidence
Communicating explanations

Process Skills
Observing
Inference
Predicting
Experimenting
Communicating explanations
Thank you 