TONSILLITIS

Panlilio, Danica Camille P.

Quiambao, Jerika
Sarmiento, Nina Sarah
 ANATOMY
ANATOMY
 ANATOMY
ANATOMY
 ANATOMY
ANATOMY
 ANATOMY
ANATOMY
 ANATOMY
ANATOMY
 ANATOMY
ANATOMY
• Tonsillar branches of
glossopharyngeal
nerve
• Descending branches
of lesser palatine
nerves
 ANATOMY
ANATOMY
 PHYSIOLOGY
FUNCTIONS
• Important in IgA production
• MALT (Mucosa – Associated Lymphoid Tissue)
– Dispersed non encapsulated lymphoid tissue (GIT, Respiratory and
Uro)
– Local immune response at mucosal surfaces
• Generation of antigenspecific B cells in the follicles
 PHYSIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
• Repiratory viruses - most common identifiable
– Rhino and coronaviruses (~20% and at least 5%,
respectively).
• Others
– Influenza virus
– Parainfluenza virus
– Adenovirus
• Acute bacterial pharyngitis is typically caused
by S. pyogenes, (~5–15%)
 PHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
Viral Etiology Bacterial Etiology
 Conjunctivitis  Sudden onset
 Coryza  Sore throat /Dysphagia
 Cough  Fever
 Hoarseness  Petechiae
 Diarrhea  Headache
 Muscle and joint pain  Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal
pain
 Inflammation of pharynx and tonsils
 Patchy discrete exudates
 Tender, enlarged anterior cervical
nodes
 Patients aged 5-15 years
 History of exposure
 PHYSIOLOGY
APPROACH TO DIAGNOSIS
Centor Score
 PHYSIOLOGY
Brodsky Grading
 PHYSIOLOGY
TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT
• Penicillin
• Cephalosporin
• Erythromycin
 PHYSIOLOGY
Tonsillectomy
 PHYSIOLOGY
Tonsillectomy
Tonsillectomy may be recommended in patients
with the following conditions:
• Tonsillar hyperplasia
• Recurrent or chronic tonsillitis
• Peritonsillar abscess
 PHYSIOLOGY
COMPLICATIONS
• Peritonsillar cellulitis
• Peritonsillar abscess (Quinsy)
• Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
• Rheumatic fever → Rheumatic heart disease
• Septicemia
• Obstructive sleep apnea
THANK YOU!!!