D.

MANJULA
IV-YEAR / B.ARCH
PHYSICAL
URBAN ANTHROPOLOGY
URBAN HOUSING
COMERCIAL
INSTITUTIONAL
URBAN HERITAGE
URBAN LANDSCAPE,ECOLOOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES,OPEN SPACES
VISUALS
PHYSICAL
 • CITY:SRIRANGAM (THIRUVARANGAM)
LOCATION
• DISTRICT:TIRUCHIRAPPALLI (TRICHY)
• STATE:TAMIL NADU
• GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES: 10° 52' 0" North,
78° 41' 0" East
 ORIGIN
Thiruvarangam is an island and a part of the city of Tiruchirappalli (heart of
Tamil Nadu),India.
Thiruvarangam is located at the geographical coordinates of 10° 52' 0" N,
78° 41' 0" E and is bounded by the Kaveri River (also known as Cauvery
river) on one side,and the Kaveri distributary Kollidam
(Coleroon) on the other side.

Thiruvarangam is home to a significant population

of Srivaishnavites (followers of Lord Vishnu).
It is widely hailed as the first of 108 Divya Deshams.
 EVOLUTION
• Srirangam is famous for its Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, a major
pilgrimage destination for Hindus(especiall ySrivaishnavites) and the
largest temple complex in India.

• Srirangam's History got important during the

invasion of Muslim emperors.
• After the rise of Vijayanagara Empire, the
Srirangam temple was well reformed and many
plans were executed for the growth and people
welfare and so Srirangam got developed rapidly.
LAYOUT
 LAND USE

HINDHU TEMPLES

RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL
INTEGRATION

PRIMARILY RESIDENTIAL

PRIMARILY COMMERCIAL

FARMLAND AND FOREST

PUBLIC BUILDINGS/
RESIDENTIAL
 CLIMATE
The average climate of Srirangam is
Humid.
Average Temperature Range (°C):
Summer- Max. 37.1 °C Min. 26.4
°C;
Winter- Max. 31.3 °C Min. 20.6 °C;
Rainfall: 835 millimetres.
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 BUS STOPS:
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
According to the Hindu Religious and charitable endowments
(HR&CE) deparment, Sri Ranganathaswamy temple in srirangam
surrounded by kollidam and cauvery rivers on an average
attract 5to7 lakh domestic tourists and 25,000 international
tourists a month. With such a floating population, Srirangam
had been craving for a bus stand for more than a decade.
Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation sources said that as many as city buses and
mofussil buses are plying from srirangam to central bus stand, chatiram bus stand,
Trichy railway junction, and Chennai respectively every day.
Due to the absence of a bus stand or an ideal facility to park the fleets, traffic
congestion is perpetual in EVS street and pulimandapam road.
“with buses occupying Ammamandapam and EVS street, it is difficult even to ride a
two wheeler. If there was a bus stand, these buses can be directed to it so that roads
leading to Rajagopuram can be freed”.
BUS STOPS: PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Even though 6.75 acres of land was identified near Yatri Nivas in kollidam flood bank,
sources said that efforts were not initiated to utilise the space for a bus stand.
“As of now, there are no immediate plans to establish a bus stand in srirangam”.
Most congested stretch in srirangam:
1)Amma mandapam road
2)Mangamma nagar
3)Pulimandapam road
4)Gandhi road
RAILWAY STATION: PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Srirangam railway station is an important railway
station in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.
It is located 10 km from Tiruchirappalli Railway Junction.
It is well-connected with almost major places in India.
Its code is SRGM.
It serves the vicinity of Srirangam Area and pilgrims
visiting Ranganathaswamy Temple. The station
consists of four well sheltered platforms.
AIRPORT: PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Srirangam is not well connected to other major cities of the country via
regular flights. The nearest airport is in Tiruchirappally at a distance of 9kms.

Tiruchirappalli is an international airport serving Tiruchirappalli in the state of Tamil

Nadu, India. It is located on National Highway 336, about 5 km (3.1 mi) south of the
city center. It is the third-largest airport in Tamil Nadu in terms of total passenger traffic
next to Chennai and Coimbatore.The airport covers an area of 702 acres.
 URBAN
ANTHROPOLOGY
 SOCIAL
The population of srirangam was estimated to be one thousand at about the sixth
century AD.
They were Hindus and belonged to the castes of the brahmins, kshatriyas,vaishyas
and the sudras.
Srirangam Taluka has total population of 207,494 as per the Census 2011.
Out of which 103,262 are males while
104,232 are females.
In 2011 there were total 51,860 families
residing in Srirangam Taluka.
The Average Sex Ratio of Srirangam Taluka
is 1,009.
 RELIGION

Hindus contribute 73% of the

total population and are the
largest religious community in
the sub district followed by
Muslims which contribute 21%
of the total population and Christians are the third largest
religious community here with 6% population.
 ECONOMY
Due to the famous temple, Srirangam
has a thriving economy based on
tourism.
Srirangam town is also home to several
hundred people who work in offices and
industries located in Tiruchirappalli.
The religious and cultural profiles
indicate that the occupation of the
people who lived in srirangam was
determined by the caste they belonge to.
The region was rich in pepper, pearls and precious stones, and merchants came
from far north, west and east of Tamilnadu to trade in these commodities.
Other local products, apart from cereal crops and pulses, were such cash crops as
cotton and sugarcane.
 CULTURE
Local festivals that are celebrated here are
Srirangam car festival, Samayapuram flower
festival, Vaikunta Ekadasi, and the
Teppakulam float festival.
 CULTURE

The city is known for textile weaving and gem cutting.

The Trichy Travel Federation (TTF) was formed to promote tourism in Trichy.
The federation organizes an annual food festival called Suvai.
URBAN HOUSING
 STREET PATTERN
 Srirangam ,as typical of many ancient towns in India
,These sacred monuments were constructed in such
a position that providing a focal point for the city .
 Initially there were only two temples ,with
individual settlements around them in a particular
order the temple with the brahmin, Vaishya, &
shudracommunity residence laid out in concentric
pattern around the temple .
 The status and power was reflected in the height of the building .
 The settlement patterns were community or occupation based .
 The volume and character of the streets network change when we move from
periphery to the centre of the temple.
 Thus only pedestrianisationis encouraged all along the temple surrounding.
 SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM

 The town has originated and developed only on account of the great
SriRanganathar Swami temple that covers an enormous area on the island and is
the foremost center of all the religious activities in the town.
 In the 20th Century, Srirangam became a municipality and the town started to
grow outside the fortified enclosure walls. Today it is spread all across the island.
 The quaint riverbanks are buzzing with building activity. Old buildings are being
demolished rapidly.
 The ecology of the island and the life within the town needs to be protected and
sensitively planned for Settlement pattern.
SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM

THE TEMPLE TOWN HAS A CONCENTRIC STREET LAYOUT WHERE

THE STREETS ARE LOCATED AROUND THE TEMPLE COMPLEX.
 SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM
 The urban form of Srirangam is followed by Sarvatobhadra in Manasara and
enriched with the ideology and the culture of Sri Vaishnavism.
 It has three divisions in its settlements such as the temple, residential areas and
the commercial areas with few public buildings.
 There are overall seven rings around the temple, of which four are inside the
temple (the temple praharam/processional pathways) complex and three of them
are located outside the temple the fifth ring (Uthira Veethi) is the external
boundary of the temple with Brahmin residents on its other side; the sixth (Chitra
Veethi) enclosure also occupied by Brahmins residents and seventh ring
(Adaiavalainjan Veethi), the outer enclosure is completely granted to residential
and commercial purposes to the lower socio-economic people.
 The northern part of srirangam is still undeveloped because of poor
infrastructure services like roads and other basic facilities.
 SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM

Two temples form nodes for the city The city expands from the two nuclei

Settlement of the city by Islamic and British culture

changed the Urban morphology, diversifying SriRangam
SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM
 SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM
For the purpose of this study the two distinctly varying street typologies are chosen:
(1) TYPE A street: Streets inside the temple wall.

(2) Type B street: Streets that were developed outside the temple wall.
 SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM
TYPEA STREETS-Traditional Town character:
The streets that belong to TYPE A are the Uthara Street, Chitra Street and Adayavalanjaan
Street. They are located outside the temple but within the traditional town wall.
These threes streets have the following characteristics:
- The streets are low density residential.
- The widths of the streets are more (12m to 15m)
basically to accommodate the movement of the
temple car and the huge population who gather to
view the festivals.
- The buildings are low rise even after some
alterations.
- The streets have the common Aspect Ratio (Height
of the building/Width of the street)–0.3,0.5.
- Though the streets of the traditional town are wide
enough to have greenery, only few of the spots Type A street with the wide traditional streets to
have vegetation andthe rest lack. accommodate the crowd during temple car festival.
 SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM
TYPE B STREETS –New development outside the Traditional Town:

- The streets are high density residential and

low density commercial and mixed use.
- The width of the streets areless(3m to7m)and
the streets are enclosed by tall buildings.
- Thebuildings arehigh rise.
- The streets have thefollowingAspect Ratio
(Height of the building/Width of the street)–
1.3,2,3,4,5.For the purpose of study I have
considered the maximum and minimum value
i.e1.3and5.
- Since the width of the streets innew
developed are of Srirangam areless,seldom Type B street with more Aspect Ratio shows the
greenery is observed narrow streets on the southern part of Srirangam City
SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF SRIRANGAM
 ASPECTS OF CITY
 PATHS :Paths were often the predominant elements in people’s image with the other elements
being arranged and related along paths. As the temples rectangular pathways defines a
imageability to the city.
 EDGES: The two main temples in the
srirangamshows a focal point of development
and there is no edges can been seen rather a
continuous development is prevailing .As it is an
island all sides are isolated by water bodies .

 DISTRICTS: The city shows a unique charters of

religious spirituality and a physical character of
temples all around the city.
 NODEs: The nodal point of the city is the center point of the two major temples .And the
magnificent towers become the hallway for entering intothe temple.
 LANDMARKS: The rajakopuramwas the major landmark-highest tower in asiaand the 7
concentric walled sections and 21 magnificent towers or gopuram forms a unique design of its
kind next to madurai .
COMERCIAL
• Sir Renga Co-Operative Stores
• Sri Renga Living Arts
• Vignesh Shopping Complex
• Durai Vegetable Shop
• Subha Complex
• Nallandavar Complex
• Clear Aqua Technologies Private Limited
• Shanthi Furniture
• NANO MARKER’S
• Thulasi Pharmacies India Pvt Ltd
• Rbs Ready Made Steel
• ACS POWER
YATRI NIWAS AT SRIRANGAM
The Yatri Nivas, with an ambience of a resort on the
banks of the Kollidam behind the Srirangam temple,
can accommodate 1,000people. The facility has 612
single rooms, 98 double rooms, and 24 family
cottages.

TOURIST INTERPRETATION CENTRE AND AUDITORIUM

INSTITUTIONAL
 SCHOOLS

SRIRANGAM SCHOOLS AND EDUCATIONAL

INSTITUTIONS:
Srimath Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous)
is situated in Srirangam. There are numerous public and
private schools are available here.
Boy's higher secondary school is one of the oldest and
famous school. This school was founded in the year 1896.
Govt. Girl's higher secondary school is also an important
oldest school in Srirangam.
Sree Vaijayanthee Vidyalaya etc.
OTHER IMPORTANT PRIVATE SCHOOLS INSCHOOLS
SRIRANGAM
• Sri vageeshe Vidyashram CBSE School
• The Higher sec school for Boys
• Chinmaya Vidyalaya
• The Higher sec school for Girls
• St.James’ School
• Kalaivani Matriculation School
• Vignesh Renga Matriculation school
• Akilandeswari Vidyalaya
• Sree Vaijayanthee Vidyalaya
• Government College Of Engineering Srirangam COLLEGES
• Cauvery College For Women
• Mass College Of Education
• Ramaswami College
• St.Joseph’s College

National Law School

Navalurkuttapattu Village, Srirangam
HERITAGE
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
Sri RanganathaswamyTemple: The Temple of Sri Ranganathaswamy is
located at five km. north of Srirangam. This Temple is also known as
Thiruvaranga Tirupati, Periyakoil, Bhoologa Vaikundam, Bhogamandabam.
It is one of the eight Swayambu Kshetras of Lord Vishnu, where the
presiding deity is believed to have self-manifested. The Temple is one of
the Pancharanga Kshetrams, which means, group of five sacred Hindu
Temples, dedicated to Ranganatha, a form of the Lord Vishnu, on the
banks of the Cauvery River. It is also considered the first and foremost
among the 108 Divya Desams. It was sanctified by eleven of the twelve
Alwars with the exception of Madurakavi Alwar, with 247 pasurams, sung
in praise of Sri Ranganathar. A number of them lived here and
worshipped at the feet of the Lord and among them Kulasekhara Alwar,
Tirumangai Mannan or Alinadan and Andal were prominent. Ramanuja
was the spiritual and administrative head of this Temple, for a number of
years. It was constructed in the Dravidian style of architecture. It belongs
to the uttamottama class of temples, as it has full complement of seven
prakaras, running around the garbhagraha and in additions, has separate
subsidiary shrines, for all the minor parivaradevatas, as prescribed in the
agamas”.
SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE

ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SRIRANGAM SRI

RANGANATHA SWAMI TEMPLE:
Srirangam was called Vellithirumutha Gramam, in ancient
times. At present, it is called Srirangam and Thiruvarangam
in Tamil. Srirangam is located in Srirangam Taluk and
Tiruchirapalli District, in Tamil Nadu. It is an island, bounded
by Cauvery River on one side, and Kollidam (Coleroon) on
the other side. This Island is called Thirunavelantheevu, also
called Antharangam, meaning the last part of the heaven.
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
The Temple is situated in an area of 156 acres, with a perimeter of 4116m. It comprises 3072 X 2520 feet length and breadth. It
is one of the largest temples in India and the largest religious edifice in the world. It is enclosed with seven prakaras and the
outermost Prakara is known as Adaiavalainjan. It takes a functional name, an encircling space. These prakaras are formed by
thick and huge rampart walls, with a total length of 32,952 feet or over six miles, which run round the garbhagraha. The space
within the outer two prakarams (outer courtyard) is occupied by several shops, restaurants and flower stalls. It has 21
magnificent gopurams, in all prakaras, among which 236 feet of Rajagopuram (the main gateway) is the second largest temple
gopuram (Temple Tower) in Asia. 39 pavilions, fifty five shrines and Ayiram kaal mandapam are its other features. Chandra
Pushkarni is the temple tirtha (holy water) and Punnai Tree is its Talavriksha.

Fresco and Mural Paintings: The walls of the Temple Complex are painted with exquisite paintings, using herbal and vegetable
dyes. They speak volumes about the culture and tradition followed in those times. The figures of gods and goddesses tell us
stories and teach us morals. The highend technologies, used in these paintings, ensured a long life for these paintings and they
pose a tough challenge to reproduce them in these modern days.
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
ARCHITECTURE:
The garbhagraha measures 240 feet in length and 180 feet in breadth. It is circular in shape and it is surmounted by
the “Sriranga Vimana’, with the representation of Para-vasudeva, which is gold plated. It has been recently
renovated.16 The presiding deity, Sri Ranganatha Perumal, reclines on Adisesha (the coiled serpent), facing towards
south, in pujanga sayana posture. Images of Vibhishana, Brahma, Hanuman, Garuda, the symbols of Vishnu–conch
and discuss, are seen inside the garbhagraha. The garbhagraha is followed by mukhamandapa and it is preceded by
mahamandapa. There is a circumambulatory passage, around the garbhagraha. The image of Chakrathalwar is
sculpted with Narasimha on the rear side and can be viewed from the passage around the garbhagraha. The Vimana
(shrine over the garbhagraha) called the Ranga vimana, is shaped like omkara (om symbol) and it is plated with gold.
The outer portion of the vimana and attached mandapa (hall), have finely worked pilasters, with fluted shafts,
double capitals and pendant lotus brackets. Sculptures are placed in the niches of three sides of the sanctuary walls
and maidens embellish the walls in between. The elevation is punctuated with secondary set of pilasters that
support shallow eaves, at different levels, to cap larger and smaller recesses. The garbhagraha is crowned in the
traditional fashion, with a hemispherical roof. The double-curved eaves of the entrance porch on the east side, are
concealed in a later columned hall. The Temple in the present form and structure, belongs to the reign of Kulottunga
– I.17 There is a separate shrine dedicated to Ranganayaki Amman is in the second precinct of the Temple. The
common reference to the goddess is padi thaanda pathni, meaning lady who did not cross the boundaries of ethics.
Literally, the festival deity of Ranganayaki also never comes out of the Shrine and it is Ranganthar who visits
Ranganayaki. There are three images of Ranganayaki, within the garbhagraha.
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
SHRINES OF SRIRANGAM TEMPLE:
Apart from the presiding deity, Lord Ranganathar, the Temple complex comprises of many other shrines and sub-shrines,
embellished with different incarnations of Vishnu, including Chakkarathalwar, Narashima, Rama, Haygriva and Golapa Krishna.
The Chakrathazhwar Shrine is in the East, facing on the south side of Akalanka precinct. Dhanvantri, a great physician of
Ancient India, is considered to be an avatar of Vishnu and there is a separate Shrine of Dhanvantari, within the Temple. The
Venugopala Shrine, in the southwest corner of the Fourth Prakara of the Temple, is the work of Chokkanatha Nayak.
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
MANDAPAS:
THOUSAND PILLARED MANDAPA: There are many mandapams in
Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple. One of the finest is Thousand
Pillared Mandapa and it is a fine example of a planned theatre-
like structure. In front of the Thousand Pillared Mandapa is a
smaller hall called “Seshagiri Mandapa” in which there are some
fine carvings in stone. The 1000 Pillared Hall is made of granite
and constructed in the Vijayanagar period (1336–1565), on the
site of the old temple. Actually, there are only 953 pillars.
Some pillars of the Thousand Pillared Mandapa contain Tamil
inscriptions. Namperumal Thirumani Mandapam is the special
miniature mandapa, located in the majestic hall (thousand
pillared mandapa) carved with chariots drawn by riding horse on
either side. The Hall is supported by many pillars of different
styles.
In the year 2014-15, Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeological have excavated the north western corner of the Thousand
Pillared Mandapa that exposes the adhisthana portion (basement) of the mandapa. Adistana portion consists of kapota, padma,
kanta, virutha, kumuda and upana. The adistana portion is embellished with sculptures in dancing posture, musicians and war
scenes. The northwestern corner of the thousand pillared mandapa has an entrance, decorated with elephants on either side.
Elephants are carved with beautiful ornamentation. Two human sculptures are seen at front and back of elephants, riding the
horses. The man at front holds the tusk of the elephant while the man at the back, pushes the elephant with ankusha.
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE

Sesharayar or Seshagiri Mandapam (Horse Court):

The “horse–court” of the Ranganatha Temple, at Srirangam, belongs to the
Late Vijayanagara Period, representing the culmination of this extravagant
style in the Sixteenth Century. It is a case of prefect specimen of the rearing
horse motif. The steeds, nearly nine feet high, are ferocious beasts, rearing
aggressively and beneath their raised hoofs is a composite statutory of
soldiers, with swords and extended shields. Pillars exhibit the skill of the
Dravidian craftsman, turning fantastic and bizarre statuary. The technique of
chiseling employed on the pillars of the horse-court is remarkable, for the
metallic finish it has given them.19 The Hall is celebrated for the 40 leaping
animals, carved on to the piers, at its northern end. The Sesharayar mandapa
consists of monolithic pillars, with sculptures of wild horses, bearing riders on
their backs, trampling with their hoofs, heads of rampant tigers.
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
GARUDA MANDAPA: The Hall of the legendary bird deity of Vishnu, (Garuda) located on the south side of the third Prakara, is
another Vijayanagara addition. Courtly portrait sculptures, reused from an earlier structure, are fixed to the piers lining the
central aisle. A free-standing shrine inside the hall contains a large seated figure of garuda and the eagle-headed god faces
north towards the principal garbhagraha.

KILI MANDAPA (HALL OF PARROT): The Kili mandapa is located, next to the Ranganatha Shrine, in the First Prakara of the
Temple. Elephant balustrades skirt the access steps that ascend to a spacious open area. This is bounded by decorated piers
with rearing animals and attached colonists, in the finest 17th century manner. Four columns in the middle define a raised dais
and their shafts are embellished with undulating stalks.20
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
THE RANGA VILASA MANDAPAM: The Ranga Vilasa mandapam is a huge one, where the weary devotee may rest for
a while and watch others haggle and purchase items for rituals. The Ranga Vilasa mandapa carries the sculptures of
Ramayana and exquisite murals.

PRAKARA:
FIRST PRAKARA: The devotees at last reach the First Prakara
(Isthayalogam) called Dharmavarama Prakara, which is decorated with
Thiruanugan Thiruvasal (gopura).21 There is only one entry, guarded by
dwarapalakas, named Iyyan and Vijayan, by a gate in its southern part.
The southwest is packed with storerooms. Large mirrors have been
placed in the corners, to reflect the statue of the god when it is reflected
from the sanctum. Adhivaraha Shrine, Visvasena Shrine, Yoga Narashima
Shrine, Durgai Shrine are located in this prakara.
SECOND PRAKARA: The Second Prakara (Thapologam), also called Rajamahendran Prakara, is adorned with Nazhikettan Vassal
(gopura) and either side is guarded by two dwarapalakans, such as Pathran and Subathran. The images of Sankhanidhi and
Padmanidhi, Yagasala and the Tondaiman Mandapa, whose ceiling is decorated with paintings of figures, are featured in this
mandapa. Apart from these, it also contains two Mandapas-Revathi Mandapa and Kili Mandapa. Shrines of Senai Mudaliyar,
Chera Kula Valli Shrine, Thulukku Nachchiyar Shrine are also accommodated in this prakara.
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
THIRD PRAKARA: The Third Prakara (Janalogam), also called the Kulasekara prakara, is guarded on either side by
dwarapalakans. It has the Karthikai Vasal (gopura). Pavithrothsava mandapa and Dolosthawa mandapa are found in this
prakara. Shrines dedicated to Haygriva, Sarawathi, Dasamurthi, Kali Devi and Varahamurthi are parked in this prakara. Apart
from these shrines and mandapas, the third prakara also contains images of Anjaneya, balipitha, dwajasthamba and
paramapathavasal.
FOURTH PRAKARA: The Fourth Prakara (Maharlogam), also known as the Aalinattan prakara, is decorated with
Karthigaigopura vaasal (gopura). Dwarapalakis such as Ganga and Yamuna adorn the entrance. This prakara has enshrined
Venukannan Shrine, Melapattabiraman Shrine, Nammalwar Shrine, Mathurakavialwar Shrine, Thirumangaialwar Shrine,
Danvantri Shrine, Sandana Gopalakrishnan Shrine, Vasudevaperumal Shrine, Vyasa Maharishi Shrine, Varaha Perumal
Shrine, Varadharaja Perumal Shrine, Kothanda Perumal Shrine, Paramapathanathan Shrine, Keelapattabiramar Shrine,
Sreenivasar Bojaramar Shrine, Kannan Shrine, Thirumalzhisai Alwar, Srikachchi Nambi Shrine, Alavanthar Shrine, Srivarathar
Shrine, Garudalwar Shrine and Paraman Mandapa. Sacred tanks like Chandrapushkarani, Suriya Pushkarni and
Sthalaviriksha Tree, named Punnai Tree, are seen in this prakara.
FIFTH PRAKARA: The Fifth Prakara (Sarvalogam), also named the Akalangan prakara, is guarded on either by
Darmaathyashan and Neeyantha dwarapalakas. The Fifth Prakara features shrines dedicated for Andal, Shrine of Venu
Gopalan, Shrine of Chakarathalwar, Shrine of Sriranganachchiyar, Amudhakalasa Garudan, Kamparamayana Aranketra
mandapa, Shrine of Alakiya Singaperumal, Shrine of Vasudeva Perumal, Thousand Pillared Mandapa, Sheshya Mandapa,
shrine of Kothandaraman, Shrine of Pillai Lokachariyar, Parthasarathy, Shrine of Udaiyavar, Shrine of Thirupanthalwar,
Shrine of Vittal Krishnan, Shrine of Thondaradipodi Alwar, Shrine of Kurathalwar, Thiruvanthikappumandapam, balipitha,
Dwajasthampam and Anjaneya Mandapa.
 SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
SIXTH PRAKARA: The Sixth Prakara (Poovarlogam), called the Thiruvikraman prakara, is embellished with dwarapalakans,
on either side named as Chakaram and Sangam. It contains Manavala Mamunigal Shrine in the Chola Style. It also hosues
Uttamanambi Shrine, Budhakottam Swami Shrine, Embar Shrine, Sri Ranga Swamy Iyyar Mutt, Bhattar Shrine, Ahabila
Mutt, Anjaneya Temple and Ananswami Shrine.

SEVENTH PRAKARA: This prakara is called the Adaiyavalaintan prakara because it is enclosed itself with another prakara.
This prakara is connected with the Raja Gopuram.
The Seventh Prakara also known by the name of Chithirai Thiruveethi, Rajaveethi, Therodum Veethi is protected by
dwarapalakans, named, Pooranan and Pushkarnan. The south west corner is adorned with Andal Shrine, also called
Veliandal Shrine, built by King Vallabha Deva. This prakara also has Srivanamamalai Mutt and Mathvaal Mutt. It also
embellished with shrines and halls like Anjaneya Shrine, Haygriva Shrine, Thirumaligai of Pavanasar, Thaathachchar,
Iyyanar, Chithiraidevar, Periyanambi and Kuathalwar etc.

TEMPLE TIRTHA: Water Harvesting Systems (Temple Tanks): The Temple Complex has two large temple tanks, called
Chandra Pushkarini and Surya Pushkarini. The Complex has been built in such a way that all the water collected, flows into
the tanks. The capacity of each Pushkarini is around two million litres and the water is cleaned by the action of fishes
floating in it. Apart from these tanks, there are 10 more temple tanks, around Srirangam, that come under the control and
management of the Temple. Open sand beds and Nandavanams (Flower Gardens) help in absorbing the rain water.
SRI RANGANATHASWAMY TEMPLE
URBAN LANDSCAPE
&
OPEN SPACES
 BUTTERFLY PARK, SRIRANGAM

Butterfly Park is butterfly conservatory located in

Srirangam Town in Trichy District of Tamilnadu. The
butterfly park is in a serene location between the banks
of rivers Cauvery and Kollidam near Srirangam. This Park
is considered as one of the biggest butterfly parks in
Asia. The park spreads over 35 acres and built at a cost of
approximately 8 crores. It is exactly situated near river
bank of Cauvery near Melur, Srirangam. There is no
public or private transport available after Melur.

Butterfly Park is located at about 400

meters from Melur, 7 Kms from Srirangam
Ranganathar Temple, 7 Kms from
Srirangam Railway Station, 10 Kms from
Trichy Chatram Bus Stand, 15 Kms from
Trichy Central Bus Stand, 16 Kms from
Trichy Railway Station, 16 Kms from Trichy
and 20 Kms from Trichy Airport.
This park has beautiful garden, fountain, largest butterfly
glass house, fountain and hut to take rest and have food. The
park also had a 1.2-km walkway for the visitors. The garden is
full of nectar flowers and host plants to attract butterflies. A
big blue tiger butterfly sculpture can be seen at entrance in
the lawn. The garden has fountains, artificial ponds,
suspended bridges, butterfly houses, sculptures of
caterpillars, butterflies to attract many visitors.

The park also includes a 'Nakshatra Vanam', or a collection of trees that corresponds to the
zodiac signs and stars in Indian astrology. This park features 27 tree or plant species
corresponding to 27 stars of the Hindu almanac and 12 tree or plant species corresponding
to the zodiac signs. Visitor can plant a tree at free of cost according to their sign.
VISUALS
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