EFFECTS OF IMPROPER

WASTE DISPOSAL TO THE

BIODIVERSITY OF
LIPADAS, ALLEGRE RIVER
 CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
• Background of the Study
Imbalanced biodiversity or depletion of certain species of plants or animals in an area or on
the whole planet are attributed to pollution due to dumping, climate change, and deforestation.
All of these environmental issues can occur as a chain of events.Despite the governmental actions
regarding these severe issues,the loss of biodiversity of rivers are not yet recovered.
On January 30th, 2000 a dam of a tailing lagune at a gold mine close to Baia Mare, north-
western Roumania broke and washed 100.000 m3 stored waste water down the Szamos stream.
The waste water, extremely contaminated with cyanides and heavy metals, arrived at the
Hungarian on Feb 2nd. The concentration of the cyanide at the border was 32 mg/l,
and diminished very slowly whereas moving down the rivers. Practically all aquatic life has been
killed within the Szamos stream and within the upper Tisza stream. “The biggest ever freshwater
disaster in Central and Eastern Europe”, 2000).
 “The alarming increase of improper disposal of solid and hazardous waste in
our country is due to a number of reasons. We find several causes of this such as:
increasing population, lack of integrated solid waste management system, lack of
environmentally sound disposal system, lack of public awareness & support and
lack of toxic/hazardous waste treatment facilities”(Plantilla, n.d).
On a local benchmark,the Interface Development Interventions (Idis) urged
the city government of Davao to strictly enforce the ecological solid waste
management in terms of garbage collection to address the growing number of
waste in the sanitary landfill that has triggered adverse impact to the public
because of the leachate that overflowed to the water bodies.Chinkee Golle, acting
executive director of Interface Development Interventions (Idis) said that the city
would not have to worry on the effect of the bulk of garbage dumped in the
sanitary landfill in New Carmen Tugbok if only the solid waste management was
implemented.( Revita,J.C. 2017,November 20)
 Statement of the Problem
The main problem of this study is to determine what are the effects of
improper waste disposal to biodiversity of Lipadas, Allegre River, Toril,
Davao city. Specifically, it attempts to achieved and answer the following
research questions and research objectives:
• The need to know the factors that leads to improper waste disposal
• The need to address the problems due to the improper waste disposal that
affects the biodiversity of Lipadas, Allegre River, Toril Davao City.
• The need to determine what are the effects of improper waste disposal to
the biodiversity of Lipadas River Allegre, Toril Davao City.
At the end of the study the researcher aims to address the following
questions;

• What are the social factors that lead to improper waste management?
• How does improper waste disposal affect the diversity of Lipadas, Allegre
River?
• What are the waste disposal practices in Lipadas, Allegre River, Toril,
Davao city that affects the biodiversity?
 CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
According to (Peter Schreck) Environmental Geology 35 (1), 66-72,
1998, The present-day landscape in Central Germany, in particular the
region of Leipzig, Halle and Bitterfeld, is characterized by the scars of
former industrial activities. Vast districts have been devastated by lignite
strip mining. Industrial and domestic waste, residues from ore smelting,
and highly toxic waste products from petrochemical plants and
pesticide production were deposited in abandoned pits near population
centers.
 The local authorities of Malay discovered the improper waste disposal of
several establishments in Brgy. Balabag in Boracay Island. Over the past few
months, Boracay has been the headlines of several local news outlets because of
the alleged violations of different business establishment in the area. Recently, the
YouTube channel UNTV News and Rescue has uploaded the video footage
revealing how the authorities of Malay discovered several discharged pipes in Brgy.
Balabag or known as the front beach of Boracay.The authorities discovered that
several establishments in the top tourist destination have violated the sanitation
code after they found the discharged pipes. The discharged pipes were allegedly
used by the establishments to transmit the polluted water down to the coastal
waters.( Jay Nelz 2018)
 Among the 182 barangays in Davao City, Barangay 23-C has the
largest number (19) of tribes such as the Christian, the Moro tribes
and the Indigenous people like the Badjaos. Badjao has been living
in the barangay for how many decades now. The mix of lack of
education, discrimination, absence of feeling of belongingness lead
to a general feeling of not caring about the communities around.
This is manifested in the garbage that teem in the waters beneath
their homes. And according to their Barangay office garbage
disposal is undoubtedly the main problem of the barangay. “The
disposal of wastes is the main problem of our Barangay especially
in the Badjao area,” Rey Cabaron, a barangay official said.
 Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
Theory Zero waste theory means defining another objective for how live on the planet—one that
expects to lessen what it junk in landfills and incinerators to zero and to reconstruct nearby economies
in help of network wellbeing, supportability, and equity.
Zero waste theory principles
1. Waste is anything unusable, unwanted and unrecyclable
2. Zero waste is a visionary goal
3. Waste must be avoided, not minimized or reduced
4. Waste is evidence of poor design
5. Utilize the precautionary principle to eliminate potential toxins
6. Adhere to the principle of highest and best use
7. Recognize and address institutional and ideological barriers
Conceptual Framework
 Significance of the Study
The outcome of the study is beneficial to the following;
• Crossing Bayabas Barangay Officials. This gives them the base line information
about how improper waste disposal lead to problems in to those residents that live near
the Purok 1 Lipadas River Allegre, Toril Davao City. This also gives them the
knowledge and awareness of monitoring the effects to the biodiversity of the river and
to the residents and provokes actions regarding this matter.
• Students. This gives them information regarding the effects of the improper waste
management to the biodiversity of rivers.It will increase awareness on to the problems
face by improper disposal of waste.
• Residents of Purok 1 Allegre, Toril Davao City. These gives them knowledge and
awareness on to how does improper disposal of waste affects the biodiversity of the
Lipadas River and how can it affect their livelihood and health. Through this, they can
think of measures on how to cope up with this certain environmental issue.
• Future researchers. They can use this research paper as a source to conduct another
study regarding the diseases of mangrove species in the same location or even to other
places as well. Through this, they can impart new knowledge and results that can help
in determining the relationship of improper disposal of waste to the biodiversity of
river.
 Scope and Limitation
This study is all about the effects of improper waste disposal and its effects to the
biodiversity of the Lipadas, Allegre River. Given this study, the researchers will conduct
this in the said location. There is a need to identify the certain effects to the biodiversity
of Lipadas river due to the improper disposal of wastes . In order to determine, the
researchers must know first the population of the residents of Purok 1 Santol St.
Manggahan Lipadas River Allegre, Toril Davao City - which is 1120 residents in total as
of the Barangay Profiling 2016 had given.
As the researchers conduct this study, certain circumstances and limitation are expected.
There is a need to closely observe and monitor the biodiversity of the river. One of the
limitations is the insufficient materials to be used such as the tools use in observing the
river. Even the information from other researches are limited because studies about the
effects of biodiversity of the Lipadas River has not yet established.
 On the other hand, through this study, the researchers can give a
benchmark information regarding the effects of improper waste disposal to
the biodiversity of the Lipadas River Allegre, Toril, Davao City. This study
can also have the opportunity to contribute in the environmental aspect – to
know what are the factors that causes the rivers to lose its biodiversity in a
certain area and to make effective solutions regarding this issue.
 Definition of Terms
• Waste- includes human feces, garbage,dead animal bodies and etc.
• Solid Waste-the useless and unwanted products in the solid state derived from the
human activities and discarded by the residents.
• Leachate-solution resulting from leaching, as
of soluble constituents from soil, landfill, etc., by downward percolating ground water.
• Pollutant mobilization-the controlled mobilization of pollutant-degrading bacteria
has been identified as a promising strategy for improving bioremediation performance.
• Salinization- River salinity; the building up of saltiness in rivers due to domestic
activities and improper waste waste disposal.
• Residents-population demography of Lipadas River Allegre, Toril Davao City; the
people that resides near the river.
 REFERENCES
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