HI WE ARE GROUP 6 !!!

IMANUEL CRISHTAFAEL TENDEAN (11219025)

ALVONZO VLIMOTE (112190026)
NILLA ASIH PRATIWI (112190027)
JIHAN FRISKIA MOKODOMPIT (112190028)
Here are ten (10) effective tips and strategies that
teachers can share with students to improve their
comprehension of a text.
1. Generate Questions
2. Read Aloud and Monitor
3. Promote Cooperative Talk
4. Attention to Text Structure
5. Take Notes or Annotate Texts
6. Use Context Clues
7. Use Graphic Organizers
8. Practice PQ4R
9. Summarizing
10. Monitor Understanding
 1. Generate Questions

A good strategy to teach all readers is that instead of just rushing

through a passage or chapter, is to pause and generate questions. These can
either be questions about what has just happened or what they think might
happen in the future. Doing this can help them focus on the main ideas and
increase the student's engagement with the material.
After reading, students can go back and write questions that could be
included in a quiz or test on the material. This will require them to look at the
information in a different manner. By asking questions in this way, students can
help the teacher correct misconceptions. This method also provides immediate
feedback.
2. Read Aloud and Monitor
While some might think of a teacher reading aloud in a secondary
classroom as an elementary practice, there is evidence that reading aloud
also benefits middle and high school students as well. Most importantly, by
reading aloud teachers can model good reading behavior.
Reading aloud to students should also include stops to check for
understanding. Teachers can demonstrate their own think-aloud or
interactive elements and focus intentionally on the meaning “within the
text,” “about the text,” and “beyond the text” (Fountas & Pinnell,
2006) These interactive elements can push students for deeper thought
around a big idea. Discussions after reading aloud can support conversations
in class that help students make critical connections.
 3. Promote Cooperative Talk

Having students stop periodically to turn and talk in

order to discuss what has just been read can reveal any issues
with understanding. Listening to students can inform instruction
and help a teacher to can reinforce what is being taught.
This is a useful strategy that can be used after a read
aloud (above) when all students have a shared experience in
listening to a text.
This kind of cooperative learning, where students learn
reading strategies reciprocally, is one of the most powerful
instructional tools.
4. Attention to Text Structure

An excellent strategy that soon becomes second nature

is to have struggling students read through all the headings and
subheadings in any chapter that they have been assigned. They
can also look at the pictures and any graphs or charts. This
information can help them gain an overview of what they will
be learning as they read the chapter.
The same attention to text structure can be applied in
reading literary works that use a story structure. Students can
use the elements in a story's structure (setting, character, plot,
etc) as a means of helping them recall story content.
5. Take Notes or Annotate Texts
Students should read with paper and pen in hand. They
can then take notes of things they predict or understand. They
can write down questions. They can create a vocabulary list of
all the highlighted words in the chapter along with any
unfamiliar terms that they need to define. Taking notes is also
helpful in preparing students for later discussions in class.
Annotations in a text, writing in the margins or
highlighting, is another powerful way to record understanding.
This strategy is ideal for handouts.
Using sticky notes can allow students to record
information from a text without damaging the text. Sticky notes
can also be removed and organized later for responses to a text.
6. Use Context Clues
Students need to use the hints that an author provides
in a text. Students may need to look at context clues, that is
a word or phrase directly before or after a word they may not
know.
Context clues may be in the form of: Roots and affixes: origin of
the word;
Contrast: recognizing how word is compared or contrasted with
another word in the sentence;
Logic: considering the rest of the sentence to understand an
unknown word;
Definition: using a provided explanation that follows the word;
Example or Illustration: literal or visual representation of the
word;
Grammar: determining how the word functions in a sentence to
better understand its meaning.
7. Use Graphic Organizers

Some students find that graphic organizers like webs

and concept maps can greatly enhance reading comprehension.
These allow students to identify areas of focus and main ideas
in a reading. By filling in this information, students can deepen
their understanding of the author's meaning.
By the time students are in grades 7-12, teachers
should allow students to decide which graphic organizer would
be most helpful to them in understanding a text. Giving
students the opportunity to generate representations of the
material is part of the reading comprehension process.
8. Practice PQ4R

This consists of four steps: Preview, Question, Read,

Reflect, Recite, and Review.
Preview has students scan the material to get an
overview. The question means that students should ask
themselves questions as they read.
The four R's have students read the material, reflect on
what has just been read, recite the major points to help learn
better, and then return to the material and see if you can
answer the questions previously asked.
This strategy works well when coupled with notes
and annotation.
9. Summarizing

As they read, students should be encouraged to stop

periodically stop their reading and summarize what they have
just read. In creating a summary, students have to integrate the
most important ideas and generalize from the text information.
They need to distill the important ideas from the unimportant
or irrelevant elements.
This practice of integrating and generalizing in the
creation of summaries make long passages more
understandable.
10. Monitor Understanding

Some students prefer to annotate, while others are

more comfortable summarizing, but all students must learn
how to be aware of how they read. They need to know how
fluently and accurate they are reading a text, but they also need
to know how they can determine their own understanding of
the materials.
They should decide which strategies are most helpful in
making meaning, and practice those strategies, adjusting the
strategies when necessary.
 How is gold mined?
Gold is mined by 4 different methods. Placer mining, hard rock mining,
byproduct mining and by processing gold ore.
Each of these categories has it's own unique methods of extracting the
gold from the surrounding materials.
In placer mining, the gold is retrieved by metal detecting, panning,
cradling, sluicing and dredging. Using gravity and water to separate the dense
gold from the other materials that surround it, this is the most common gold
mining category for amateur gold hunters.
Hard rock mining is the process of using open pit or underground
mining tunnels to retrieve the gold from the rock. This method of gold mining is
responsible for recovering most of the worlds gold supply.
Byproduct mining is related to hard rock mining in that open pit or
underground mining tunnels are used. In byproduct mining, gold is a
secondary find. The main purpose of the mining operation is the recovery of
Copper, sand, gravel or other products but significant quantities of Gold exist
to make byproduct mining a profitable venture. An example of this kind of
mining would be the Grasberg mine is Papua, Indonesia, which was developed
for extracting Copper from the earth. Though Gold is not the primary product,
this mine produces more Gold than any other mine in the world.
The final category of gold mining is the processing of Gold ore. This
method is largely becoming deprecated as the yield of Gold is often very low
and the environmental impact and costs of the operation are substantial. The
 QUESTION

a. What is the main idea of the text?

Answer : Main idea of the text is to explain about
methods of gold mining

b. What are the vocabulary contained in the text above?

Answer :
• Placer Mining
• Hard Rock Mining
• Byproduct Mining
• Processing gold ore
• Extracting
• Surrounding Materials
 QUESTION
c. What are specific facts of the text?
Answer : This text tell about 4 method thats use in gold mining
1. placer mining, the gold is retrieved by metal detecting,
panning, cradling, sluicing and dredging. Using gravity and water to
separate the dense gold from the other materials that surround it, this
is the most common gold mining category for amateur gold hunters.
2. Hard rock mining is the process of using open pit or
underground mining tunnels to retrieve the gold from the rock. This
method of gold mining is responsible for recovering most of the worlds
gold supply.
3. Byproduct mining is related to hard rock mining in that
open pit or underground mining tunnels are used. In byproduct mining,
gold is a secondary find. The main purpose of the mining operation is
the recovery of Copper, sand, gravel or other products but significant
quantities of Gold exist to make byproduct mining a profitable venture.
4. processing of Gold ore. This method is largely becoming
deprecated as the yield of Gold is often very low and the environmental
impact and costs of the operation are substantial. The Gold ore is
finely crushed rock or earth containing trace amounts of Gold which
are extracted using a chemical process.
 QUESTION
d. What are exception or error word in the text?
Answer : Placer mining, hard rock mining, byproduct mining

e. Where is the Location of information that you got?

Answer : We got the information from this link
https://www.gold-traders.co.uk/gold-information/how-is-gold-
mined.asp

f. What is Inferences in the text that you found?

Answer : We can conclude that the text tell us about 4 method of
gold mining that is Placer mining, hard rock mining, byproduct
mining and by processing gold ore, we can use the methods
according to the situation in gold mining

g. What is the references of the text?

Answer : Gold-Traders (UK) Ltd 2019. How is gold mined?.
https://www.gold-traders.co.uk/gold-information/how-is-gold-
 QUESTION

h. Paraphrased Sentences
Answer :
1. Before : Each of these categories has it's own
unique methods of extracting the gold from
the surrounding materials.
After : Each category has a different method
for removing gold from its impurities.
2. Before : In placer mining, the gold is retrieved by
metal detecting, panning,
cradling, sluicing and dredging.
After : In placer mining, the gold is recovered by
metal detecting, panning,
cradling, sluicing and dredging
 QUESTION

i. What are factual information from the text?

Answer :
- Gold is mined by 4 different methods. Placer mining, hard rock
mining, byproduct mining and by processing gold ore.
- In placer mining, the gold is retrieved by metal detecting, panning,
cradling, sluicing and dredging.
- Hard rock mining is the process of using open pit or
underground mining tunnels to retrieve the gold from the rock
- Byproduct mining is related to hard rock mining in that open pit or
underground mining tunnels are used.

j. What are rhetorical purpose of thr text?

Answer :
- How much methods that use for gold mining?
- How is the placer mining?
- What`s is the purpose of mining operation?
 TIPS TO ANSWER l
a. Main Idea
 Look for sentences that state the main idea. This sentence is usually
at the beginning of the paragraph or at the end of the paragraph, with
the main idea will cover the topic and the central point that the author
conveys.

b. Vocabulary
 Scan, then find the intended vocabulary and read the sentence that
contains the vocabulary. You can find the difficult vocabulary by
guessing it in the context of full sentences.

c. Specific Fact
 Look carefully at the text by seeing whether the event is true or not.

d. Exception
 Carefully read every word containing phrases that cannot be
interpreted.

e. Location of information
 TIPS TO ANSWER l
f. Inferences
 Read the text with skimming techniques and find the main picture
about the text. Look for choices that fit the description of the entire
text. How to answer it, try to imagine you were asked "What is the
point?" What will you answer? Such is the answer.

g. References
 read the previous sentence or phrase related to the pronoun.

h. Paraphrased Sentences
 look for sentences that can be compared to using pronouns that have the
same meaning.

i. Factual information
 Read each choice in the question, then match the sentence in the text by
using a scanning technique, i.e. by searching for the sentence that matches
that choice and checking whether the statement is true or not.

j. Rhetorical Purpose