HYDROCARBON

RESINS
BY SANTINO AND SHIV SANTHOSH
DATE: 07-09-2019
WHAT ARE
HYDROCARBONS?

A COMPOUND OF HYDROGEN
AND CARBON, SUCH AS ANY
OF THOSE WHICH ARE THE
CHIEF COMPONENTS OF
PETROLEUM AND NATURAL
GAS.
T YPES OF HYDROCARBONS

 SATURATED HYDROCARBONS

 UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS
 SATURATED HYDROCARBONS
-ALKANES
 ALKANES ARE SATURATED ORGANIC MOLECULES.

 THEY CAN BE MADE BY ADDING HYDROGEN TO UNSATURATED

ORGANIC MOLECULES.

 THEY CAN BE EXTRACTED FROM CRUDE OIL AND NATURAL GAS.

 ALKANES ARE PRIMARILY USED FOR FUELS(METHANE,PROPANE AND

OCTANE).

 THEY CAN ALSO BE USED FOR LUBRICANTS(MACHINE OIL)AND

ROAD SURFACES(BITUMEN).
BASIC TYPES OF ALKANES
TYPES OF UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS
 ALKENES

 ALKENES HAVE A DOUBLE BOND PRESENT SOMEWHERE IN

THEIR STRUCTURE

 THIS BOND CAN BE SNAPPED AND OTHER ELEMENTS

BONDED TO IT.THIS MAKES THEM QUITE HANDY.

 CREATED BY CRACKING ALKANES.

 USED AS FUELS.

 USED AS A BUILDING BLOCK FOR ALKANES,ALCOHALS AND

HALOALKANES.

 USED TO MAKE VARIOUS PLASTICS.

 ALKYNES

 ALKYNES HAVE A TRIPLE BOND IN THEM AND BEHAVE IN A VERY SIMILAR WAY TO
ALKENES EXEPT THAT THEY ARE MORE REACTIVE.

 THERE IS NO NATURAL SOURCE OF ALKYNES. THEY HAVE A DOUBLE BOND

PRESENT SOMEWHERE IN THEIR STRUCTURE.

 ALKYNES HAVE EXACTLY THE SAME TYPES OF REACTIONS AS ALKENES.

 ETHYNE(A TYPE OF ALKYNE) IS USED IN WELDING BECAUSE IT PRODUCES A LOT

OF HEAT WHEN BURNT IN PURE OXYGEN.
PROCESS OF EXTRACTING HYDROCARBON -FRACKING

 FRACKING IS THE
PROCESS OF
DRILLING DOWN
INTO THE EARTH
TO RELEASE THE
GAS INSIDE.

 FRACKING
ALLOWS TO
EXTRACT
HYDROCARBONS.
PROCESS OF EXTRACTING HYDROCARBON –FRACKING –CONTINUED…

1.Drill a well. 2. Pump in high pressured fracking fluid. 3. Fracture the shale rock.

4. Prop open the fractures. 5.Collect the natural gas. 6. Transfer the natural gas.
EFFECTS OF FRACKING

 FRACKING HAS
DEVESTATING
EFFECTS ON THE
EARTH.

 FRACKING
CAUSE DAMAGE
TO THE WATER
TABLE,
RESULTING IN
DROUGHTS IN
MANY PLACES.
EFFECTS OF FRACKING - CONTINUED…

 FRACKING CAN
ALSO CAUSE
EARTHQUAKES, DUE
TO THE INTENSE
PRESURE OF THE
WATER.
HEALTH EFFECTS OF HYDROCARBON

INHALING HYDROCARBON VAPORS CAN CAUSE HEALTH EFFECTS .

SOME HEALTH EFFECTS ARE:
 LIST OF COUNTRIES BANNED HYDRO CARBON EXTRACTION

COUNTRIES STATUS

AUSTRALIA BANNED

BULGARIA BANNED

CANADA TEMPORARILY BANNED

FRANCE BANNED

GERMANY BANNED

IRELAND PROTESTS ONGOING

NETHERLAND TEMPORARILY BANNED

TUNISIA BANNED

NEW ZEALAND PROTESTS ONGOING

SCOTLAND-UK BANNED

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BANNED IN SOME STATES

SAVE EARTH …

 WE CAN REDUCE
THE NEED OF
ALKENES/PLASTICS

 WE CAN REPLACE
PLASTIC WITH
CLOTH/PAPER

 WE CAN USE
OTHER FUELS TO
SUBSTITUTE FOR
THE HEATING
PROPERTIES OF
ALKANES.
VIDEO ABOUT FRACKING,ITS ADVANTAGES AND ITS DISADVANTAGES.
 REFERENCES

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbon

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4q0CzRzTglc

3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lr3-uGaczEc

4. https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrocarbon

5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5i5q_b9o-mw
THANK YOU