HOW A

SOCIETY
IS
ORGANIZED
SOCIETY
For you, what
is SOCIETY?
Society is an entity (existence; being) that
allows individuality yet provides space for
others individuals and groups to pursue
mutual goals or aspirations(desire, hope).

This Chapter focuses on society as a diverse

and coherent (reasonable) set of groups
and explains how it is organized,
highlighting, the particular groups
composing it.
 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY

*PRIMARY AND SECONDARY

GROUPS
*IN-GROUPS & OUT-GROUPS
* REFERENCE GROUP
 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY
You share certain similarities with your classmates, just like
individual members of society have commonalities with
other members. These similarities could be the initial basis
for individuals to be drawn together and interact more
closely. These similarities could also be the basis for the
establishment of deeper and more meaningful relationships.
Beyond the individual, groups are the smaller units that
compose society. It can be as big as the members of a
particular religious organizations or as small as a household.
Young people meet their barkadas in restaurants to catch up
with each other or play sports , go to churches together,
classmates and etc.
 SOCIAL GROUP
It is a collection of individuals
who have relations with one
another that makes them
interdependent (dependent on
each other) to some significant
degree or level.
 INTERDEPENDENCE
Is a necessary condition that exists
within social groups because it is
what enables its members to
pursue shared goals or promote
common values and principles
(concepts or ideas).
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
GROUPS
Members of society belongs to
social groups that vary (form)
not only in size but also in the
level and depth of interaction
and interdependence among
its members.
 PRIMARY GROUP
It is a small or intimate
(close), and less specialized
group whose members
engage in face-to-face and
emotions over an extended
period of time.
 SECONDARY GROUP
In contrast, are larger, less
intimate, and more specialized
groups where members engage
in an impersonal and objective-
oriented (actual position)
relationship for a limited time.
 IN-GROUPS & OUT-GROUPS
Another relevant approach in
understanding the characteristics of social
groups is the self-categorization theory. It
proposes that people’s appreciation of
their group membership is influenced by
their perception (realization) towards
people who are not members of their
groups.
 IN-GROUP
Is a group to which one
belongs and with which one
feels a sense of identity
(self, personality,
characteristic & etc.)
 OUT-GROUP
Meanwhile, is a group to which one
does not belong and to which he or
she may feel a sense of
competitiveness or hostility
(antagonism, bitterness, unkindness &
etc.)
 REFERENCE GROUPS
Is a group to which an
individual compares himself
or herself.
 NETWORKS
Refers to the structure of
relationships between
social actors or groups.