GROUP SEven

UnderSTAnding The Self Through

family planning::

THE SEXUAL
SELF
By: Justine Escote George Arcaya Ivy Lingayo Sofia Andrea Cuambot
 MEMBERS

Justine Escote Ivy Lingayo

�
George Arcaya Sofia Cuambot
 “
”””'' The behavior of a
human being in sexual
matters is often a
prototype for the whole of
DEVELOPMENT OF
SEX
CHARACTERISTICS
AND HUMAN
REPRODUCTIIVE
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N
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Development of Primary Sex

P
Characteristics and Human
Reproductive
 The development Systemsystems
of the reproductive
begins soon after fertilization of the egg
(approximately 5 weeks)

 Reproductive development continues in utero, but

there is little change in the reproductive system
between infancy and puberty
BC

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Development of the Sexual

P
Organs in the Embryo and
Fetus
 Females are considered the “fundamental” sex. All
fertilized eggs would develop into females.

 To become a male, an individual must be exposed

to the cascade of factors initiated by a single gene
on the male Y chromosome called the SRY (Sex-
determining Region of the Y chromosome)
BC

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Development of the Sexual

P
Organs in the Embryo and
 BIPOTENTIAL - theFetus
potential of the same group of
cells ( both male and female) to develop into
either the male or female gonads

 The SRY gene actively recruits other genes that

begin to develop the testes and the Leydig cells
begin to secrete testosterone soon after.
BC

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Development of the Sexual

P
Organs in the Embryo and
 Testosterone canFetus
influence tissues that are
bipotential to become male reproductive
structures

 Without testosterone, these same cells

differentiate into the clitoris.
BC

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N
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Development of the Sexual

P
Organs in the Embryo and
Fetus
BC

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N
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The Müullerian and

P
Wolffian Duct Systems
 Müllerian Duct - duct system present in the
embryo that will eventually form the internal
female reproductive structures

 Wolffian Duct - duct system present in the

embryo that will eventually form the internal male
reproductive structures
BC

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The Müullerian and Wolffian

P
Duct Systems
BC

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Secondary Sex
B

Characteristics Develop
During Puberty
 Puberty is the stage of development at which
individuals become sexually mature

 There is a swift increase in body size, a change in

shape and composition of the body, and a rapid
development of the gonads.

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Secondary Sex
B

Characteristics Develop
During Puberty
 Gonads (Sex Glands) - the reproductive organs
and the characters signaling sexual maturity

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SIGNS OF PUBERTY
B

 Male �
 Increased larynx size and deepening of the
voice
 Increased muscular development
 Growth of facial, axillary, and pubic hair, and
increased growth of body hair

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SIGNS OF PUBERTY
B

 Female �
 Deposition of fat, predominantly in breasts and
hips
 Breast development
 Broadening of the pelvis and growth of axillary
and pubic hair

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Development of the Sexual

P
Organs in the Embryo and
Fetus
 Puberty in girls usually starts between the ages of
8 and 13 and ends by around 14.

 For boys, puberty usually starts between 10 and

14, and ends by around 15 or 16.
BC

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TANNER STAGES OF PUBERTY

P
AND DEVELOPMENT
 Professor James M. Tanner
 A child development expert
 He was the first to identify the visible stages of
puberty. Today, these stages are known as the
Tanner stages or, more appropriately, sexual
maturity ratings.
BC

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 � STAGES OF PUBERTY - GIRLS �
(According to Professor James M. Tanner)

Tanner Stages Age Noticeable Changes

After the 8th

Stage 1 No noticeable physical changes
Birthday
Breast “buds” start to form;
Stage 2 9 and 11
pubic hair starts to form
Acne first appears; armpit hair
After the age
Stage 3 forms; height increases at its
12
fastest rate
 � STAGES OF PUBERTY - GIRLS �
(According to Professor James M. Tanner)

Tanner Stages Age Noticeable Changes

Stage 4 Around age 13 First period arrives

Reproductive organs and

Stage 5 Around age 15
genitals are fully developed
 � STAGES OF PUBERTY - BOYS �
(According to Professor James M. Tanner)
Tanner Stages Age Noticeable Changes

After the 9th or

Stage 1 None
10th birthday

Stage 2 Around age 11 Pubic hair starts to form

Voice begins to change or

Stage 3 Around age 13
“crack”; muscles get larger
 � STAGES OF PUBERTY - BOYS �
(According to Professor James M. Tanner)

Tanner Stages Age Noticeable Changes

Acne may appear; armpit hair

Stage 4 Around age 14
forms

Stage 5 Around age 15 Facial hair comes in

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Puberty Disorders

P
 Precocious Puberty- is when a child's body begins
changing into that of an adult (puberty) too soon. When
puberty begins before age 8 in girls and before age 9 in
boys, it is considered precocious puberty
 Sample Case: Lina Medina (see picture above)
 Gave birth to a child at age 5
 Doctors found that she already had fully mature sexual
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organs from precocious puberty

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Puberty Disorders

P
 Delayed Puberty- absence of the start of sexual maturation
at the expected time.
 Sample Case: Brandon Westfall (see picture above)
 Currently a 31-year-old man but has not yet gone
through puberty
 Doctors suggests low testosterone level affecting his
hormonal balance as one of the reasons for his condition
BC

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The Human
B

 The Reproductive System

reproductive system is necessary for the
production of new living organisms

 The primary function of the reproductive system is

to produce male and female sex cells and to
ensure the growth and development of offspring

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The Human
B

Reproductive
 Primary System
Reproductive Structure/Organs
 gonads (ovaries and testes)
 produces gametes (sperm and egg cells)

 Secondary reproductive structure/organs

includes other reproductive organs

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The Male Reproductive
B

System

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The Male Reproductive
B

 Penis -Main organSystem
involved in sexual intercourse.
This organ is composed of erectile
tissue, connective tissue, and skin.

 Testes - Male primary reproductive structures that

produce male gametes (sperm) and sex hormones.

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The Male Reproductive
B

System
 Scrotum - External pouch of skin that contains the
testes.
 Epididymis - Its function is to develop immature
sperm and to house mature sperm.
 Ductus Deferens or Vas Deferens - provides a
pathway for sperm to travel from the epididymis to
the urethra

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The Male Reproductive
B

 Ejaculatory Duct - System

Duct formed from the union of
the ductus deferens and seminal vesicles. Each
ejaculatory duct empties into the urethra.
 Urethra - Tube that extends from the urinary
bladder through the penis.
 Seminal Vesicles - Glands that produce fluid to
nurture and provide energy for sperm cells.

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The Male Reproductive
B

 Prostate Gland - System

Gland that produces a milky,
alkaline fluid which increases sperm motility.

 Bulbourethral or Cowper's Glands - these glands

secrete an alkaline fluid which helps to neutralize
acidity from urine in the urethra and acidity in the
vagina

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The Female
B

Reproductive System

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The Female
B

Reproductive
 Labia System
majora - Larger lip-like external structures
that cover and protect sexual structures.
 Labia minora - Smaller lip-like external structures
found inside the labia majora. They provide
protection for the clitoris and for the urethra and
vaginal openings.

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The Female
B

Reproductive
 Clitoris - It contains thousands System
of sensory nerve
endings and responds to sexual stimulation.

 Vagina - Fibrous, muscular canal leading from the

cervix (opening of the uterus) to the external
portion of the genital canal.

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The Female
B

Reproductive
 Uterus - System
Also called the womb, the uterus is where
a developing fetus resides during pregnancy.

 Fallopian tubes - Uterine tubes which transport egg

cells from the ovaries to the uterus. Fertilization
typically occurs in these tubes.

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The Female
B

Reproductive System
 Ovaries - Female primary reproductive structures
that produce gametes and sex hormones. There is
one ovary on each side of the uterus

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SEXUAL AROUSAL
AND EROGENOUS
ZONES
WHAT TURNS
PEOPLE ON
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Sexual Arousal and
B

Erogenous Zones”: What

Turns People On
 An erogenous zone is an area of the human body
that has heightened sensitivity, which, when
stimulated, may create a sexual response such as
relaxation, thoughts of sexual fantasies, sexual
arousal and orgasm.

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Sexual Arousal and
B

Erogenous Zones”: What

Turns People On
 The word erogenous comes from the Greek eros
which means love, and the English genous,
meaning producing.

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B

Types of Erogenous Zones

Primary Secondary Potential

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Sexual Arousal and
B

Erogenous Zones”: What

Turns
 Primary zones – People
The most well-knownOn
zones include
areas of the body that contain dense concentrations of
nerve endings.
 generally include the genitals, buttocks, anus,
perineum, breasts, inner surfaces of the thighs,
armpits, navel, neck, ears , and the mouth (lips,
tongue, and the entire oral cavity)

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Sexual Arousal and
B

Erogenous Zones”: What

Turns People On
 Secondary zones – These are areas of the body that
have become erotically sensitive through learning and
experience.
 The secondary zones heighten arousal of the
primary zones but aren’t necessarily needed to
reach orgasm.

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Sexual Arousal and
B

Erogenous Zones”: What

Turns People On
 Potential zones – The goal of the potential erogenous
zones is to find areas of the body that, when touched,
trigger a series of exciting sensations.

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Sexual Arousal and
B

Erogenous Zones”: What

Turns People On
 Erogenous zones can change and evolve throughout
the lifespan.
 Potential zones vary from individual to individual and
they differ in intensity and location.

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THE PHASES OF
SEXUAL
RESPONSE
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The Phases of Sexual

P
Response
(WILLIAM MASTERS AND VIRGINIAJOHNSON'S SEXUAL RESPONSE
EXCITEMENT –- CYCLE - 1966)
the first physical response to sexual
arousal

- lasts from one minute to several hours

PLATEAU – - the point of sexual excitement after

the orgasm
BC

- changes in the body continue

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The Phases of Sexual

P
ORGASM
Response
- refers to the waves of intense
(WILLIAM MASTERS AND VIRGINIAJOHNSON'S SEXUAL RESPONSE
pleasure CYCLEwith
associated - 1966)
vaginal contractions
and ejaculation

RESOLUTION - the body return to its non-excited

state
- in men: lost of erection, decreased
BC

testicle size, skin of scrotum thins again

- in women: clitoris and vagina return 4
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ATTRACTION
LOVE
AND
ATTACHMENT
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Attraction, Love, and
B

Attachment
ATTRACTION:
attributes that causes
pleasure by appealing
to a person’s desires.
Criteria of beauty are
subjective and diverse
in different culture

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Attraction, Love, and
B

LOVE:
Attachment
Robert Palmer
compares love with
addiction. Early
passionate love is not an
emotion but rather
“motivation” that lead
to euphoria or anxiety

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PHASES OF ROMANTIC
B

LOVE
 LUST PHASE — perceive as an deep craving for sexual
contact. Androgen and estrogen, Pheromones and the
senses are the hormones and the neural pathways
involved.

 ATTRACTION PHASE – couples are infatuated and

pursue relationship.

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PHASES OF ROMANTIC
B

LOVE
 ATTACHMENT PHASE – A long term bond that creates
security, comfort, and emotional union between
partners.

 LOVE can also be the concern for other’s well being;

desires for physical presence and emotional support.

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B

JOHN ALAN LEE’'s

LOVE STYLES
 EROS (eh-ros) – Love that has strong sexual and
emotional component that quickly fades since it
emphasizes physical attraction and sexual desire.

 AGAPE (ah-gah-pay) – selfless love that doesn’t

expect love in return. They value partner more than
themselves.

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JOHN ALAN LEE’'s
B

LOVE STYLES
 STORGE (store-gay) – Love-related friendship,
perceives love as a slow process and don’t suddenly
fall in love.
 LUDUS – Love is just a game, fun or entertainment.
They don’t value relationship.
 MANIA – Obsessive and possessive love due to intense
feeling.

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THE TRIANGULAR THEORY
B

OF LOVE
� (ROBERT STENBERG) �

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THE TRIANGULAR THEORY
B

OF LOVE
❤ (ROBERT STENBERG) ❤
 INTIMACY – desire to give and receive emotional
closeness, support, caring and sharing.
 PASSION – hot component of love that can be deeply
romantic or a sexual desire for other person.
 COMMITMENT – cold component of love. The choice to
continue relationship in good or in bad times.

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TYPES OF LOVE BASED
B

ON THE �
TRIANGULAR
 LIKING (INTIMACY) – refers toTHEORY OF
the emotional intimacy
and has no intentionLOVE � commitment, a
for long lasting
friendly relationship.

 INFATUATION (PASSION) – “ Love at first sight.” High

degree of psychological arousal and it’s passion without
intimacy or commitment.

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TYPES OF LOVE BASED ON
B

THE ❤ TRIANGULAR
 EMPTY THEORY OF LOVE
LOVE (COMMITMENT) – Couples❤continue
relationship because of their child or other important
reasons or commitment.

 ROMANTIC LOVE (PASSION AND INTIMACY) – can

be present during the first phase of a relationship. This
involves emotional intensity and sexual excitement.

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TYPES OF LOVE BASED
B

ON THE �
TRIANGULAR THEORY
 COMPANIONATE LOVE (INTIMACY AND COMMITMENT)
OF
LOVE �
-passion has already faded. This is experienced in a long
deep friendship or marriage.
 FATUOUS LOVE (PASSION AND COMMITMENT) – usually
happens when couples get married in a short period of
courtship.
 CONSUMMATE LOVE (PASSION,
INTIMACY,COMMITMENT) – ideal for relationships because
there is a balance in the three components.

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THE CHEMISTRY
B

 People fall
OF LOVE
in love due to the part of the brain from a
biological perspective. Areas in the brain on positive
emotion increases while negative emotion decreases.

 Hormones that affect bonding are oxytocin (for uterine

contraction, love and bonding functions) and vasopressin
for water levels in the body, bonding and parenting behavior.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
B

WHY PEOPLE FALL IN LOVE

 BEHAVIORAL REINFORCEMENT THEORY – when a person
received a reward and felt gratified, the behavior will be
repeated.
 PSYCHOLOGICAL AROUSAL THEORY – when the body
experiences psychological change, people assign emotion to
that sensation.
 EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES – Love happens when it’s
someone's sociobiological need.

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FACTORS THAT DETERMINE
B

WHY PEOPLE FALL IN LOVE:

 Physical Attractiveness

 Reciprocity

 Proximity

 Similarities

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 SEXUAL
ORIENTATION
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Diversity of Sexual

P
Behavior
 ADOLESCENCE – point of increased sexual
behavior that may lead to poor social judgments.

 HUMAN SEXUAL BEHAVIOR – Activities that

includes sexual arousal but not all sexual arousal
could lead to sexual activity.
BC

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Diversity of Sexual

P
Behavior
 SEXUAL STIMULI –
increases when people are
exposed to advertisements
with sexual themes. It
should be regulated and
must act the proper
BC

behavior.

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SEXUAL STIMULI

P
 SOCIOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR – involves more than one
person expressed through heterosexual and
homosexual behavior.

 SOLITARY BEHAVIOR – involves only one individual by

means of masturbation. Children may masturbate at
young until it will be repressed. It relieves stress and
BC

lowers blood pressure.

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SEXUAL STIMULI

P
 During the Sexual Revolution on 1960’s,
masturbation becomes more accepted.

 EROTIC DREAMS – involuntary images when sleeping

that can cause nocturnal emission or wet dreams. The
less a man masturbates, more wet dreams occur.
BC

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SEXUAL ORIENTATION

P
 SEXUAL ORIENTATION – One’s inclination regarding
sexual behavior and emotional attachment to individual
or both sexes.

 It is preferred over ‘Sexual Preferences’ which

means deliberate choice of sexual partner.
BC

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TYPES OF

P
SEXUAL ORIENTATION
 HOMOSEXUALS – person that the sexual orientation is
to another same sex.
LESBIANS – Woman that is sexually attracted to
women.
GAY – Man that is sexually attracted to men.
BC

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TYPES OF

P
SEXUAL ORIENTATION
 HETEROSEXUAL – Sexual orientation is toward other
opposite sex.
 BISEXUAL – Person who may be sexually attracted to
both men and women.
PANSEXUAL –Attracted to people regardless of sex.
ASEXUAL – Someone who does not experience sexual
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attraction.
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TYPES OF

P
SEXUAL ORIENTATION
 TRANSEXUAL – Large spectrum of individuals who
transiently identify with gender different from their
natural gender. Transexuals are people that undergone
social transition. People suffers from gender dysphoria
or there’s distress between one’s expressed and
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assigned gender.

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 SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED
INFECTIONS and
EARLY
PREGNANCY
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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

 Sexually
Pregnancy
Transmitted Infections/ Sexually
Transmitted Diseases (STIs/STDs) are sexually
transmitted diseases.
 This means they are most often -- but not exclusively --
spread by sexual intercourse.

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

Pregnancy
 HIV/AIDS — Human Immunodeficiency Virus or Acquired
Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV can destroy and attack
CD4 (TCELLS) that defenses tuberculosis and pnuemonia and
cancer. It can lead to AIDS if not treated properly
 Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) are used to prevent HIV from
replicating but it’s not a cure.

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

Pregnancy
 GENITAL HERPES — Caused by a large family of viruses that
also causes Chicken Pox.

 GENITAL WARTS — It is caused by Hunan papillomavirus.

Most dominant in United States from 15-24 age group.

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

Pregnancy
 GONORRHEA — Caused by Bacterium Neisseria gonorroheae.
Male can have prostate and kidney problems while female
can have infertility.

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

 SYPHILIS —
Pregnancy
Caused by Treponema pallidum. It can be
developed in primary (Chancre Sores), secondary (General
Skin Rashes Occur), latent (can last years), and tertiary (can
cause death and numerous illnesses).
 CHLAMYDIA (CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS) — spreads through
sexual contacts and infects organs. Females with this
infection are asymptomatic.

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

Pregnancy

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

Pregnancy
 According to a report by UNAIDS (an organization aiming to
end AIDS), in 2017, the Philippines has registered the
fastest-growing HIV/AIDS epidemic in the Asia-Pacific.
 the total number of reported HIV cases in the Philippines
from January 1984 to 2018 is 58,181.

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

Pregnancy
 Adolescent pregnancies/ teenage pregnancies are a global
problem that occurs in high, middle, and low income
countries. Around the world, adolescent pregnancies are
more likely to occur in communities commonly driven by
poverty and lack of education and employment
opportunities.

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

Pregnancy
23,000,000
Girls aged 15 to 19 years in developing
regions have an unmet need for
modern contraception.

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Sexually Transmitted
B

Infections and Early

 According Pregnancy
to the World Health Organization (WHO),
pregnancy and childbirth complications are the leading
cause of death among 15 to 19 year-old girls globally
 Every year, some 3.9 million girls aged 15 to 19 years
undergo unsafe abortions.

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 METHODS OF
CONTRACEPTION
and the
Reproductive
Health LAW
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Methods of Contraception

P
and the Reproductive
Health Law
 ANGELICAN CHURCHES — Allows the use of birth control
(1930).
 Other religion including Catholic condemn the use of
contraceptives which are medicines or devices to prevents
pregnancy.
BC

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HORMONAL METHOD OF

P
CONTRACEPTION
 ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES (PILLS) — Regular oral
contraceptives. Contain estrogen and progestogen or
Progestin.
 THE PATCH — Small patch that will stick on skin and releases
estrogen and progestogen.
 THE RING — It is a tiny plastic ring that woman inserts to
BC

their vagina that also stops ovulation.

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HORMONAL METHOD OF

P
CONTRACEPTION
 IMPLANT — Releases hormone progestogen but it is a small
flexible rod placed under the skin by professionals.
 EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIONS – protects against pregnancy
after unprotected sex occurred
 INJECTIBLE —An injection with long reversible contraception.
BC

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BARRIER METHODS

P
 DIAPHRAGM — It is used to cover the cervix and it is made
from latex and used with spermcide.

 CERVICAL CAPS — made of silicone and it is used to cover

cervix like diaphragm

 CONDOMS — Condoms is a thin latex put over the penis.

BC

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BEHAVIORAL METHOD

P
 RYTHM OR CALENDAR METHOD — It is a way of identifying
most fertile and infertile times of a woman.
 ABSTINENCE OR CELIBACY – they avoid sexual intercourse.
 OUTERCOURSE – does not include the insertion of penis to
vagina.
 WITHDRAWAL – a man removes his penis and ejaculates
outside the body of woman.
BC

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SURGICAL METHOD

P
 TUBAL LIGATION/STERILIZATION – the fallopian tubes are tied
to prevent egg to travel to the uterus.
 VASECTOMY – the vas deferens was blocked through an
operation.
 INTRAUTERINE DEVICE (IUD) – small device that is placed in
the uterus.
BC

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REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

P
LAW
 The Philippine Congress enacted Republic Act No. 10354 on
December 18, 2012.
 Three days later, it was signed into law by the President of
the Philippines. It is commonly known as the Reproductive
Health (RH) Law.
 It is also called the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive
BC

Health Act of 2012.

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REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

P
LAW
 RH Law guarantees universal access to medically-safe, non-
abortifacient, effective, legal, affordable, and quality
reproductive health care services, methods, devices,
supplies and relevant information and education.
BC

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ELEMENTS OF THE

P
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
1. Family planning information and services;
LAW
2. Maternal, infant and child health and nutrition, including
breast feeding;
3. Prevention of abortion and management of post-abortion
complications;
4. Adolescent and youth reproductive health guidance and
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counseling;

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N
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ELEMENTS OF THE

P
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
5. Prevention and management of reproductive tract infections
LAW
(RTIs), HIV/AIDS and sexually transmittable infections (STIs);
6. Elimination of violence against women and children and
other forms of sexual and gender-based violence;
7. Education and counselling on sexuality and reproductive
health;
BC

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ELEMENTS OF THE

P
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
8. Treatment of breast and reproductive tract cancers and other
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gynecologic conditions and disorders;
9. Male responsibility and involvement and men’s RH;
10. Prevention, treatment and management of infertility and
sexual dysfunction;
11. RH education for the adolescents; and Mental health aspect
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of reproductive health care.

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RH LAW PROVIDES

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1. Midwives for skilled birth attendance 
FOR:
2. Emergency obstetric care
3. Hospital-based family planning
4. Contraceptives as essential medicines
5. Reproductive Health education
6. Employers’ responsibilities
7. Capability building of community-based volunteer workers
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REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

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 Almost
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childbearing compared with only 3 percent of those who had
began

attended college or higher. The pregnancy rate among teen-

aged girls rose from 39 per 1,000 women in 2006 to 54 more
recently.
 Parents, who were able to space their children and achieve
their desired number, were also more likely to bear the full
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cost of raising, educating and keeping them healthy. 

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REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

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8 out of 10
ADULT FILIPINOS FAVORED A
PASSAGE OF RH BILL (2011)
83%
AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE IN
MANILA AGED 15 TO 19
AGREED THAT THERE
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SHOULD BE A RH LAW
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 Big concept
The Sexual Self is an integral part
of our understanding of ourselves
and has a direct correlation with
family planning
THANKS!!
GROUP 7
Justine Escote
George Arcaya
Ivy Lingayo
Andrea Cuambot
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ONLINE LINKS REFERENCES

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 https://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/guide/sexual-health-your-guide-to-sexual-
response-cycle#1

 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-ap2/chapter/development-of-the-male-and-
female-reproductive-systems/

 https://www.britannica.com/science/human-development/Development-of-the-
reproductive-organs-and-secondary-sex-characteristics

 https://www.healthline.com/health/parenting/stages-of-puberty#tanner-stage-2

 https://www.girlshealth.gov/body/puberty/timing.html
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 https://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/09/24/lina-medina/

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REFERENCES
 https://www.thoughtco.com/reproductive-system-373583

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 https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/love-sex/the-lesser-known-erogenous-zones-
and-how-to-find-them-10419267.html

 https://sexologyinternational.com/erogenous-zones/

 https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/sexual-orientation-types-of-sexualities

 https://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/about/index.htm

 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy

 https://www.unaids.org/en/whoweare/about

 https://asean-endocrinejournal.org/index.php/JAFES/article/view/48/471
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 http://www.rappler.com/nation/special-coverage/rh-bill-debate/17336-ncr-youths-in-
favor-of-rh-bill
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REFERENCES

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 https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/countries-with-the-highest-rates-of-hiv-aids.html

 http://www.who.int/pmnch/media/news/2013/20130107_philippines_reproductive_health
_law/en/in

BOOKS
 Thibodeau, G. A., & Patton, K.T. (2003). Anatomy and Physiology (5th ed.). 3 Killiney
Road, #08-01 Winsland House, Singapore: MOSBY.

 Palean, E.D., Nazario, M.B.D., Valero, J.B.G., Descartin, I.K.L., Nuncio-Morales, E.

(2018). Introspection: Understanding the Self. Barangka Drive, Mandaluyong City:
Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
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REFERENCES

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ADDITIONAL MATERIALS THE
 Lina Medina - 5-year-old Mother: SEXU
AL
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iog4PCMRyPs SELF
 Brandon Westfall - Delayed Puberty:

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eitQYgCqA-0

 Jojie Balanay - Teenage Mother:

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UY4vgtK_pTU&t=197s
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