SHIPYARD PRACTICES

By-
Cadet -Aditya Prasad Sarangi

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 SHIPYARD
Demand of shipping transportation increasing
Creating pressure on shipbuilding industries
• Place where ships are repaired and built.
• Constructed nearby the sea or tidal rivers to
allow easy access for the ships.
• The site of large shipyard will contain many
specialized cranes, dry dock, slipways, dust-
free warehouse, painting facilities and
extremely large areas for fabrication of the
ships.
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 SHIPYARD AND
SHIPBUILDING
 Main Objectives of the shipyard
Economical productions
Ensure the safe working environment
Environment friendly activities of the shipyard

 Main purposes of the ship building

Transfer goods, materials , animals etc
Safely, economically and timely
Environment friendly ship operation

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 FACTORS ESTABLISHING
SHIPYARDS
 Huge opportunities:
Good Geographical position
Shipyard location & layout
Good communication facilities
Many inland shipping routes
Low labor cost
Friendly working environment
Well trained workers for design and
manufacturing

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Systematic Shipyard Layout
(Flow of materials)

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Present Condition of Shipyard Layout
(Flow of materials)

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 SHIPBUILDING PROCESS
1. Design
2. Steel Cutting
3. Block Assembly
4. Painting
5. Block Erection
6. Launching & Outfitting
7. Sea trial & Delivery

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Design Part
Basic design
• Basic modeling(Speed, loadage etc..)
• Flow analysis

Hull design
• Structure design
• Structure & Fatigue strength analysis

Outfitting design
• Pipe laying & Electrical wiring
• Engine room design

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 Design Part
◈ Basic design
1. A basis modeling which taking a carrying capacity
and speed

2. A performance assessment to a computer

simulation.

3. And computer float analysis

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 Design Part
◈ Hull design
1. The design are firm to the iron board of the at least
to the maximum and to develop fast speed.

2. Many simulation about the body of ship structure

and computation need.

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 Design Part
◈ Outfitting design
1. A machinery and tools of the boiler room conduit
install task.

2. install the cabin interior, the Electrical wire and pipe.

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 Steel Cutting
•Steel Cutting
The work that the steel place is automatically
cut based upon production design in information

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 Steel Cutting
•Cutting Progress

1. Marking 2. Marked steel

by NC machine

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 Steel Cutting
•Cutting Progress

1.

3. Cutting 4. In order
assembly pregress

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 Steel Cutting
•Cutting Equipment

Gas based cutter

Major method, by oxygen- acetylene gas

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 Steel Cutting

•Cutting Equipment

Laser cutting
Cutting that use molting, evaporation and high-handed gas
It`s method that can cut 5~7mm steel for the present
In oder to apply, need to more development than now

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 Block Assembly

Synthesis of Piece Assembly, Sub Assembly,

Cutting/Bending and so on work that
assemble area of ship hull space.

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Image in block
assembly factory

Image that set

Pin Jig on curved
surface of ship hull

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On bottom of a ship
department traveling
sale frame sticking

Image that is built on

Tank Top’s upside.
Flat position of welding is
proceeded because do turnover
after attach traveling sale here
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 Image that stern tube
block is worked

Some innards and block

assembly
together worked image

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Image that move block by
Heavy Lift Transporter

Image of block that come

by painting shop for
painting

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 Painting
Surface Inspection
Surface preparation Painting

Dry

Dry
Final inspection (Block) Touch up

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 Painting
Block
Assembly

Touch
up
Inspection for 2nd High pressure
surface preparation steam cleaning

Dry
Inspection
(Hull exterior)

Launching External painting

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Block Erection

• The process of building a

ship afterwards the
welding, after moving the
blocks (which was made on
the ground) by using the
Gantry Crane.

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PE : Pre-Erection

• PE : Pre-Erection

- PE is the process of making

large before moving blocks
to the dock.

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Keel Laying & Lord Point
• Keel Laying
- The standard block in the
Erection process

• Lord point
- The connection point
between the wires and the
block.

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Floating Dock SLS : Skid Launching System
- Samsung Heavy Industries - STX Shipbuilding

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Land Building DAM
- Hyundai Heavy Industries - Hanjin Heavy Industries

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 Launching

• Major Methods

1. Slip-way launching

2. Float-out launching

3. Lift-on launching

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 Outfitting
Fitting-out, or "outfitting”, is the process in
shipbuilding that follows the float-out of
avessel and precedes sea trials. It is the period
when all the remaining construction of
the ship is completed and readied for delivery
to her owners.

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 Sea trial & Delivery

< Sea trials >

Once the construction of the vessel is completed a sea

trial is conducted in the presence of the ship’s owner
register of shipping.

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 THE AMOUNT OF
FUEL CONSUMED
SPEED TEST
TEST

THE TEST LISTS OF SEA

TRIAL ACCELERA-
TION TEST

TURNING TEST

STEERING
TEST

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Naming Ceremony

< Naming ceremony >

Once the vessel is completed, it is named, and this naming

process is called Naming ceremony.

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 Problems occur on
shipbuilding industry
lack of infrastructures and equipment's facilities,
lack of skill workers and knowledge
improper governmental activities and dedication.
Lack of technology

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 ENVIRONMENTAL
ASPECT
• An environmental aspect is define as an
element of facility’s activities, products or
services that can or does interact with the
environment.

• An environmental impact is define as any

change to the environment, whether adverse
or beneficial, resulting from facility’s activities,
products or services.

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 Environmental Aspect Environmental Impact(s)

Emissions of volatile organic Air pollution, smog

compounds (VOCs)

Discharges to stream Degradation of aquatic habitat and

drinking water supply

Spills and leaks Soil and groundwater contamination

Electricity use Air pollution, global warming

Use of recycled paper Conservation of natural resources

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 Environmental factors of Shipyard activities

During hull preparation for painting the wash water including

the removing marine growth on hull and old paint
high levels of heavy metals
Contaminants with the nearby waters.

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During repairing of old ships
Wastages, sewage, oily things
Coating of the hull, ballast and bilge water
pollute marine environment
• Paint stripping and painting activities are
significant sources of pollution
Solvent-based paints including volatile organic
compounds(VOCs), anti-fouling regulated hazardous

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Types of Ships

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 BULKCARRIER

A bulk carrier, bulk freighter, or bulker is a merchant ship

specially designed to transport unpackaged bulk cargo,
such as grains, coal, ore, and cement in its cargoholds.

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 CONTAINERCARRIER

Container ships are cargo ships that carry all of their load in
truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called
containerization. They are a common means of commercial
intermodal freight transport and now carry most seagoing
non-bulk cargo.
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 GENERALCARGO

Ships used to move packaged merchandise from one location

to another. Due to the vast range of cargo materials , these
ships are often designed specifically for the cargo which they
will carry. Cranes and other heavy equipment needed to move,
load and unload cargo are usually on-board. General cargo
vessels are vital to international trade.
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 VEHICLECARRIER

Vehicle carriers are multi-deck cargo ships

designed to carry new cars and trucks
(IHS/Fairplay). The cargo is loaded via ramps.
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 LIVESTOCKCARRIER

Livestock carriers are those ships, which specialise

exclusively in the transportation of large numbers of live
animals together with their requirements for the voyage.
(food, water, sawdust bedding, medication, etc.). Voyageson
livestock carriers generally last from three days to three to
four weeks. 44
 REFRIGERATEDCARGOSHIP/REEFER

A reefer ship is a refrigerated cargo ship; a type of ship

typically used to transport perishable commodities which
require temperature-controlled transportation, such asfruit,
meat, fish, vegetables, dairy products and otherfoods.
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 FISHINGSHIP

A fishing vessel is a boat or ship use to catch fish in the

sea, or on a lake or river. Many different kinds of vessels
are used in commercial, artisanal and recreational
fishing.
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 OILTANKER

An oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a

merchant ship designed for the bulk transport of oil.
There are two basic types of oil tankers: the crude tanker
and the product tanker. Crude tankers move large
quantities of unrefined crude oil from its point of
extraction to refineries. 47
 GASTANKER/CARRIER

A gas carrier (or gas tanker) is a ship

designed to transport LPG,LNGor liquefied
chemical gases in bulk.
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 CHEMICALTANKER

A chemical tanker is a type of tanker ship designed totransport

chemicals in bulk. Asdefined in MARPOLAnnex II, chemical tanker means
a ship constructed or adapted for carrying inbulk any liquid product
listed in chapter 17 of the International Bulk Chemical Code.

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 PASSENGER SHIP

A passenger ship is a merchant shipwhose primary function is to

carry passengers. The category does not include cargo vesselswhich
have accomodations for limited number of passengers, such as the
ubiquitous twelve-passenger freighters once common on the seasin
which the transport of passengers is secondary to the carriage of
freight. 50
Offshore Technology

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DYNAMIC POSITIONING “AN
INTRODUCTION”

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 Principles of DP
 Definition
 A system which automatically controls a vessel’s
position and heading exclusively by method of
propeller generated thrust force, from Main propulsion
and thrusters.

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 Background - DP

 Dynamic Positioning (DP) began in 1960’s

 “Eureka” first DP vessel in 1961
 1000 over vessels/platform presently in service

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Summary DP Installations
 DP Drilling platforms
 Diver Support Vessel – DSV
 Pipelay (rigid and flexible)
 Cable lay and repair
 Hydrographic surveys
 Dredging
 Shuttle tanker
 Floating production(with/withoutstorage)
 Remote Operated Vehicle – ROV
 OSV, PSV Multi-purpose
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 DP Advantages
 Vessel Heading set by:
 DP operator – manual
 DP system – automatic
 Vessel Position set by:
 DP operator – manual
 DP system – automatic
 Support close proximities
 10m from crane – typical
 Above drill or dive location
 Construction
 Retrieval
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 Principles of DP
 Six freedoms of vessel movement
 DP controlled axis
 Yaw, Surge and Sway
 DP measured
 Roll, Pitch and Heave

 DP is concerned with the automatic control of Surge,

Sway and Yaw. Surge and Sway comprise the position of
the vessel, while Yaw is the vessel heading
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 Elements of DP System
 Propulsion / Thruster Configurations

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 Position Reference
Systems
 Differential GPS
 Hydroacoustic Position Reference (HPR)
 Taut Wire
 Laser-Optical
 Differential Absolute Relative Position System (DARPS)

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 POSITION REFERENCE
 Differential Global Position System

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 Hydroacoustic Position Reference (HPR)
System
 Long Baseline
 Short Baseline
 Ultra-Short Baseline
 Super-Short Baseline

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 DP Operations
 Diving
 Surface
 Saturation
 Deep

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 DP Operations
 Survey
and ROV Support

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 DP Operations
 Seabed Tractors and Trenchers

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 DP Operations
 Pipelay Operations
 S-Lay
 J-Lay
 Reel-Lay

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 DP Operations
 Track-Follow (Waypoint Routes)

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 DP Operations
 Cable Lay and Repair

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 DP Operations
 DP Drilling
 Ships
 Semi-Sub

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 DP Operations
 Offtake Tanker
 FPSO

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DP Operations

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THANK YOU


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