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Cells
Cells
Discovery of Cells
• 1665- Robert Hooke was the first to identify
and name cells.
• 1674- Anton van Leeuwenhoek made better
lenses and observed cells in greater detail.
• 1838- Mathias Schleiden noted that plants
are made of cells
• 1839- Theodor Schwann concluded that all
living things are made of cells
• 1855- Rudolf Virchow proposed that all cells
come from other cells
Cell Theory
• Simple cells
• No nucleus
• Ex: bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus
Prokaryotic Cell
Enterococcus
E Coli Bacteria faecalis Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
• More complex
• Have a true nucleus
• Make up all living cells other than bacteria
Eukaryotic Cell
Fingernail Hair Cell
Membrane-bound No Yes
organelles?
• Stores enzymes
and removes worn-
out organelles.
Mainly in animal
cells.
• Waste disposal unit
Mitochondria
• Provides energy
for the cell
• Powerhouse or
powerplant
Cytoskeleton
• Thin protein fibers that helps keep the
cell’s shape
Centrioles
• Only found in animal cells that are
important for cell division
Cell wall
• Found only in plant and fungus cells.
• Provides extra shape, support and
protection.
Chloroplast
• Found only in plant cell. They contain
chlorophyll used for photosynthesis
Vacuole
• Stores water, salts, and wastes. Plants
have larger ones
• Storage unit
Differences Between Plant and
Animal Cells
Plant Cells Animal Cells
Have a Cell Membrane,
Nucleus, Mitochondria,
Ribosomes, Golgi YES YES
apparatus, and
Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Have a Cell Wall? YES NO
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Organisms
Image References
• http://tissupath.com.au/medical-student-subjects-skin/
• http://www.acceleratedstudynotes.com/ib/biology-ib/ib-biology-eukaryotic-cells/
• http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/plants/tissue.html
• http://michelleburden.weebly.com/levels-of-organization.html
• http://www.interactive-biology.com/3956/anatomy-of-the-plant-cell-vs-a-human-cell/
• http://www.recredible.com/view/biology/77
• http://bms.westfordk12.us/pages/teams/7green/cells/grouph/Hcellwall.html
• http://www.buzzle.com/articles/centriole-function.html
• https://twitter.com/cytoskeleton69
• http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/mitochondria/mitochondria.html
• http://bio1151.nicerweb.com/Locked/media/ch06/Golgi.html
• http://genius.com/2607907/Biology-genius-cell-organelles/Endoplasmic-reticulum
• http://thecellorganelles.weebly.com/rough--smooth-endoplasmic-reticulum.html
• http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/316287/view
• http://www.kbalab.com/portfolio/outer-hair-cell/
• http://webpages.shepherd.edu/blidgerd/course_descriptions.htm
• https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/cell-structure-4/prokaryotic-cells-
59/characteristics-of-prokaryotic-cells-312-11445/
• http://www.extension.org/pages/28432/staphylococcus-aureus#.Vb5UOkL5NUQ
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli
• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Enterococcus_faecalis_SEM_01.png
• https://www.reddit.com/r/RealMicroscopicLife
• http://biologos.org/blog/bacterial-flagellum-appearances-can-be-deceiving
• http://www.turbosquid.com/Search/Index.cfm?keyword=flagella
• http://www.sciencefriday.com/segment/07/22/2011/video-pick-engineering-artificial-cilia.html
• http://bio1151.nicerweb.com/Locked/media/ch28/amoeba.html
• http://www.deviantart.com/art/Organelle-Illustrations-260886159
• https://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/test-2/deck/6315023
• http://iws.collin.edu/biopage/faculty/mcculloch/1406/outlines/chapter%207/chap07.htm
• http://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/biobookcell2.html
• http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/animals/cell/