WATER RESOURCES

Water resource-

This are sources the sources of- usually fresh

–water that are useful, to the society, for
instance, for agriculture, industrial and
recreational use. Examples include ground
water, rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
Fresh water is a renewable
resource, yet, the world’s
supply of ground water is
steadily decreasing.
There are 5 main water
resources:
• Surface water
• Under river flow
• Groundwater
• Frozen water
• Desalination
Surface water-
• Water in rivers, lakes, or fresh water
wetlands are naturally replenished by
Precipitation and naturally lost
through discharge to the oceans,
evaporation and groundwater and
groundwater recharge.
Under river flow-
• Throughout the course of a river, the total
volume of water transported downstream
will often be a combination of the visible
free water flowing together with a
substancial contribution flowing through
rocks and sediments that underline the
river and its floodplain called “hyporheic
zone”.
Groundwater-

•It is a freshwater beated in

the subsurface pore space of
soil and rocks.
Frozen water-
• Several schemes have been proposed
to make use of icebergs as water
sources, however to this date this has
only been done for research purposes.
Glacier run-offs are considered to
be as surface water
Desalination-

• It is an artificial process in which

Saline or sea water is converted in to
freshwater. The most common
desalination process are distillation
and Reverse Osmosis.
Major threats to
water resources:
• Degradation of ecosystems, which
often takes place through changes
of forests, the conversion of
natural landscapes to farmland,
the growth of cities, the building
of roads and surface mining.
Our water resources face a host of
serious threats, all of which are caused
by human activities. Including:
• Sedimentation
• Pollution
• Climate change
• Deforestation
• Urban growth