ENGR. ROGER C.

FLORES, MMME
Department of Electrical Engineering
College of Engineering
Central Mindanao University
University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon
 PEC – sets the minimum standards
for electrical work in general and
specific instances.

 It is referred to as the electrician’s

handbook
 Occupational hazards related to electrical
work:
 Death - Careless and unsafe work habits can
result in fatal accidents
 Burns - Accidental shorts or faults
occasionally blow slag or molten metal
which can burn
 Broken Bones or Bruises - Working on
ladders or in other hazardous construction
situations can result in falls
 Sprains or Muscle Tear – Many places of
electrical equipment are heavy and bulky,
and help must be summoned often to avoid
injury to one person
 Common Safety Violations that lead
to Electrical Accidents:
 Not guarding live parts of 50 volts or more
 Not having reliable equipment grounds
run with the circuit supply conductors
 Using extension cords in place of
permanent wiring
 Custom equipment that has not been
reviewed for safety
 Failure to de-energize equipment before
working on it
 Basic Safety Precautions:
 Never bypass a fuse
 Be sure all current carrying electric lines
are well insulated
 Always check a circuit for voltage before
servicing
 Know where all emergency shutdown
switches are located
 Work on live circuits only when absolutely
necessary
 Watch for burned wires on electrical
devices
 Basic Safety Precautions:
 Never touch a conductor without first
testing
 Look for loose conductors in electrical
systems
 Do not make any adjustment or repairs to
any electrical equipment until all power
has been disconnected or the circuit
breaker has been turned off

“Adjustments or repairs should be done only by

licensed electrical engineers or electricians”
 Basic Safety Precautions:
 All electrical equipment and tools should
be properly grounded to prevent any
injury to the operator
 Do not operate electrical parts with wet
gloves or wet clothing

“To prevent harmful body shocks, keep hands, feet

and clothing dry. Use a dry board or rubber mat
when water, moisture or perspiration cannot be
avoided”
 Basic Safety Precautions:
 Never work alone when working with
more than 50 volts
 Safety Practices Around Live Circuits:
 Use a reliable circuit tester or voltmeter
to identify live circuits
 Stand on dry surface
 Use only one hand if possible
 Never keep tools lying around live
conductors
 Wear suitable insulated hand covering
 Return all tools to pouch when through
with them
 Proper Grounding:
 Properly grounded electrical equipment
provides a pathway to ground for stray
current that may otherwise go through
the operator's body
 Loose wires that touch the case of
housing in electrical equipment can cause
an electrical shock to anyone who touches
the equipment if it has not been properly
grounded
“A faulty current to the housing will travel directly
to ground”
 Proper Grounding:
 Loose connections can be detected by
heat on conductors, a burning odor,
carbon tracking and conductors that are
discolored
 Always check electrical equipment for
proper grounding before working on them
 Proper grounding allows ground fault
current to clear overcurrent device
providing safety of operation
 Importance of Third Wire:
 Installed for personal protection
 Provides alternate path for current in
case of a short
 Can save your life
 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters:
 Personal safety devices
 Required on 15 and 20 ampere receptacle
outlets used for temporary power supply
on construction sites
 Stops current before severe personal
injury occurs
 Lockout Devices:
 Use if more than one power source is
present
 Always use when hydraulic position could
change
 Always use when pneumatic position
could change
 Lock off all electrical devices before
working on equipment
 Electrical Safety Reminders:
 Plan every job
 Think about what could go wrong
 Use the right tools
 Use procedures, drawings and other
documents as tools to do the job
 Isolate the equipment from energy source
 Identify the electric shock and arc flash,
as well as other hazards that may be
present
 Electrical Safety Reminders:
 Minimize the hazard by guarding or
establishing approach limitations
 Test every circuit and every conductor,
every time before you touch
 Use personal protective equipment as a
last line of defense in case something
goes wrong
 Be sure you are properly trained and
qualified for the job
 Working On or Near Energized
Equipment:
 Treat de-energized electrical equipment
and conductors as energized until
lockout/tagout, test and ground
procedures are implemented
 Work on electrical equipment and
conductors only when de-energized, unless
procedures and safeguards have been
established to zero exposure for the
worker and other people in the area
 Working On or Near Energized
Equipment:
 Lockout/tagout and ground before working
on equipment
 Wear protective clothing and equipment
and use insulated tools in areas where
there are possible electrical hazards
 De-energize and visibly guard whenever in
contact with uninsulated overhead power
lines is possible
 Working On or Near Energized
Equipment:
 Check and double check the safety
regulations when a ladder or parts of any
vehicle or mechanical equipment structure
will be raised near energized overhead
power lines. Call your local electric utility
for assistance. People standing on the
ground may be vulnerable to possible
injury
 Cord Powered Equipment and Tools,
Cords and Temporary Wiring:
 Protect flexible cords and cables from
physical damage
 Keep slack in flexible to prevent tension on
electrical terminals
 Check cords for cut, broken, or cracked
insulation
 Make sure the insulating qualities of a
splice are equal to or greater than the
original cord
 Cord Powered Equipment and Tools,
Cords and Temporary Wiring:
 Extension cords are for temporary use.
Install permanent wiring when use is no
longer temporary
 Equipment and Tool Grounding:
 Verify that all three-wire tools and
equipment are grounded
 Water, electrical equipment and power
cords do not mix! Use ground fault circuit
interrupter (GFCI) protection in wet or
damp environment
 Ground exposed parts of fixed equipment
that could be energized
 Equipment and Tool Grounding:
 Use non-conductive tools whenever
possible
 Always double check the operation of your
voltage testers by testing a live circuit
 Other Safety Considerations:
 Verify location of all buried or embedded
electrical circuits before digging or cutting
 Determine the reason whenever a fuse has
blown or a circuit breaker has tripped
before replacing or reselling
 Know where your overcurrent devices are
located so they can be easily and quickly
reached in case of emergency
 When replacing lamps and bulbs, verify
replacement and match fixture
requirements
 Other Safety Considerations:
 Adapt this list of safety reminders to fit
your working environment
 Establish a written electrical safety
program for implementing the given
electrical safety reminders