PATOLOGI

ORAL CAVITY
&
SALIVARY GLAND
Rizki Hanriko
Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi
Bagian Anatomi, Patologi Anatomi & Histologi
FK UNILA
2019
 DISEASES OF THE TEETH
AND GUMS
Dental caries
• Caries (‘tooth decay’) is the result of acid destruction of
the calcified components of the teeth
• a dynamic equilibrium between de- and remineralisation.
When the pH falls below 5.5, demineralization outstrips
remineralisation and erosion of the enamel is followed by
loss of dentine.
• The acid is produced when bacteria colonising the tooth
surface ferment carbohydrates (sugar).
 DISEASES OF THE
TEETH AND GUMS
• pulpitis.
• Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis, also called ‘Vincent
angina’, is an uncommon infection caused by the
anaerobic Borrelia vincentii and fusiform bacilli. The disease
can spread rapidly along the gum margin and deep to
destroy bone.
• Chronic gingivitis, is a very common condition which
represents the response of the gum to adjacent bacterial
plaque.
 DISEASES OF THE
TEETH AND GUMS
• Pulpitis
 DISEASES OF THE
ORAL MUCOSA
• Inflammatory disorders
• Herpetic stomatitis
• Oral candidiasis
• Aphthous stomatitis
LEUKOPLAKIA
LEUKOPLAKIA
SQUAMOUS PAPILLOMA
 SQUAMOUS CELL
CARCINOMA OF THE
ORAL CAVITY
 Kista Odontogenik

• Radicular Cyst
• Residual Cyst
• Dentigerous Cyst
• Eruption Cyst
 Residual Cyst

• A residual cyst is truly a radicular cyst without the

causative tooth in situ.
• Histopathology ≈ radicular cyst.
• Long standing lesions may not show many
inflammatory features as the causative tooth has
been removed.
 Eruption Cyst

• Considered as the soft tissue counterpart

of dentigerous cyst
• Pathogenesis is similar to that of
dentigerous cyst and the lining epithelium
is derived from reduced enamel
epithelium.
 Odontogenic Tumours

• Ameloblastoma
• Odontogenic Myxoma
• Odontogenic Fibroma
 Ameloblastoma
• >>benign but locally invasive, >>3rd to 5th
decades of life, mandible in the molar-ramus area
and the maxilla.
• originates from remnants of Hertwig’s root sheath
or epithelial cell rest of Malassez.
• Sometimes, may arise from the epithelial lining of
a dentigerous cyst or from basal layer of oral
mucosa.
ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
 Ameloblastoma
• Mutation in genes during odontogenesis is
responsible for neoplasia: The fos-
oncogene and TNF receptor-1
• Some genes including SHH, cadherins 12
and 13, TGF-β1
• Radiologically  multilocular destruction
of the bone.
ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
 Odontogenic Myxoma

• radiolucent lesions with an irregular outline

ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
Odontogenic Fibroma

ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
Odontogenic Carcinoma
 Pharyngitis

• Viral pharyngitis
• Streptococcal pharyngitis
• Ulcerative pharyngitis
• SCC
 Tonsillitis

• lymphoid tissue covered by non-keratinising

squamous epithelium thrown into a series of clefts.
• These clefts can harbour debris and act as a nidus
for bacterial infection, producing either an acute
inflammation or, more frequently, recurring
chronic inflammation leading to tonsillar
enlargement through lymphoid hyperplasia.
• Malignancy: SCC, Lymphoma
 DISEASES OF THE SALIVARY
GLANDS
• Recurrent sialadenitis is seen in patients who have
some degree of duct obstruction, hyposecretion of
saliva and ascending bacterial infection.
• Duct obstruction can be due to a stone (calculus) or
to fibrosis.
• Hyposecretion may be a direct consequence of duct
obstruction but may also be due to acinar atrophy
resulting from sialadenitis itself.
SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS
PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA
PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA
 Warthin’s tumour

• most common monomorphic adenoma

(5–10% of all salivary gland tumours).
• It has a very characteristic histological
appearance: tall columnar epithelial cells
line convoluted cystic spaces separated by
a dense lymphoid stroma.
MUCOEPIDERMOID
CARCINOMA
 Adenoid cystic carcinoma

• A slow-growing but aggressive malignancy

• >>> minor salivary glands.
• Small epithelial cells arranged in islands
showing microcystic change.
• This tumour has a propensity for perineural
spread and is difficult to eradicate surgically.
SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS
TERIMA KASIH