Romanticis

m
HISTORY AND BACKGROUND
 WHAT?
• Artistic and intellectual movement

• Emphasized the importance of emotional sensitivity and

individual subjectivity.

• Imagination, rather than reason, was the most important

creative faculty.

• 'Romantic' has come to mean so many things that, by itself, it

means nothing at all

 WHERE AND WHEN?
•Europe
• between the late 18th and mid-
19th centuries.
•most areas was at its peak in the
approximate period from 1800 to
1850.
 WHY IT STARTED?
• The term itself was coined in the 1840s, in
England, but the movement had been
around since the late 18th century,
primarily in Literature and Arts.
• reaction against the Enlightenment and
against 18th-century rationalism and
physical materialism in general
• rejection of the precepts of order, calm,
harmony, balance, idealization, and
rationality
 BACKGROUND
• reacting to the surrounding world
• sense and emotions - not simply
reason and order - were equally
important means of understanding
and experiencing the world.
• Celebrated the individual
imagination and intuition in the
enduring search for individual
rights and liberty
 EMPHASIS ON:
•Individual •Spontaneous
•Subjective •Emotional
•Irrational •Visionary
•Imaginative •Transcendent
•Personal al
 Characteristic of
Attitudes
• Deepened appreciation of the beauties of
nature
• General exaltation of emotion over reason
and of the senses over intellect
• Turning in upon the self and a heightened
examination of human personality and its
moods and mental potentialities
• Preoccupation with the genius, the hero, and
the exceptional figure in general, and a
focus on his passions and inner struggles
 Characteristic of Attitudes
• New view of the artist as a supremely
individual creator, whose creative spirit is
more important than strict adherence to
formal rules and traditional procedures
• Emphasis upon imagination as a gateway to
transcendent experience and spiritual truth
• Obsessive interest in folk culture, national
and ethnic cultural origins, and the medieval
era
Characteristic of Attitudes
• Predilection for the exotic, the remote, the
mysterious, the weird, the occult, the
monstrous, the diseased, and even the
satanic.
 Literature
•Late18 th century
•literary products of the
period
•Philosophical writings
SOURCES: HISTORY AND
BACKGROUND
• https://www.theartstory.org/movement/romanticism/?fbclid=IwAR2
gk67kSipC_Cg_9GJqH8FHwLl8tk4HHgEVEd4SHDZp5Tlb3q1K20bgsNQ
• https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/features/what-is-
romanticism?fbclid=IwAR3qMtPP2GClbxfHxVMjHviFjjdmkILcRuEnm9i
EMMvFUGgSZcACKt-oCrs
• https://www.britannica.com/art/English-literature/The-literature-of-
World-War-I-and-the-interwar-period
• http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/romanticism.htm
Romanti
THE

MOVEMENT

c
 The Romantic Movement
A literary movement, and profound
shift in sensibility, which took place in
Britain and throughout Europe from
1770-1848.
Intellectually, it marked a violent
reaction to the Enlighten.

Politically, it was inspired by the

revolutions in America and France and
popular wars of independence in Poland,
Spain, Greece, and elsewhere.
Emotionally, it expressed an extreme assertion of
the self and the value of individual experience
together with the sense of the infinite and
transcendental.

Socially, it championed progressive causes.

Though when these were frustrated it produced
bitter, gloomy, and despairing outlook.
 ROMANTICISM SAW A
SHIFT FROM ROMANTIC
CLASSICAL
AGE
• Faith in Reason AGE
• Faith in the senses,
• Interest in Urban feelings &
Society imagination
• Public, Impersonal • Interest in the rural
Poetry and natural
• Concern with the • Subjective Poetry
scientific and • Interest in the
mundane mysterious and
infinite
Romanticism is characterized by the 5 “

IMAGINATI INSPIRATION
ON
INTUITION
IDEALISM INDIVIDUALITY
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ROMAN
• Common Man and Childhood over Urban
Sophistication

• Emotions over Reason

• Nature over Artificial
• The Individual over Society
• Imagination over Logic
ROMANTIC LITERARY
THEMES: FORMS:
• LYRIC
• NATURE
• BALLAD
• LOVE
• SONNET
• HISTORY
• HISTORICAL
NOVELS
ROMANTIC ATTITUDES:
REBELLIOUSNESS
INDIVIDUALISM

SENSIBILITY

MELANCHOLY
SOURCES: MOVEMENT
https://crossref-it.info/articles/361/romantic-poetry

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9Ebl_MxbYw&
fbclid=IwAR3rTs1brIQgyyvv-
46qZ13utttGpKrn1B9DDtXxL7DqRwCdeks43Qo4m
7s

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticism
 Romanti
THE TERM
WAS USED TO DESCRIBE

UNREA
UNREAL
c
SENTIMENTAL
SENTIMENTA
L
L IMAGINATIVE
NOTABLE WRITERS OF THE
Johann Gottfried von
Herder
• Born August 25, 1744, Mohrungen, East Prussia [now
• Morag, Poland]18, 1803, Weimar, Saxe-
Died December
Weimar [Germany]
German critic, theologian, and philosopher, who
was the leading figure of the Sturm und Drang
literary movement and an innovator in the
philosophy of history and culture.

He is the one responsible

for the term romantic and
gothic into literature
abandoning traditional
forms of classical writing.
Samuel Taylor
• Born October 21, 1772, Ottery St.
Coleridge
Mary,
• Died Devonshire,
July Englandnear London
25, 1834, Highgate,

His Lyrical Ballads, written with William Wordsworth, heralded

the English Romantic movement, and his Biographia
Literaria (1817) is the most significant work of general literary
criticism produced in the English Romantic period.

• Believed that imagination

was God at work in the mind
• He wanted man to go beyond
the normal arts and writings
to a new form
William
• Born April 7,

Wordsworth
• 1770, Cockermouth,
Died April
Westmorland
Cumberland,
23, 1850, Rydal Mount, England

English poet whose Lyrical

Ballads (1798), written with Samuel
Taylor Coleridge,
helped launch the English Romantic
movement.
His belief was that he was
living losing what he would
lose when we mature our
childlike vision and closeness
to a spiritual reality
Lord Byron
George Gordon Byron, 6th
Baron Byron 22, 1788, London,
• Born January
England
• Died April 19, 1824, Missolonghi,
Greece)
Renowned as the “gloomy egoist” of his autobiographical
poem Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage (1812–18) in the 19th
century, he is now more generally esteemed for the
satiric realism of Don Juan (1819–24).

He was disliked by fellow romantic

writers in Great Britain because he
had no sympathy for the English views
on imagination beyond the borders of
England he was seen as a result of
the revolution against the old ways.
Johann Wolfgang von
• Born August 28, 1749, Frankfurt am
Goethe
• Main [German]
Died March 22, 1832, Weimar, Saxe-Weimar

German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist,

statesman, theatre director, critic, and
amateur artist, considered the greatest
German literary figure of the modern era.

He has had so dominant a

position that, since the end
of the 18th century, his
writings have been described
as “classical.”
 SOURCES: NOTABLE
WRITERS
https://www.britannica.com/art/English-literature/The-
Romantic-period