NC-Part Programming

INTRODCTION TO MANUFACTURING
Content :
 Introduction to Manufacturing , History & Processes
 Introduction to Conventional Lathe
 Introduction to MCMT/CNC
 Mechanical Elements of CNC machine
 Introduction To CNC Programming
 Introduction to SIEMENS 808D controller.
 Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing
 Cutting Tools and Parameter selection Turning
 Programming using Siemens standard cycles for Turning
 Hands on practical – All standard Cycles of 808D Turning
Purpose
This lesson introduces the
Manufacturing & its Processes
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
• What is Manufacturing?
• Different types of Manufacturing Processes.
• What is Casting and Foundry .
• What is Forming or Metalworking.
• What is Joining and Assembly.
• What is Rapid Prototyping.
• What is Machining.
What is manufacturing process ??
During a manufacturing process, we add, subtract, or form materials in order to give
a desired property/shape to the work piece.

A sequence of operations and processes designed to create a specific product .

The process of turning raw materials into a product .
Examples:
welding, casting, cutting, assembling, etc.
Manufacturing Importance

Typical product cost breakdown

Technical Representation of manufacturing
Product Creation Cycle
Design →Rapid Prototyping → Material Selection → Process Selection →Manufacture → Inspection
→ Feedback
Need / History of Manufacturing:
 The term manufacturing comes from the Latin term “manu factus” Which means
“Made by hand” That’s not quite what we think of today.

 The first form of manufacturing was used in…

• Tool making
• Shoe making
• The production line
• The ford automobile

 People continued to develop more efficient methods of making products.

In the late 1700’s some significant changes took place in a time period called
“The Industrial Revolution”
What Started the Industrial Revolution?
The Steam Engine

James Watt
1769
In England
Before the Steam Engine
 Why was that a “Big Deal”?

 Man/Woman  Water

 Wind  Fire

 Animal
The Steam Engine had advantages over those five power sources
• Man/Women get bored, have • The Steam Engine can go
to rest, have families that get 24hrs a day.
sick, have to eat.
• Animals can’t work 24 hrs
either. • The only thing the Steam
• Their up-keep is an additional Engine needs is coal/wood and
expense. water.

• Wind isn’t predictable or • Steam Engine is dependable

dependable. 24/7

• Fire • Steam Engine relies on fire but

not as much fuel to make it.
Basic types of Manufacturing Processes

 Casting and Foundry

 Forming or Metalworking
 Joining and Assembly
 Rapid Prototyping
 Machining
Casting and Foundry Processes :
 In one step raw materials are transformed into a desirable shape
 Parts require finishing processes
 Excess material is recyclable
 Forming and Metalworking Processes :
• Metal is heated to a temperature which is slightly below the solidus temperature and
then a large force is applied such that the material flows and take the desired shape.
• The desired shape is controlled by means of certain tools called dies which may be
completely or partially closed during manufacture.

Rolling Process Drop forging Extrusion Wire Drawing

Forming and Metalworking Processes :
 Modify the shape, size, and physical properties of the material
Types
1. Rolling
2. Extrusion
3. Deep Drawing
4. Forging
5. Bending
Joining and Assembly Processes :
Can you think of a product with only one part?
Most products consist of multiple parts that are assembled to form a finished product.

Typical assembly processes include:

 Mechanical fastening.
 Soldering and brazing.
 Welding.
 Adhesive bonding.
Rapid Prototyping :
 Finished parts can be field tested depending upon building material.
 Created parts can be used to create a mold.
 Modifications to design can be implemented quickly
Machining Processes :
 Controlled removal of material from a part to create a specific shape or surface finish.
 Cutting element is used .
 Movement must exist between the part and cutting element.
Types of Machining process:
 Turning Processes

 Milling Processes

 Drilling Processes

 Shaping & Planning

 Broaching Processes
Classification of all Material Removal Processes
In traditional days machining was done by using lathe machine, But in lathe machine we were
not getting accurate results, and we could not manufacture complex parts.
So there was need of moving forward.
QUERIES