JODHPUR INSTITUTE OF

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Summited To Guided by Summited By

Prof. Shilpa Dandwani Prof. Vineet Gehlot Vishal Chawla

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 INDEX
 Introduction
 PHEV
 Architecture of PHEV
 Working of PHEV
 Type of PHEV
 Batteries types
 Charging of PHEV
 Advantages of PHEV
 Conclusion
 Refrences

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 A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is
a hybrid electric vehicle that uses
rechargeable batteries or another energy
storage device, that can be recharged by
plugging it in to an external source of
electric power usually a normal wall.
 Electric vehicle An electric
vehicle(EV),referred to as an electric drive
vehicle, is a vehicle which uses one or
more electric motors for propulsions.

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 PHEV combines the concept of conventional internal
 combustion engine with the electric propulsion
system for
 better economy of fuel.
 Their main advantage is that they can be gasoline
 independent for daily usage. It also has the extended
range
 of electric hybrid for long trips.
 PHEV can offer better fuel economy and lower
exhaust
 emission by using two sources of energy namely the
fuel
 and the stored electrical energy.

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Hybrid-Electric Vehicle (HEV) relies on at least two
energy sources, usually an internal combustion engine
and an electric battery together with motor/generator.

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 Components of
Hardware Requirements
Electric Drive
• Microcontroller AT89c52 Inverter
• 16*2 LCD display Motor
• Door open/close sensor, clutch Battery
sensor, Main Relay,
• ADC0809
• HMI( Human Machine Interface )
, Indicators and other
semiconductors
Software Requirements
• Kiel “C ” compiler for 8051
microcontroller
• Universal programmer
• Debugger
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 Use electricity not petrol.
 Energy comes from a power
outlet via a cord to the car
 Energy stored in a battery and
is used for low power.
 For high power, battery
powers the motor.
 Throttle position sensor(TPS)-
monitors voltage, using Hall
sensors.
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There are different hybrid topologies
Parallel-Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Serial-Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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Serial-Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Series PHEVs:- also called Extended Range Electric
Vehicles. Only the electric motor turns the wheels; the
gasoline engine only generates electricity. Series
PHEVs can run solely on electricity until the battery
needs recharging. The gasoline engine will then
generate the electricity needed to power the electric
motor. For shorter trips, these vehicles might use no
gasoline at all.
 Gasoline motor turns a generator.
 Generator may either charge the batteries
 or power an electric motor that drives the
 transmission.
 At low speeds is powered only by the
 electric motor.

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Parallel-Hybrid Electric Vehicle
 Parallel or Blended PHEVs. Both the engine and
electric motor are mechanically connected to the
wheels, and both propel the vehicle under most
driving conditions. Electric-only operation usually
occurs only at low speeds.
 Gasoline motor
 Batteries which powers an electric motor
 Both can power the transmission at the same time
 Electric motor supplements the gasoline engine

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Block diagram of PHEV

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Battery Types
 Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni MH)
 Similar performance to NiCad battery but its
energy and power densities
 are higher and it charges faster.
 Battery can require cooling if charged fast
 Lithium Ion
 Precise voltage control is needed when charging
battery because if too
 high, battery can be damaged and if too low,
battery will be
 undercharged.
 Light in weight.
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Charging of PHEV

Types of charging
 • Level 1-2 to 5 miles of range per hour of
charging
 • Level 2-10 to 20 miles of range per hour of
charging
 • DC charging-60 to 80 miles of range in 20
minutes of charging

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Level 1 Charging
 provides charging through a
120-volt
 (V) AC plug and requires
electrical installation.
 Used generally at some
residential
 locations.
 J1772 standard connector &
J1772
 receptacle are used.
 no additional charging
equipment is

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Level 2 Charging
 offers charging
through a 240-
V(typical in residential
applications)or 208-V
(typical in commercial
applications) electrical
service.
 requires installation of
charging equipment
and a dedicated circuit
of 20 to 80 amp (A) .
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DC Charging

 offers charging through a 480-V AC

input to the EVSE.
 enables rapid charging at sites such as
heavy traffic corridors and public fuelling
stations.
 A DC fast charger can add 60 to 80
miles of range to a PEV in 20 minutes.

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ELECTRICAL MOTOR IN PHEV

 BLDC Motor
 Brushless-low maintenance
 High efficiency
 Faster dynamic response
 High-speed range.

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Hybrid cars
 PHEV is a vehicle that uses two sources of
power- gasoline and battery.
 For low power application, battery drive is
used.
 For high power application, gasoline engine is
used.
 Hybrid vehicle emits 50% less emission than
normal gasoline vehicle-reduces pollution.
 Most efficient in urban areas.

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Types of EVs-
 • Mild hybrid: Cannot power the vehicle using the
electric motor alone.
 • Full hybrid: More powerful electric motor and
larger batteries can drive the
 vehicle on just electric power for short distances and
at low speeds.
Hybrids can play an important role in realizing this
future, filling the gap between immediate
improvements through conventional technology and
the long-term promise of hydrogen fuel cells and
alternative fuels.

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Advantages of Hybrid Vehicles
 Fuel Economy: Better than similar
 conventional vehicles
 Low Emissions: Lower than similar
 conventional vehicles
 Fuel Cost Savings: Less expensive to
 operate than a conventional vehicle
 Energy Security: Reduced India’s
 reliance on imported petroleum
 Fuelling Flexibility: Fuel from gas stations

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Conclusion
 One approach to reduce the greenhouse gas
 emissions in the transport sector is to change
 transportation modes to become more electric.
 The scope of this research is on the Plug-in
 Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), the Electric
 Vehicle with a Range Extender (EREV) and
the
 Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV). BEVs are the
most
 desirable form of passenger cars, because of
 their zero tailpipe emissions and their potential
of
 100% reduction of CO2 emissions.

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References
 D. L. Greene, “Measuring energy security: Can the
United States achieve oil independence?,” Energy
Policy, vol. 38,no. 4, pp.1614–1621, 2010.
 R. Sioshanshi and P.Denholm , “Emissions impacts
and benefits of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and
vehicle to grid services,” National Renewable Energy
 Laboratory,Paper,2008[Online].Available:
 http://www.iwse.osu.edu/ISEFaculty/sioshansi/papers
/PH
 EV_ emissions. pdf
 T. Thompson, M. Webber, and D. Allen, “Air quality
impacts of using”.

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