Circular Motion A body moving in circular path with fixed or unfixed speed is called to be in circular motion It is of two types:- Uniform circular motion & Non-Uniform circular motion Uniform circular motion: Speed is constant Non-Uniform circular motion: Speed changes with time Angular Velocity(ω)
Angular velocity is the change in
angular displacement in a time interval that is….. 𝑑𝜃 𝜔= 𝑑𝑡
It is related with velocity as 𝑣=𝜔
Ԧ 𝑟Ԧ where 𝑟Ԧ is position vector of particle Centripetal acceleration • The uniqueness of circular motion is centripetal acceleration and its direction is towards center 𝑎𝑐 = 𝜔 x𝑣Ԧ • It is the acceleration due to which particle remains in constant circular path • This is perpendicular to velocity. Tangential Acceleration This is the property of non uniform circular motion and represents the rate of change of linear velocity and is equal to:- 𝑎𝑡 =𝛼Ԧ 𝑟Ԧ where 𝑑𝜔 𝑑 2 𝜃 𝛼= Ԧ = 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 2 𝑟𝑔 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃+𝜇𝑠 Banking of roads v= 1−𝜇𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 While moving along a curve of a road a vehicle may experience a centripetal force which should threw it off the road
But in practical life it isn’t observed
because of friction, but if the velocity of the vehicle is greater then v= 𝜇𝑟𝑔 then there is a danger
That’s why in real life roads are
inclined with the horizontal with an angle so in order to provide a component of normal reaction preventing it from throwing off