CHRONIC

GASTRITIS
Occurs over a long period which cause your stomach
lining becomes inflamed
Sign & Symptoms of the chronic
gastritis
• upper abdominal pain
• Indigestion
• Bloating
• Nausea
• Vomitting
• Belching
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
 Risk factors
Those who’s diagnosed as chronic gastritis need to
avoid :
 High-salt diet
 High-fat diet
 Alcohol
 Meat/red meat

Add on :
 Stressful lifestyle/traumatic experience
 Basically pt who have crohn’s disease
 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CAUSES OF
CHRONIC GASTRITIS
1.Long-term use of certain medications such as aspirin &
ibuprofen ( NSAIDs).
2.Excessive alcohol consumption.
3.The presence of H. pylori bacteria- causes infection of
stomach mucosa.
4.Certain illnesses such as diabetes or kidney failure.
5.A weakened immune system.
6.Persistent, intense stress- affect the immune system.
7.Bile flowing into the stomach / bile reflux.
8.Exposure to radiation.
9.Food allergies.
10.Certain food poisonings.
 HOW TO PREVENT CHRONIC GASTRITIS?
 Stop alcohol and smoking.
 Limit the use of NSAIDs like ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin.
 Avoid exposed to situations where there is chemicals or radiation.
 Proper hygiene and hand washing to reduce the risk of getting gastritis
from infectious agents.
 Monitor stress levels.
 Improve a healthy lifestyle by excercise regularly.
 Monitor diet:
i. Eating diet rich with fruits and vegetables.
ii. Avoid fried and spicy foods
iii. Avoid acidic foods : citrus fruits and juices
iv. Eating smaller meals but frequently.
v. Reduce salt consumption.
vi. Drinking plenty of water to stay hydrated.
 Complication of untreated
chronic gastritis
• Anemia : erosive gastritis can cause chronic
bleeding which, in turn can lead to anemia.
• Atrophic gastritis : chronic inflammation in the
stomach can cause the loss of both the stomach
lining and glands
• Peptic ulcer : ulcers form in the lining of the
stomach and duodenum
• Growths in the stomach lining : the risk of both
benign and malignant growths increases in
people with gastritis. Helicobacter pylori bacteria
cause gastritis.
• Bleeding ulcers
• Gastric cancers
• Renal problem
• Bowel obstruction
• Strictures – a restriction on a person or
activity
• MALT lymphoma – cancer of the lymphatic
system
 Types Of Chronic Gastritis
1. Type A – Caused by immune system
destroying stomach cell. It can
decrease risk of vitamin
deficiencies, anemia, and cancer.
2. Type B – Caused by Helicobacter Pylori
bacteria. It can cause stomach ulcer,
intestinal ulcer and cancer.
3. Type C – Cause by chemical irritants such as
NSAIDs, alcohol or bile. It can also
cause stomach lining erosion and
bleeding.
 Other types of gastritis
4. Giant hyperthropic – Related to protein
deficiencies.
5. Eosinophilic – Can happen alongside other
allergic condition like asthma
or eczema.
 Doctor will use anti
microbial agents and
acid blocking meds to
destroy the bact.
Caused by dying stomach
cells and can increase the
risk of cancer, anemia, and
vitamin deficiencies

Caused by H
pylori bacteria
Type A Will adress the
and is most problems based on
common among nutrients deficiencies
three
Type B

Type C Can lead to stomach

lining erosion and is
Doctor will ask to stop caused by chemical
NSAIDS or drinking irritants such as anti-
alcohol to prevent inflammatory drugs,
damage to stomach alcohol or bile
 Death of stomach glands and their
Caused by excessive amount of replacement with intestinal and
alcohol – can limit stomach ability fibrous tissue
to produce acids which later
becomes inflammation
Atrophic
Occurs in lower
portion of the
stomach
(antrum). Caused
Alcoholic Antral by virus, bateria,
stomach injury,
or erosive meds
Types

Leads to formation
of ulcers and
the body’s immune
bleeding in the
Erosive Autoimmune system mistakenly
lining of the
identifies stomach
stomach. Can be
cells as “foreign”-
chronic with little
may cause
to no symptoms.
distruption in the
Commonly caused
production of
by NSAIDS
gastric acid.
Diet Diet Medication

all fruits and

High salt diet Antacids
vegetables

H2
High fat diet Yogurt
antagonist

Lean meat
Proton pump
Alcohol (chicken and
inhibitors
fish)

High in red Plain based

meat and protein
preserved (beans and
meat tofu)

Whole grain
pasta, rice
and bread