TRANSMISI GELOMBANG

Gelombang seismik yang merambat

dibawah permukaan bumi, dibedakan
menjadi 2 :
1. Body wave (Gelombang Utama,

badan)
2. Surface wave (gel. Permukaan)


 wave type : P S
(primary) (secondary)
 velocity v= (alfa) (beta)
 polarization: longitudinal transversal
 deformation:compressional shear

Ray geometry
Q hypocenter (focus)
E epicentre
P receiver
 epicentral distance
R earth radius
 r
. sin i  p  const
vr 

Snell’s Law
sin i1 v1

sin i2 v2
KURVA TRAVEL TIME
DAN PENJALARAN GEL.

a) velocity-depth model
b) rays
c) travel-time curve
schematic)
Ray Parameter p
Ray parameter p equals the derivative and dT
d is thus the slope of the

travel-time curve at the distance  of the ray, to which it belongs

Examples for Travel Time Curves (for
a surface source)
 A. Homogeneous sphare : v(r)= V =
const.
b. Transition zone with increase of
velocity (velocity gradient)
c. Inversion zone with decrease of
velocity (velocity channel)
Worldwide Network of Standard
Seismographs (WWSSN)
 Worldwide Network
of Standard
Seismographs
(WWSSN) consisting
of 120 identical
stations.
 Each station consists of
3 short period (SP) and
3 long period
seismometer (LP).
Example: P- and S-phase.

 WWSSN station Stuttgart (STU), W-

Germany. 3 components: Z, N, E ; all LP.
Magnification 750 on the original record,
where 1 minute is recorded o 1.5 cm.
Time from left to right in successive
traces. Earthquake on Mid-Atlantic Ridge
at 10.6 N X 43.7 W, depth 25 km, on
March 17, 1962, 20: 47 : 31.7 UT.