WHAT IS GROUP?

A collection of individuals who have regular contact and

frequent interaction, common feeling of mutual trust,
and who work together to achieve a common set of
goals.
 DEFINITION
• According to Wilson and Hanna, groups is defined as, “a collection of
three or more individuals who interact about some common problem
or interdependent goal and can exert mutual influence over one
another”
TYPES OF GROUPS
 FORMAL GROUPS
The Formal Groups are formed deliberately and
consciously collectively to direct the efforts of
group members, especially the employees towards
the accomplishment of organizational objectives.
 The Formal Groups may further be sub classified into the following
groups

(a) COMMAND GROUPS

The command group is the most frequent type of formal
group. It is relatively permanent and is specified by the
organisation chart. It comprises of managers or
supervisors and subordinates, who meet regularly to
discuss general and specific ideas to improve product or
service. In business organisations, most employees work in
such command groups.
(b) TASK GROUPS
Task groups are also organisationally determined. But it is a
temporary group representing the employees who are
working together to complete a job task or particular project.
However, a task group’s boundaries are not limited to its
immediate hierarchical superior. For example, if a problem
involving many departments arises, a task force made up of
representatives from each of the affected departments, might
be formed to examine the problem and suggest solutions.
 (C)COMMITTEES

The committees are also set up for some special projects.

These can be permanent such as planning committee or a
budget committee and may become an integral part of the
organisational structure. A committee can also be temporary
such as a special task force which is set up for a particular
purpose and is disbanded when the purpose is achieved. For
example, the committee constituted to elect the president
of the company is temporary and is disbanded after the
election.
 INFORMAL GROUPS

Informal groups are alliances that are

neither formally structured nor
organisationally determined. These groups
are natural formations in the work response
to the common interests of the organisation
members such as self defense, work
assistance and social interaction.
DEVELOPMENT OF GROUPS
 STEP 1

Forming: At this stage, the formation of a new group

begins, wherein the members come together and get
to know each other through the interactions. Here
the individuals are excited and anxious to know
about the scope of the task and the ways to
approach it. Generally, the individuals come with a
desire to get accepted by others and avoid
controversy or conflicts
 STEP 2

Storming: Once the forming stage is over, the

individuals will start interacting with each other
in the context of the task to be achieved. The
conflict and competition among the group
members will be highest at this stage.
STEP 3

Norming: Once the role of every

member is cleared along with the
authority and responsibility of each,
the team members start settling in a
group. Here, everybody works
cohesively towards the target and
appreciate each other’s experience
and skills
STEP 4
Performing: At this stage, synergy gets created between
the team members, where everyone works towards the
accomplishment of a goal. This stage is characterized by
flexibility and interdependence. The team members
know each other so well that they can handle any
complex problem that comes before the team.Also, the
roles and responsibilities of member changes according
to the situation frequently, because at this stage
everyone is equally a task-oriented and people-
oriented and thus can perform efficiently
STEP 5

Adjourning: This is the last stage of group

development, where the group is terminated, and
the group members are separated from each
other. Every group is created for a purpose, and
once the purpose is fulfilled the group is
adjourned.Some authors call this stage
as “mourning or deforming,” because, the sense
of loss is felt by the group members, at the time
of separation from each other.
ഒത്തുപിടിച്ചാൽ മലയുും പപാരുും