THE ROLE

OF GENE IN
HEREDITY
HEREDITY
THE PASSING ON
OFF TRAITS FROM
PARENTS TO THEIR
OFFSPRING.
THE ROLE OF GENES IN
HEREDITY
 THE HEREDITY
INFORMATION IS
CONTAINED OR WITHIN THE
GENES , LOCATED THE
CHROMOSOMES OF EACH
CELL.
 HEREDITY FACTORS KNOWN AS GENES ARE
THOUGHT EXIST AS DISCRETE PORTIONS(KNOWN
AS LOCI) OF CHROMOSOMES. THE TERM
“DISCRETE” REFERS TO THE CONCEPT THAT
GENES ARE ALWAYS LOCATED AT THE SAME POINT
OR (LOCUS) ON A CHROMOSOMES.
 PAIRS OF GENES THAT
EXERCISE SUCH PARALLELE
CONTROL OVER THE SAME
TRAITS ARE KNOWN ALLELES,
WHICH ARE TWO KINDS:
DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE.
 GENETIC CHRACTERISTICS CAN BE
EXTREMELY COMPLEX AND MAY REQUIRE
THE ACTIONS OF SEVERAL SEPARATE
GENES TO BE EXPRESSED IN THE
ADULT ORGANISM.

 TRAITS THAT REQUIRE MORETHAN A

SINGLE PAIR OF GENES
-HEIGHT
-COLOR
OTHER TRAITS MAY BE CONTROLLED BY SINGLE PAIR OF
GENES. SOME OF THESE TRAITS MAY HAVE EXTREME
PHENOTYPES, SUCH AS ALBINISM ( LACK OF SKIN
PIGMENT) IN HUMANS.

 COMMON GENETIC
DISORDER
- DOWN SYNDROME
(DS or DNS), also known as
trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder
caused by the presence of all or
part of a third copy of
chromosome 21. It is usually
associated with physical growth
delays, mild to moderate
intellectual disability, and
characteristic facial features.
SICKLE CELL DISEASE

 Sickle cell disease is a

group of disorders that
affects hemoglobin, the
molecule in red
blood cells that delivers
oxygen
to cells throughout the
body. People with
this disorder have atypical
hemoglobin molecules
called hemoglobin S,
which can distort red
blood cells into a sickle, or
crescent, shape.
 PHENYL KETONEERIA(PKU)
 Phenylketonuria (PKU) is
an inborn error of
metabolism that results
in decreased metabolism
of the amino acid
phenylalanine.
Untreated, PKU can lead
to intellectual disability,
seizures, behavioral
problems, and mental
disorders. It may also
result in a musty smell
and lighter skin.
HEMOPHILLA

 Hemophilia is a rare disorder

in which your blood doesn't
clot normally because it lacks
sufficient blood-clotting
proteins (clotting factors). If
you have hemophilia, you
may bleed for a longer time
after an injury than you
would if your blood clotted
normally.