By:

Yash Bhardwaj
Pranjali Rawat
• The process by which we
change/vary one of the three
properties of the periodic signal called
as carrier signal according to the
amplitude of the message signal.
 Slope Overload Distortion Granular Noise

• Here, input signal rising rate • occurs when the step size is
is very high, then the too large in comparison to
staircase signal cannot small variations in the input
approximate it correctly. signal.
• Overcomes the drawbacks of Delta Modulation.
• Advanced version of Delta Modulation.
• Gives authority to Delta modulation to take decision.
• Adapts condition of message signal.
• SNR ratio better than DM,because of reduction in slope
overload distortion and idle noise.
• Dynamic range of ADM is wider than DM,because of variable
step size.
• Utilization of bandwidth is better in ADM than DM.
• The number of bits per second that can be transmitted along a
digital network is known as bit rate.

• No. of bits transmitted per sec =

No. of sample per sec * No. of bits per sample
• Also known as DPCM.
• Uses baseline of Pulse code modulation (PCM).
• Modulation almost constant.
• Bit rate less.
• If the redundancy is reduced,then overall bit rate will decrease
and the number of bits required to transmit one sample will also
reduce.DPCM works on the principle of prediction.Thr value of
present sample is predicted from previous samples.The
prediction may not be exact,but it is very close to the actual
sample values.
S.NO PARAMETERS PCM DPCM

1. Step size Fixed step A fixed number of

size.Cannot varied levels are used.

2. Bit redundancy Present Can permanently

remove

3. Bandwidth tranmission Higher Lower than PCM

channel

4. Complexity of notation Complex Simple

5. SNR Good Fair

• Bandwidth requirement is less (as compared to PCM).

• Quantization error is reduced because of prediction filter.

• Number of bits used to represent one sample value are also

reduced compared to PCM.