Exercise No.

2
The Plant Cell
Presented by:
Ken Cedrix Gonzales
Phoebe Mae Romabon
Julieta Dugay
Pil Joshua Boncocan
Objectives:

Identify the various parts of the cell

Draw and describe these cell
structures
Locate and explain cytoplasmic
streaming under the microscope
Materials Used:
Plant Samples: Equipment:
Hydrilla Microscope
Onion bulb Glass slides and
coverslips
Tomato (red and
Iodine solution
yellow)
Forceps
Potato
Sharp razor blade
Santan (leaves)
Petri dish
Gabi Paper towel
Answers to Guide
Questions
1. What causes cyclosis?

The current running theory is that cyclosis occurs

as a direct result of what are called "motor
proteins." These fibers, made up of myosin and
actin, are positioned just inside the cell
membrane. By using ATP produced inside the
cell as fuel, these protein fibers, either through
self-organization or some predetermined
process, move cytoplasm and the organelles or
nutrients suspended in it through the cell.
2. What are plasmodesmata and what
is their function?

Plasmodesmata are microscopic

channels which traverse the cell
walls of plant cells and some
algal cells, enabling transport and
communication between them
3. What are chromoplasts? Enumerate some
important functions of these structures.

A chromoplast is a pigmented plastid

found in certain plant cells.
Chromoplasts that contain
carotenoid pigments impart the red,
orange, or yellow colors to various
fruit (e.g., tomato fruits), roots (e.g.,
carrot roots), and petals.
3. What are chromoplasts? Enumerate some
important functions of these structures.

Chromoplast imparts color and found in some

cells of more complex plants. Chromoplasts are
coloured plastids other than green and found in
coloured parts of plants such as petals of the
flower, pericarp of the fruits etc. Due to the
presence of carotenoid pigments they are
orange, yellow or red in color. The primary
functions of chromoplasts are synthesis and
accumulation of carotenoid .
Chromoplasts
4. Explain the purpose of adding a drop of
iodine in the wet mount of potato.

In addition to making slides easier to

examine, iodine is often used as a
starch indicator in science
experiments. When iodine is
introduced to a substance that
contains starch, it will turn to a dark
blue or blue-black hue.
5. What do you call the type of crystal
present in Ixora leaf? What are the main
functions of plant crystals?

 The type of crystal found in

santan leaf is known as Rosette,
an aggregate of crystals which
has a flower like appearance.
5. What do you call the type of crystal
present in Ixora leaf? What are the main
functions of plant crystals?
Many plants have specialized cells,
called crystal idioblasts, that contain
single or multiple needle-like crystals
that appear to serve a primary
function in bulk regulation of calcium
in tissues and a secondary function in
defense against grazing animals.
Diagrams
 A. Hydrilla (young leaf)

Under HPO
Maginification: 40x
 B. Onion Epidermal Cells

Under LPO Under HPO

Magnification: 10x Magnification: 40x
 B. Onion Epidermal Cells

Under HPO with Iodine Stain

Magnification: 40x
C.1 Macerated Tomato (red and yellow)
Red Tomato Yellow Tomato

Under HPO Under LPO

Magnification: 40x Magnification: 10x
 C.2 Potato (outer part/surface) infused
with Iodine Solution

Under HPO
Magnification: 40x
D. Gabi
Stem Cross Section

Under LPO
Magnification: 10x