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Gears: What Is A Gear?
Gears: What Is A Gear?
What is a gear?
Toothed wheel
Transmits rotary motion and power
Reverses motion
Changes speed/ power
Movement- multiplier Ratios (Gear
Ratio)
What is this?
Practice!
Driver = 20 teeth
Driven = 40 teeth
M.R. = Driven / Driver
= 40/20 = 2
Practice!
Driver = 20 teeth
Driven = 40 teeth
Driver = 20 teeth
Driven = 40 teeth S.R. = Driver / Driven
= 20/40 = 1/2
= ½ x 200 = 100rpm
Idler Gears
A = 20 teeth
B = 5 teeth
C = 30 teeth
For the simple gear train shown below, find the following.
The gear that rotates in the same direction as A.
The multiplier ratios of A to B, A to C and A to D.
The speed of B, C and D if A rotates at 500 rpm.
A = 50 teeth
B = 10 teeth
C = 25 teeth
D = 100 teeth
Compound Gears
The multiplier ratio (Gear Ratio) for the first pair of meshing teeth is
driven 60
Ratio of CD 6 :1
driver 10
The total multiplier ratio is calculated by multiplying both ratios:
Total Ratio = 4 : 1 x 6 : 1 = 24 : 1
Short cut
20 x 10 200 1
Compound Example SR
In the compound train shown below wheel A is rotating at 100 rpm. If the
numbers of teeth in the gear wheels A, B, C and D are 25, 50, 25, and 50
respectively, determine the SR, the GR and the speed of rotation of wheel D,
C D
A
B
Worm and Wheel
Why is it used?
driven 30
Multiplier ratio 30 : 1
driver 1
What is a RATCHET?
What is a PAWL?
The turning force of a lever, e.g. spanner, is larger when the effort
is further away from the fulcrum. You can get more torque from a
spanner with a long handle, than one with a short one.
If we have a Driver of
40t and a Driven of
80T, this will have a
lower output torque
than say a Driver of
40T and Driven of
100T.
Torque and Drive Systems
Torque is the amount of turning produced by a force
Example
T=Fxr
T = 45N x 200mm
T = 45N x 0.2m
T = 9Nm
Torque and Drive Systems
The gearing system shown, can operate with either a 50t or an 80t
Driven gear. The Driver gear has 200t. Calculate the output torque
for the gear system if the input torque is 20Nm.
D R IV E R
Task 1:
Task 1 (A)
Rack is 1m long with 100T, so each tooth is worth 1000/100 = 10mm
This value is known as the Tooth Pitch of the rack.
If the pinion rotates once, then it moves 10T, so the movement of the rack
is 10 x 10 = 100mm
(B) If rack is 1m long then it will take 1000/100 = 10 revolutions to move from
one end to the other.
Questions
The compound gear train shown below is driven by a motor that runs at 1000 rpm. Calculate
the multiplier ratio of the motor to the output shaft, the speed ratio and then the output
speed. Show all your working.
A = 20 teeth
B = 60 teeth
C = 40 teeth
D = 50 teeth M O TO R
A B
D C
O UTPUT
Friction & Effect
These include:
• Lubrication, Oil or grease
• Use roller bearings