Coherence and Cohesion

 A TEXT IS COHESIVE IF ITS ELEMENTS ARE LINKED

TOGETHER.
 A TEXT IS COHERENT IF IT MAKES SENSE
 COHESION IS A FORMAL FEATURE OF TEXTS (IT GIVES
THEM THEIR TEXTURE), WHILE COHERENCE IS "IN THE
EYE OF THE BEHOLDER“
 THE WAY THAT TEXTUAL COHESION IS ACHIEVED IS BEST
LEARNED THROUGH PAYING CLOSE ATTENTION TO THE
WAY SENTENCES ARE LINKED IN TEXTS.
 Coherence and Cohesion

 Learners can be helped to write coherent texts

through the analysis of the generic features of
particular text types.
 Coherence is more elusive but it has a lot to do
with the way that the propositional content of
texts is organised
 Example

As a reminder, please promptly return the lecture notes

you borrowed. Slide the notes under my door if I am not
there. I may become agitated if you are late, much like my
Uncle Chester after several eggnogs on Christmas Eve.
Most Christmases I liked to stay up and open my stockings
after midnight. Staying uplate was exciting and would be
repeated a week later at New Year’s. So would
UncleChester’s disgraceful behavior.
 Analysis

The passage is cohesive because:

 Each sentence connects with the next and the previous.
 Sentences begin with familiar information.
 Sentences end with new information.

But the passage is not coherent because the topic of each

sentence is different from the previous. Thus, the paragraph
lacks focus.
 united ideas

sentence
sentence
sentence
sentence
sentence
sentence cohesion
sentence sentence
sentence
sentence
sentence
sentence
coherence
 COHERENCE ?
Keterpaduan hubungan
definition makna antara bagian – bagian
dalam wacana

Situational / registerial
coherence

kinds
Generic coherence
 FIELD GENRE

MODE COHERENCE
LANGUAGE
TENOR FEATURES

SITUATIONAL GENERIC
 COHESION

definito Keterkaitan setiap bagian

n wacana / teks

Grammatical Cohesion

kind
s Lexical Cohesion
 COHESION

definito Keterkaitan setiap bagian

n wacana / teks

Grammatical Cohesion

kind
s Lexical Cohesion
 Reiterasi
substitusi Referensi

orientation
Yesterday, My mother and I went to the market. We went
there on foot. It’s about 400 metres from my house. We wanted to buy
Recount

some food to celebrate my father’s birthday.

We went to the fruit stall to buy some oranges, melons and grapes.

Events
Then we went to the greengrocer’s to buy some potatoes, cabbages and
carrots. We also bought some meat, fish and lobsters. We bought a
kilogram of sugar. We did not buy any salt because we still had some.

Reorientation
We left the market at about eight o’clock. We were very happy because
we got all we needed for celebrating my father’s birthday

Kolokasi Konjungsi
a. Up road runs they. I’ve been learning English for two
years. Three children Shirley have: boy two, girl
(Eggins, 1994: 86)
b. I’ve been learning English for two years. He’s been
playing the guitar for six months. They’ve been living
in Sydney for one month. We’ve been working here
for years. She’s been studying French for two weeks.
(Eggins, 1994: 86)
c. I have a cat. Its name is Aden. He is very cute
because he has fluffy, fur; fat body, and flat nose.
Although he is cute, he is so lazy. He doesn’t want to
catch mice. His hobby is sleeping all the day.