Wind Energy

 Offshore wind power or offshore wind energy is the use of wind

farms constructed in bodies of water, usually in the ocean, to
harvest wind energy to generate electricity. Higher wind speeds are
available offshore compared to on land, so offshore wind power’s
electricity generation is higher per amount of capacity installed

 At the end of 2017, the total worldwide offshore wind power capacity
was 18.8 GW All the largest offshore wind farms are currently in
northern Europe and china.

 Projections for 2020 estimate an offshore wind farm capacity of

40 GW in European waters, which would provide 4% of the European
Union's demand of electricity.
 Installed wind power capacity (MW)
Nation 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

1200000
2599 5912 12210 25104 44733 62733 75564 91412 114763 145107 168690 188232
china
2180000
11603 16819 25170 35159 40200 46919 60007 61110 65879 74472 82183 89077
USA
160000

3
140000 20622 22247 23903 25777 27214 29060 31332 34250 39165 44947 50019 56132
GER
1 china
4120000 2 USA
6270 7850 9587 10925 13064 16084 18421 20150 22465 27151 28665 32848
India 3 GER
100000
4 India
5 11630 15145 16740 19149 20676 21674 22796 22959 22987 23025 23075 23170
5 Spain
Spain
80000 7 FR
31 EGY
660000
1963 2389 3288 4070 5203 6540 8445 10711 12440 13603 15030 18872
UK
40000
7
1589 2477 3426 4410 5660 6800 7196 8243 9285 10358 12065 13759
FR20000
31
0 230 310 390 430 550 550 550 550 610 610 810 810
EGY 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Renewable Energy Plan for Egypt

2%
Solar Energy
6%
20% wind energy

12% Hydropower
Onshore
80% farm

Renewable
Energy
Fossil Fuel

And Ministry plan it will be 35% at 2035

 Types of offshore Structures
 US Mineral Management Service (MMS)Classification for Water Depth (WD)

>350 M -Shallow Water >1500 M - Deep Water < 1500 M - Ultra Deep Water

To 500M

500M- 160 M– 1100M

1000M
700M-1800M 600M-
1500M To 3000M
500M – 500M-
1500M 2100M
Floating Wind Turbine
Floating Type (TLP)
 TLP has excess buoyancy which keeps tethers in
tension.

 Undergo large lateral deformations (5-8 m.) under

wave loading.

 Natural period (sway-response cycle ,usually around

100 Sec.) is kept above wave period (14 –to 20 sec.)
to avoid amplification of wave load (resonance).

 Cost: around $2 billion

 Oil production capacity: 100,000 bpd

 Gas handling capacity: 150 mmscf/d
 Water depth = 1036 m.
 Piles :12, ɸ=2.10m, 99m in length, 93m penetration
length.
 Main Deck : 80 x 80 m
 Column Dimensions :4 @ 20 by 51 m. height
 Pontoon Height : 7m
 A spar platform
 A spar (Single Point mooring And Reservoir) is a type of
floating oil platform typically used in very deep waters, and is
named for logs used as buoys in shipping that are moored in
place vertically.

 A spar platform consists of a large-diameter, single

And Why
vertical cylinder supporting sparThe cylinder is weighted at
a deck.
the bottom by a chamber filled with a material that is denser
than water to lower the center of gravity of the platform and
provide stability.

 Spars are anchored to the seabed by way of a spread mooring

system with either a chain-wire-chain or chain-polyester-chain
composition.
Floating Type (SPAR)

 Concept of a large diameter single vertical

cylinder supporting deck.

 Spar platforms have taut catenary moorings

and deep draught, hence heave natural period

is about 30 seconds.

 Used for Ultra deep water depth of 2300 M.

 Oil production capacity: 100,000 bpd
 Gas handling capacity: 200 mmscf/d
 Water depth = 2,438 M. , Weight: 9,350 ton.
 Length= 171m, Diameter= 56m.
 Cost: around $3 billion