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Analog Modulation (AM) : Teguh Firmansyah., S.T, M.T
Analog Modulation (AM) : Teguh Firmansyah., S.T, M.T
Analog Modulation (AM) : Teguh Firmansyah., S.T, M.T
Introduction to Modulations
1. Amplitude Modulation (AM)
Basic Telecommunication
11/11/2019
What is modulation?
What is modulation?
a process of changing one or more properties of
the analog carrier in proportion to the information
signal.
One of the characteristics of the carrier signal is
changed according to the variations of the
modulating signal.
AM – amplitude, E
FM – frequency , ω
PM - phase , θ
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Why modulation is needed ?
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3.1 INTRODUCTION TO MODULATION
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OBJECTIVE OF MODULATION
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3.2 AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM)
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3.2.1 Double-Sideband Suppressed Carrier AM
M( f )
Ac jc
2
e ( f f c ) e jc ( f f c )
Ac
2
M ( f f c )e jc M ( f f c )e jc
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Information
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Ac ka Ac
S ( f ) [ ( f f c ) ( f f c )] [ M ( f f c ) M ( f f c )]
2 2
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The magnitude of the spectrum of the message signal m(t) has been
translated or shifted in frequency by an amount f c
The phase of the message signal has been translated in frequency
and offset by the carrier phase
The bandwidth of the AM signal is 2W, where W is the bandwidth of
m(t).
The upper sideband of U(f) contains all the frequency contain of the
message signal M(f).
u(t) does not contain carrier components - u(t) is called a
suppressed-carrier signal (DSB-SC AM signal)
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11/11/2019
• To compute power content of DSB-SC signal, we first
evaluate the time-average autocorrelation function of the
signal u(t)
1 T /2
Ru ( ) lim
T T T / 2
u(t )u(t )dt
1 T /2 2
lim
T T T / 2
Ac m(t )m(t ) cos( 2f ct ) cos( 2f c (t )) dt
A2c
m(t )m(t )cos( 4f ct 2f c ) cos( 2f c )dt
1 T /2
2
lim
T T T / 2
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1. The power spectral density of the DSB-SC signal is the
power spectral density of the message shifted upward and
downward by f c and scaled by Ac2 / 2
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Demodulation of DSB-SC AM Signal
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Conventional Amplitude Modulation
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• It is convenient to express m(t) as
m(t ) amn (t )
where mn (t ) is normalized such that
max mn (t ) 1
t
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Overmodulated (a > 1)
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• The spectrum of the amplitude modulated signal u(t) is
U ( f ) F [amn (t )] F [ Ac cos( 2f ct c )] F [ Ac cos( 2f ct c )]
aM n ( f )
2
Ac jc
e ( f f c ) e jc ( f f c )
2
Ac jc
e ( f f c ) e jc ( f f c )
2
Ac jc
e aM n ( f f c ) e jc ( f f c )
e jc aM n ( f f c ) e jc ( f f c )
Ac a
cos( 2 ( f c f m )t c )
2
upper sideband component
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11/11/2019
• The spectrum of the DSB AM signal
U ( f ) e ( f f c ) e j ( f f c )
Ac j c c
2
4
e ( f f c f m ) e j ( f f c f m )
Ac a j c c
c e j ( f f c f m ) e j ( f f c f m )
Aa c c
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11/11/2019
• We have already proved in the DSB-SC case, the power in the
modulated signal is
1 T /2
• For the conventional AM
m (t ) contains no DC component
Pm lim
T T T / 2
(1 amn (t )) 2 dt
n
1 T /2
lim
T T T / 2
(1 a 2mn2 (t )) dt
1 a 2 Pmn
• Finally, we have Ac2 Ac2 2
Pu a Pmn
2 2
Carrier power Message power
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