Charles’ Law

Group IV
Christian Nick Del Rosario
Meryl Joyce Malicdem
Drex Rosario
Charles’ Law

• French chemist Jacques Charles discovered

that the volume of a gas at constant
pressure changes with temperature.
Jacques Charles

• Jacques Charles, in full Jacques-Alexandre-César Charles, (born

November 12, 1746, Beaugency, France—died April 7, 1823, Paris),
French mathematician, physicist, and inventor who, with Nicolas
Robert, was the first to ascend in a hydrogen balloon (1783).
About 1787 he developed Charles’s law concerning the thermal
expansion of gases.
Temperature vs. Volume Graph
30
25

Volume (mL)
20
15
10
5

0 100
Temperature (C)
Check Your Understanding:

At constant pressure, how are the

temperature and volume of a gas related?
•A They are inversely proportional.
•B They are directly proportional.
•C They are constant.
•D They are indirectly proportional.
 When the temperature of a gas
at a constant pressure
is increased,
its volume increases

• At constant pressure, when the

temperature of a gas is increased, what
happens to its volume

T = S

P = C

V = C
 When the temperature of a gas
at a constant pressure
is decreased,
its volume decreases

• At constant pressure, when the

temperature of a gas is decreased, what
happens to its volume

T = c

P = C

V = C
Charles’ law formula

V1 V2
T1 T2
Sample Problem 1

A balloon has a volume of 785 mL at 21°C. If the

temperature drops to 0°C, what is the new volume of
the balloon (P constant)?

V1 = 785 mL V2 = ?
T1 = 21°C = 294 K T2 = 0°C = 273 K

Note: Be sure to use the Kelvin (K) temperature in

gas calculations.
Sample Problem 1

V1 = V2
T1 T2
V2 = V1 x T2
T1

V2 = 785 mL x 273 K
294 K

V2 = 729 mL
Sample Problem 2

2. A sample of gas occupies 3.5 L at 300 K. What volume will it

occupy at 200 K?

V1 = 3.5 L, T1 = 300K, V2 = ?, T2 = 200K

Using Charles’ law: V1/T1 = V2/T2
3.5 L / 300 K = V2 / 200 K
V2 = (3.5 L/300 K) x (200 K) = 2.3 L
Sample Problem 3

3. If a 1 L balloon is heated from 22°C to 100°C,

what will its new volume be?
V1 = 1 L, T1 = 22°C = 295 K
V2 = ?, T2 = 100 °C = 373 K
V1/T1 = V2/T2, 1 L / 295 K = V2 / 373 K
V2 = (1 L/295 K) x (373 K) = 1.26 L
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