NOISE

Vitri Widyaningsih, dr
Medical Faculty, Sebelas Maret University
BACKGROUNDS

Global
• 30 millions people in US are exposed
• 10 millions suffered from NIHL
Indonesia
NOISE?

What is noise?
TYPES OF NOISE
CONTINUE WITH WIDE BAND NOISE

CONTINUE WITH NARROW BAND NOISE

INTERMITTENT

IMPULSIVES

REPETITIVE IMPULSIVES
RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM
EXPOSSURE LEVEL
General
Threshold for
noise
NAB in INDONESIA

SNI 16-7063-
2004

Kepmennaker
No51/MEN/1999
NOISE EFFECTS ON HEALTH

AUDITORY
• Acute acoustic trauma
• Temporary Threshold shift
• Permanent Threshold shift (NIHL)
EXTRA (NON) AUDITORY
ACUTE ACOUSTIC TRAUMA

Blass, explossion,
high frequence
noise

Symptoms consist
of Hearing loss
and tinnitus

Causes
Conductive
Hearing Loss
ACUTE ACOUSTIC TRAUMA

Mostly
Conductive
Hearing Loss
due to
tympanic
membrane
damages,
disruption in
ossicular
chains,
damages to
the oval
window
TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFT

Temporary
decrease of
hearing
ability due
to noise
exposure

Will recover
after
stopping
noise
exposure
NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS

Noise Induced
Hearing Loss
 Sensory
Neural
Hearing loss

Prolonged
expossure to
noise 
damages to
the hair cell of
organ corti
COCHLEA DAMAGE

HAIR CELL
DAMAGE
DEVELOPMENT OF NIHL

Different for
different
exposure to
noise
TINNITUS

One of
auditory
problems
connected
with noise

Confounding
factors : age
and high
blood
pressure
NON AUDITORY EFFECTS OF NOISE

Proposed
Mechanisme

Sympathetical
nerves systems

Stress
response of the
body
NON AUDITORY EFFECTS OF NOISE

5 (five)
major
condition
allegedly
related to
noise
PREVENTION
• The use of PPE
• Engineering and administrative control
PRIMARY • Isolation, substitution, elimination

• Audiometry
SECONDARY
• Medical examination and treatment

• Personal recondition
TERTIARY
• Change of job if necessary
HSE OFFICER RESPONSIBILITIES
Recognize the need of PPE (HPD), recommend,
provide and supervise the use of PPE

Engineering and administrative control

Audiometry and health examination

Socialization about noise effect and the importance

of HPD, and other preventive measures to workers
and managers

Medical referral if necessary

HPD (HEARING PROTECTION DEVICE)

Different NRR
(Noise
Reduction Rate)

Ear plug 
<100dB

Ear Muff 
100-110 dB

Both  > 110

dB
EFFECTIVENESS OF HPD
USING FOAM EAR PLUG CORRECTLY
THANK YOU

Matur nuwun