Turn Off Methods

Turn Off Methods

1. Natural Commutation
2. Forced Commutation
 Forced Commutation
1. Class A - Self commutated by a resonating load
2. Class B - Self commutated by an L-C circuit
3. Class C - C or L-C switched by another load
carrying SCR
4. Class D - C or L-C switched by an auxiliary SCR
5. Class E - An external pulse source for
commutation
6. Class F - AC line commutation
Class A - Self commutated by a resonating
load
 Class A - Self commutated by a
resonating load
• When the SCR is triggered. anode current flows
and charges up C with the dot as positive.
• The L-C-R form a second order under-damped
circuit.
• The current through the SCR builds up and
completes a half cycle.
• The inductor current will then attempt to flow
through the SCR in the reverse direction and the
SCR will be turned off.
 Class A - Self commutated by a
resonating load
• The capacitor voltage is at its peak when the SCR
turns off and the capacitor discharges into the
resistance in an exponential manner. The SCR is
reverse-biased till the capacitor voltages returns
to the level of the supply voltage V.
• Application : Series Inverter
Class A - Self commutated by a
resonating load
Class B - Self commutated by an L-C
circuit
 Class B - Self commutated by an L-C
circuit
• When thyristor T is triggered, the circuit
current flows in 2 directions :
1. The load current flows through the path
-T- -
2. Commutating Current
Application : d.c. chopper circuit
Class C - C or L-C switched by another
load carrying SCR or Complementary
Commutation
Class C - C or L-C switched by another
load carrying SCR
Class C - C or L-C switched by another
load carrying SCR
Application: McMurray Bedford inverter
Class D – Auxiliary Commutation
 Class D – Auxiliary Commutation
• Mode 0 : -off - off ; =0
• Mode 1 : ( triggered)
At the end -off -off; = -
• Mode 2 : triggered,

At the end - ON -off; =-

 Class D – Auxiliary Commutation
Mode 3: is triggered ; Capacitor starts
discharging in the path
At the end of Mode 3 -off -on
Application : Jone’s Chopper Circuit
Class E – External Pulse Commutation
Class F – a.c. Line Commutation
 Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
• UJT- Basic Operation
Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
 Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
• Circuit Operation of UJT
 Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
• Circuit Operation of UJT
During off state :
Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
 Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
• UJT Relaxation Oscillator
During off state
Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
• Pulse Outputs:
 Design of Gate triggering circuit using
UJT
• UJT as an SCR Trigger

• Note : The voltage at B1 when UJT is off must

be less than the voltage needed to trigger the
SCR ie.,