JOINTS

DISEASES AND
DISORDERS

Reported by:
Ryan Bethuel J. Rapal
And
Dexther G. Jalit
 JOINTS DISEASES

Neuromechanical Inflammatory Metabolic

Disease Disease Disease
WHAT IS NEUROMECHANICS?
WHAT IS INFLAMMATION?
WHO STUDIES JOINTS?
-Rheumatologists
-Orthopedist
RHEUMATOLOGIST
ORTHOPEDIST
 WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
ORTHOPEDIST AND RHEUMATOLOGIST?
TYPES OF JOINTS
DISEASES
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Spondyloarthritis
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Lupus
Gout
Bursitis
 OSTEOARTHRITIS

The most common type of osteoarthritis is the “wear-and-tear” form that increases with
age. Cartilage that normally cushions the joint breaks down over time, lending to
stiffness and pain, especially with movement.

With hip arthritis and knee arthritis, walking becomes more difficult as pain builds and
flexibility decreases. Adults in their 50s and older are more likely to develop this
chronic, progressive disease, and women are more vulnerable.
 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Is autoimmune condition affect the lining of the joints. Cells of the immune system that
normally don’t belong in the joints accumulate there in large numbers.

As the immune cells interact with the local joint cells, it causes ever-increasing
inflammation, with eventual damage and destruction of cartilage and bone.
 SPONDYLOARTHRITIS

Also known as spondylitis, this term covers certain other rheumatoid diseases.
Axial spondylitis involves inflammation in the spine and can eventually lead to spinal
fusion, or ankylosing spondylitis.

Enteropathic arthritis is a possible complication of inflammatory bowel diseases like

ulcerative colitis. Psoriatic arthritis, which is associated with the skin condition
psoriasis, tends to affect the joints of the hands and feet
 JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS

Also known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, JIA is the most common chronic joint
condition in kids.
In this autoimmune condition, the child’s immune system attacks the body own health
issue.
It’s called “idiopathic” because the cause is unknown. Inflammation from JIA may affect
the organs and even the eyes. An added concern is that JIA can alter children’s normal
growth.
 LUPUS

This autoimmune condition affects various parts of the body, including the skin, internal
organs, blood, brain, bones and joints. Inflammation caused by lupus can trigger
arthritis, particularly in the hands, elbows, shoulders, knees and feet.
 GOUT

This type of arthritis most often affects the joint connecting the big toe to the rest of the
foot. In gout, excess uric acid – a waste product in the blood – forms crystals in the
joints. Gout flare-ups, which are extremely painful, frequently strike in the middle of the
right. Men are more likely to have gout, although women become more vulnerable after
menopause.
 BURSITIS

Involves inflammation of the small, fluid-filled sacs called bursae that cushion the joints
and surrounding tendons, muscles and bone.
With bursitis, overuse or sudden injury of joints such as the hip, elbow and shoulder
can lead to flare-ups. Bacterial infections can sometimes cause bursitis.
 TYPES OF JOINTS
DISEASES
o Traumatic joint disease o Endocrine factors
o Degenerative joint disease o Neurogenic arthropathy
o Congenital and hereditary o Hypertrophic
abnormalities osteoarthropathy
o Secondary joint disease o Reflex sympathetic
o Hemorrhagic joint dystrophy
diseases o Tumours of joints
o Aseptic necrosis