PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE

By Millie and Eunice

AIM
To release repressed emotions and experiences; make the unconscious conscious.
RESEARCHERS

SIGMUND FREUD
• He was the first to develop and employ the perspective
on his patients
ERIK ERIKSON
• He expanded upon Freud’s original model to incorporate
most socially directed elements, such as interaction,
and explain how personality is shaped over the course
of a lifetime.
• He also brought to consideration factors, such as the
identity crisis, and proposed theories as to how they
can influence personality to develop one way or another.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES

ID
 The innate instincts and urges that are
present in every human being from birth

Superego
 To force an individual to conform to
societal norms and standards

Ego
 Works to balance and compromise
between the demanding ID and
SUPEREGO.
KEY IDEAS

STAGE 1 ORAL STAGE 2 ANAL

 Birth-2 years old  2-4 years old

 Switches to anus, develop skill to hold in and release
 Babies and toddlers put things in their poop at will
mouth  Triggered by potty training
 Regardless of hazard
KEY IDEAS

STAGE 3 PHALLIC STAGE 4 LATENCY

 4-7 years  7-11 years old

 Discover gender  Boys and girls begin to form same-sex groups

 Oedipus complex- son feels sexual  They stay away from opposite sex
feelings towards mother  “cooties”

 Electra complex- daughter feels

sexual feelings for father
KEY IDEAS

STAGE 5 GENITAL

 Starts when puberty starts around age 12 – the rest of their life
 Causes individuals to seek out sexual partners and focus on
reproductive
BREAKTHROUGHS

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

 Repression: pushing problem out of conscious mind (ignoring)

 Denial: not accepting reality
 Displacement: taking anger out on wrong person (yelling at your dog)
 Projection: puts their feelings on someone else (accusing your partner of loosing feelings
when you actually are)
 Reaction Formation: acting the opposite of how you feel (boys pulling hair of girls they like)
 Regression: behaving the way you did as a kid (sucking thumb)
 Rationalization: focusing on the good (most positive)
 Sublimation: redirects frustration to something healthy (excersizing)
THANK YOU