DATA STORAGE IN

DNA
Presented by:
UMAKAR
15PT1A0510
 CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS DNA?
 WHAT IS DIGITAL DATA STORAGE IN DNA?
 WHY DNA AS STORAGE MEDIUM?
 HOW IS DATA STORED IN DNA?
 ENCODING AND DECODING TECHNIQUES
 ADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
 INTRODUCTION

 Presently devices such as optical discs, portable

hard drives, and flash drives are used to store data.

 All these non-biodegradable materials used in

data storage pollute the environment.

 As the data increases, the current data storage

technology would not be enough to store data
in future as data is growing every day.
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic
acid ( DNA) is a molecule
that carries the genetic
information that used in
the growth, development,
of all living organisms.

The two DNA strands are called

polynucleotides since they are
composed of simpler monomer
units called nucleotides. Each
nucleotide is composed of one of
four nitrogen-containing
nucleobases — cytosine (C),
guanine (G), adenine (A) or
thymine (T).
What is digital data storage in DNA?

 DNA digital data storage refers to any process to

store digital data in the base sequence of DNA.\

 This type of storage system is more compact

than current magnetic tape or hard drive storage
systems due to the data density of the DNA.

 Currently it was reported that in 1gram of DNA

215 petabytes (215 million gigabytes) could be
stored.
WHY DNA AS STORAGE MEDIUM?

 STRUCTURE OF DNA
 VERY HIGH DATA STORAGE CAPACITY
 LONG LIFE
 SMALL SIZE & HIGH DENSITY
 PORTABLE
 SECURE AS INVISIBLE TO HUMAN EYE
 EFFECTIVE POWER USAGE
DNA v/s OTHER STORAGE DEVICES
 HOW IS DATA STORED IN DNA?
1. BASIC METHOD:

There are various techniques for storing the data in the DNA. In all
methods, firstly the information is converted into digital form if not. Then
further processing is done.

2. DNA MULTIPLICATION

3. BYCONVERTING BINARY INTO TRIPLET CODE

 2. DNA MULTIPLICATION

 After determining what order the letters should go in, the DNA
sequences are manufactured letter by letter with chemical reactions.

 These reactions are driven by equipment that takes in bottles of A’s,

C’s, G’s and T’s and mixes them in a liquid solution with other
chemicals to control the reactions that specify the order of the
physical DNA strands.

 Once the DNA strands are created, we need to protect them against
damage from humidity and light. So we dry them out and put them in
a container that keeps them cold and blocks water and light.

 But stored data are useful only if we can retrieve them later.
3. BY CONVERTING BINARY INTO TRIPLET CODE:
ENCODING AND DECODING TECHNIQUES

 Polymerase chain reaction based encoding scheme

 Alignment based encoding model
 Rewritable and RAM based DNA storage system
ADVANTAGES
There are many features of DNA as data
storage device which allow us to create such
a data storage medium which is highly
secure, compact, easy to carry, and capable
of storing very large amount of data. The
currently present data storage devices are
unable to provide such pleasing features and
qualities.
CONCLUSION

 Thus, using DNA for data storage, it is possible to store

huge amount of data in very less size.

 As DNA can retain data for millions of years, it is possible

to store data for a long time.

 By using this technique, data is compressed and

the security to the data is provided.
REFERENCES
 http://science.sciencemag.org
 https://www.hindawi.com/journals - BioMed Research
International
 https://theconversation.com/
 https://www.sciencealert.com
 https://www.extremetech.com/
 A. Rosenblum, “Microsoft reports a big leap forward
for DNA data storage,” 2016
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_digital_data_storage
 https://www.researchgate.net
 http://www.ijoee.org