Prepared by:

SANIATA G. BAUTISTA
sanbautista@rocketmail.com
Computer 12
Objectives

 Learn the Windows environment

 To compare and contrast the capabilities of
and limitations of Windows and DOS
 Identify the different parts of the Windows
screen
 Understand how to manipulate icons,
windows and other objects
 Understand how to safely use and customize
programs and files within Windows
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 2
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 3
What is Windows?
 An operating system and Graphical User
Interface (GUI) created by Microsoft and
found on most computer systems (but not
all!).
 Allows for easy “point and click”
operations between the user and the
different files and programs with which
they wish to work.
 While there are many different versions of
Windows, the fundamentals are the same.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 4

Types of Windows…
 Program Windows – Applications like
Word, Internet Explorer
 Document Windows – Open to a
specific document within the applicable
program window
 Folder Windows – A folder, like “My
Documents” that may contain other
folders, documents, programs, etc.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 6

Capabilities of Windows
 You can change the background and general
color scheme and fonts for your windows
desktop.
 You can mainly just change the colors and
looks of things slightly.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 7

 Security Windows has an administrative
user that can make changes to the
computer, but it has other users that can
perform small tasks. You need the
administrator’s password to change
anything if on another user.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 8

Limitations of Windows
 Memory Unit
 Physical Memory Limit
 Product Key
 Cannot transfer to another unit
 Cannot be pirate
 Support unlimited outbound connections
 Support disk full differences w/ minoring
stripping and not fixing
 Allows programmer to make software to
make of computer resource

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 9

Limitations of Windows
 Windows is not that reliable, with it
crashing/needing to be restarted all of the
time.
 Windows crashes a lot and needs rebooting
a lot because of the amount of programs
running on it.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 10

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 13
Starting Windows

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 14

The Desktop…
 The desktop is the main screen area that
you see after you turn on your computer
and log on to Windows. Like the top of
an actual desk, it serves as a surface for
your work. When you open programs or
folders, they appear on the desktop.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 15

The Desktop…

Icons

Start Menu

Navigation Area

Tabs Taskbar

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 16

Icons…
 An icon is a symbol/picture that acts as
a button to open up a folder, document,
application or other object.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 17

Different Types of Icons…
 Application Icons open up a
program (an executable file),
like Internet Explorer,
Microsoft Word, etc.
 Folder Icons store and
organize documents and
applications. Often you will
find folders within folders.
 Document icons represent a
specific file, like a word
document, picture, etc. These
files typically have an
association with the program
that is used to open them.
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 18
The Start Menu Office
Commands

 The Start menu is the

main gateway to your
computer's programs,
folders, and settings. It's
called a menu because it Application
provides a list of Launches

choices, just as a
restaurant menu does.
And as "start" implies, Shut Down,
Log Off,
it's often the place that Restart
you'll go to start or open
things. Windows
Search

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 19

What's in the right pane?
 Personal folder. Opens your personal folder, which is
named for whoever is currently logged on to
Windows.
 Documents. Opens the Documents folder, where you
can store and open text files, spreadsheets,
presentations, and other kinds of documents.
 Pictures. Opens the Pictures folder, where you can
store and view digital pictures and graphics files.
 Music. Opens the Music folder, where you can store
and play music and other audio files.
 Games. Opens the Games folder, where you can
access all of the games on your computer.
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 20
 Computer. Opens a window where you can access disk
drives, cameras, printers, scanners, and other hardware
connected to your computer.
 Control Panel. Opens Control Panel, where you can
customize the appearance and functionality of your
computer, install or uninstall programs, set up network
connections, and manage user accounts.
 Devices and Printers. Opens a window where you can
view information about the printer, mouse, and other
devices installed on your computer.
 Default Programs. Opens a window where you can
choose which program you want Windows to use for
activities such as web browsing.
 Help and Support. Opens Windows Help and Support,
where you can browse and search Help topics about
using Windows and your computer.
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 21
 The Taskbar…
 The taskbar is along bar that by default runs
along the bottom of your screen.
 Contains the “Start” button, which allows
access to other Windows programs and
features that are not on the desktop
 The notification area, on the far right side of
the taskbar, includes
Pinned Active aCurrent
clock and a group of Area/
Notification
icons.
Programs It looks like this.
Windows Window System Tray

StartNovember
Button 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 22
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 23
Parts of the Windows Screen

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 24

Parts of the Windows Screen
1. Menu bar - contains items that you can click to make choices
in a program.
2. Title Bar - displays the name of the document and program
(or the folder name if you're working in a folder).
3. Minimize button– keeps open but in the taskbar button
4. Maximize button – fills the screen
5. Close button – exits the program
6. Scroll bar - lets you scroll the contents of the window to see
information that is currently out of view.
7. Borders and corners - you can drag these with your mouse
pointer to change the size of the window.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 25

Explorer windows

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 26

Explorer windows
1. the Forward and Back buttons,
2. the Address bar,
3. the Instant Search box,
4. the Command bar,
5. the Menu bar,
6. the Navigation pane,
7. the File List,
8. the Headings,
9. the Preview pane,
10. the Details pane
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 27
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 28
Libraries
 Libraries are a new way to see your
files. Libraries are not folders but areas
to locate and find your files. They don’t
store your files but gather the files in a
way for you to easily locate them.
 The four Libraries are Documents,
Music, Pictures and Videos. You can
also add an external device to show up
in the Libraries.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 29

Libraries

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 30

Preview Document in Folder

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 31

Control Panel
 Control Panel is a special window that
lists icons relating to many aspects of
your computer’s hardware, software,
and general configuration.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 32

Control Panel

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 33

Devices and Printers
 there's a single Devices and Printers
location for connecting, managing, and
using your printers, phones, and other
devices. From here, you can interact
with your devices, browse files, and
manage settings. When you connect
devices to your PC, you’ll be up and
running in just a few clicks.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 34

Devices and Printers

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 35

Help & Support
 Windows Help and
Support is the built-
in help system for
Windows. It's a
place to get quick
answers to common
questions,
suggestions for
troubleshooting,
and instructions for
how to do things.
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 37
 Gadgets
 Desktop gadgets can keep information and
tools readily available for you to use.
 Right click desktop and drag over to your
desktop what Gadgets you would like, the
news, your pictures and the phases of the
moon, right on your desktop.

Feed Weather
Calendar Clock CPU Meter
Headlines
November 16, 2019 Forecast Cagayan State University @ Aparri 38
Shutting the Computer…
Shut Down:
1. Click the Start ‘orb’ Button . The Start
menu appears.
2. Click the Shut Down. Do not do anything else
to your computer.
Other options available are:
• Switch user – when you
have more than one
account user
• Log Off - to move from one
account user to another
without shutting down
each time.
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 39
Shutting the Computer…
Restart – quick way to reboot your computer
without going through the Shut Down
procedure.

Sleep Mode
1. Click on the Start ‘orb’ Button
2. click on the right arrow beside shut down
select Sleep

To start your computer again press the Power

Button.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 40

Shutting the Computer Down
Properly
It is very important that you shut down your computer
system properly. Simply turning the power off with the
power switch can cause serious file system damage.
While the system is on, files are in use even if you aren't
doing anything. These processes are managing the
system and keep a lot of files open. When the system's
power is switched off, these files are not closed
properly and may become corrupted. Depending on
what files become damaged, the system might be
rendered completely unusable! In any case, you'll have
to go through a long file system check procedure on the
next reboot. When you finish working with your
computer, you should put your computer in sleep
mode or

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 41

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 42
Keyboard
 The keyboard is a piece of hardware that
resembles a typewriter keyboard. It is one of
the primary ways we communicate with the
computer and enter data.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 43

How the keys are organized
 Typing (alphanumeric) keys. These keys include the same letter,
number, punctuation, and symbol keys found on a traditional
typewriter.
 Control keys. These keys are used alone or in combination with
other keys to perform certain actions. The most frequently used
control keys are Ctrl, Alt, the Windows logo key , and Esc.
 Function keys. The function keys are used to perform specific
tasks. They are labeled as F1, F2, F3, and so on, up to F12. The
functionality of these keys differs from program to program.
 Navigation keys. These keys are used for moving around in
documents or webpages and editing text. They include the arrow
keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Delete, and Insert.
 Numeric keypad. The numeric keypad is handy for entering
numbers quickly. The keys are grouped together in a block like a
conventional calculator or adding machine.
November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 44
Keyboard Shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts are ways to perform
actions by using your keyboard. They're
called shortcuts because they help you
work faster. In fact, almost any action or
command you can perform with a mouse
can be performed faster using one or more
keys on your keyboard.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 45

Typing keys includes…

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 46

Find program shortcuts
 You can do things in
most programs by
using the keyboard.
To see which
commands have
keyboard shortcuts,
open a menu. The
shortcuts (if
available) are shown
next to the menu
items.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 47

3 Mysterious keys
 PrtScn (or Print Screen)
Pressing PrtScn captures an image of your entire screen (a "screen
shot") and copies it to the Clipboard in your computer's memory.
From there you can paste it (Ctrl+V) into Microsoft Paint or
another program and, if you want, print it from that program.
 ScrLk (or Scroll Lock)
Pressing Scroll Lock changes the behavior of the arrow keys and
the Page Up and Page Down keys; pressing these keys causes the
document to scroll without changing the position of the cursor or
selection. Your keyboard might have a light indicating whether
Scroll Lock is on.
 Pause/Break
Pressing this key pauses the program or, in combination with Ctrl,
stops it from running.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 48

 Windows Shortcuts
On the shortcuts below the Win means holding down the Windows key on your keyboard
 Win+Left Arrow: Dock the current window to the left half of the screen
 Alt+F4: Close the active window
 Win+Right Arrow: Dock the current window to the right half of the
 Alt+Tab: Switch to previous active
screen
window
 Win+Up Arrow: Maximize the current window
 Alt+Esc: Cycle through all open
 Win+Down Arrow: If the current window is maximized or minimized
windows
 Win+Home: Minimize all but the current window
 Win+Tab: Flip 3D
 Win+F: Launch a Search Window
 Ctrl+Win+Tab: Persistent Flip 3D
 Win+G: Cycle through Gadgets
 Win+T: Cycle through applications on
 Win+Space: Aero Peek the Desktop taskbar (showing its live preview)
 Win+Pus +: Zoom Out  Win+M: Minimize all open windows
 Win+Minus -: Zoom In  Win+Shift+M: Undo all window
minimization
 Win+D: Toggle showing the desktop
 Win+L: Lock the desktop (Ctrl, Alt,
Delete will prompt to log back in)

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 49

Win+Left Arrow: Dock the current window to the
left half of the screen
Win+Right Arrow: Dock the current window to
the right half of the screen
Win+Up Arrow: Maximize the current window
Win+Down Arrow: If the current window is
maximized or minimized
Win+Home: Minimize all but the current window
Win+F: Launch a Search Window
Win+G: Cycle through Gadgets
Win+Space: Aero Peek the Desktop
Win+Pus +: Zoom Out
Win+Minus -: Zoom In

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 50

Alt+F4: Close the active window
Alt+Tab: Switch to previous active window
Alt+Esc: Cycle through all open windows
Win+Tab: Flip 3D
Ctrl+Win+Tab: Persistent Flip 3D
Win+T: Cycle through applications on
taskbar (showing its live preview)
Win+M: Minimize all open windows
Win+Shift+M: Undo all window
minimization
Win+D: Toggle showing the desktop
Win+L: Lock the desktop (Ctrl, Alt, Delete
will prompt to log back in)

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 51

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 52
Mouse
The mouse is a peripheral that is known as
a pointing device that is right handed by
default. It lets you point to objects on the
screen, click on them, and move them.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 53

Basic Parts of a Mouse

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 54

Types of Cursor

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 55

Holding and moving the mouse
 Place your mouse beside your keyboard on a
clean, smooth surface, such as a mouse pad.
Hold the mouse gently, with your index finger
resting on the primary button and your thumb
resting on the side. To move the mouse, slide
it slowly in any direction. Don't twist it—keep
the front of the mouse aimed away from you.
As you move the mouse, a pointer (see
picture) on your screen moves in the same
direction. If you run out of room to move your
mouse on your desk or mouse pad, just pick
up the mouse and bring it back closer to you.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 56

Holding and moving the mouse

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 57

To properly use the mouse
 Click Select an object on the screen by pressing the left
mouse button down with your index finger and then
release the button.
 Drag an object on the screen by pressing and holding
down the left mouse button with your index finger
while moving the mouse. When the object is where you
want it, release the button.
 Double-click, rapidly press and release the left mouse
button with your index finger to open folder/file.
 Right-click once and release the right mouse button
with your middle finger to show more choices. Choices
depend on where you right click and on what.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 59

Any questions???

 Don’t forget the importance of practicing

your new skills

 If you have questions after this session,

remember you can always send me your
queries on my email address;
sanbautista@rocketmail.com regarding on
this subject.

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 60

November 16, 2019 Cagayan State University @ Aparri 61