WHAT IS PLUMBING?

• FROM THE LATIN PLUMBUM FOR LEAD AS PIPES WERE ONCE MADE FROM LEAD.

• PLUMBING ORIGINATED DURING ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS (SUCH AS THE GREEK, ROMAN, PERSIAN, INDIAN,
AND CHINESE CITIES) AS THEY DEVELOPED PUBLIC BATHS.

• IT IS THE ART AND TECHNIQUE FOR INSTALLING PIPES, TANKS, FITTINGS AND OTHER FIXTURES REQUIRED TO
BUILD WATER SUPPLY, HEATING AND SANITATION SYSTEMS IN A BUILDING FOR DISTRIBUTION OF POTABLE
WATER AND AND THE REMOVAL OF WATERBORNE WASTES.
IMPORTANCE OF PLUMBING
• PLUMBING IS USED TO ENSURE SAFE DELIVERY OF WATER. CLEAN
WATER USAGE IS MADE POSSIBLE ONLY THROUGH PLUMBING WHICH
IS OFTEN TAKEN FOR GRANTED.

• IT BRINGS COMFORT AND BEAUTY TO OUR LIVING AS WE ARE ABLE TO

USE IT IN SEVERAL FUNCTIONAL AREAS SUCH AS KITCHENS AND
BATHROOMS WITH SUCH AN EASE WITHOUT HAVING A THOUGHT OF WHAT IT WOULD HAVE BEEN IF
THERE WAS NO SUPPLY OF CLEAN WATER FOR US.

• PLUMBING INDUSTRY TODAY HOLDS A STRONG ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE AS IT PROVIDES JOB

OPPORTUNITIES AND LIVELIHOOD FOR MANY.

• LACK OF SAFE AND AFFORDABLE WATER SUPPLY LEADS TO A NUMBER OF WATER-BORNE

DISEASES AND VIRUSES. ACCORDING TO WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 1.4 MILLION CHILDREN
DIE DUE TO SUCH DISEASES EVERY YEAR. UNTREATED HUMAN WASTE AND FECAL MATTER ARE
RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS WHICH IS WHY PLUMBING HOLDS SO MUCH IMPORTANCE.
IMPORTANCE OF PLUMBING
• MARCH 11 IS OBSERVED AS WORLD PLUMBING DAY GLOBALLY AS PLUMBING PLAYS SUCH AN
IMPORTANT ROLE IN OUR DAY TO DAY LIFE ENSURING OUR HEALTH AND SAFETY.

• EVEN THOUGH AWARENESS HAS BEEN RAISED ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF PLUMBING SERVICES
AND ITS USAGE, THERE STILL REMAINS SOME FACTS AND FIGURES WHICH DRIVE OUR ATTENTION
TO ITS IMPORTANCE. EVEN TODAY, 40% OF THE WORLD DOES NOT HAVE ACCESS TO SANITARY
SERVICES. ABOUT 1.1 BILLION PEOPLE STILL DEFECATE IN OPEN IN THIS MODERN GENERATION.

• THESE FACTS AND FIGURES GATHER ENOUGH EVIDENCE AS TO WHY IT IS SO MUCH IMPORTANT TO
USE PLUMBING SERVICES AND THE ROLE OF PLUMBING INDUSTRY IN OUR LIFE.
IT USES BASIC LAWS OF NATURE LIKE GRAVITY AND PRESSURE.
A PLUMBING SYSTEM IS COMPOSED OF TWO BASIC SUBSYSTEMS.
ONE BRINGS IN THE FRESHWATER WHILE THE OTHER THROWS
OUT THE WASTEWATER.
SUPPLY SYSTEM
THE WATER ENTERING A HOME IS UNDER
PRESSURE. HENCE IT IS EASY TO ALLOW IT TO
TRAVEL UPSTAIRS, AT THE CORNERS OR
ELSEWHERE AS AND WHEN NEEDED. THIS
SYSTEM INCLUDES A MAIN WATER SHUTOFF
OR A STOP VALVE TO BE USED DURING A
PLUMBING EMERGENCY. THE WATER FROM
MAIN SUPPLY IS READY TO BE USED FOR
VARIOUS DRINKING AND CLEANING
PURPOSES.
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
A DRAINAGE SYSTEM DOES NOT DEPEND
ON PRESSURE AS ALL THE DRAINAGE
PIPES ARE ANGLED DOWNWARD. HENCE,
GRAVITY PULLS OFF ALL THE WASTE
MATERIAL. AS SIMPLE AS IT MAY SEEM, THE
DRAINAGE SYSTEM INVOLVES A LOT OF
COMPLEX COMPONENTS LIKE VENTS,
TRAPS AND CLEAN OUTS. THESE VENTS
ALLOW AIR TO ENTER THROUGH THE
DRAINAGE PIPES SO AS TO REGULATE
WATER FLOW. OTHERWISE WHICH THE
WATER GETS COLLECTED IN THE TRAPS
AND WILL REQUIRE BEING DRIVEN OFF
FREQUENTLY.
Plumbing system in buildings consists of
underground tank which is supplied water via
municipal or water department supply lines, from
there with the help of pumps and piping
distribution system water is supplied to overhead
tank and thereby due to gravity water reaches to
home outlets.
Such pumps consists of small steel tank with water on one side and air on
another separated by a rubber membrane .As the pump starts it supplies
water to the wet side thus causing rubber membrane to expand and air
compresses on other side thus causing extra pressure on wet side which is
connected to water supply line. So as one opens the tap , gets the required
quantity of water. This causes the pressure to drop and the pump is
automatically switched on again thereby maintaining the pressure of water
and at same time supplying the water to outlets .
The advantage of such plumbing system in
buildings is that requirement of overhead
tanks is eliminated. Secondly these pumps
are designed to get the required equal
pressure to all floors, unlike in traditional
way water flows from underground tanks to
overhead tanks and the upper floors gets
water with less pressure and lower&
ground floor gets high pressure due to
gravity and more height.
This gives energy conservation also
because it eliminates the need of
supply of water ten or twenty floors to
overhead tank and then supply by
gravity to all floors.
Continuous power
supply backed up with
generator is required to
operate this system
efficiently, else if no
power no supply of
water.
Pumps are of two types:

SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
A submersible well pump is designed to operate beneath
the earth's surface. Like the sump pump found in many
homes, a submersible well pump will not workunless it's
completely submerged in liquid. When a pressure switch
is turned on, the impeller begins to spin
drawing water into the pump.
Pumps are of two types:

OPEN TYPE PUMP

The open impeller design, the
fluid enters the eye of the impeller
where the turning vanes add
energy to the fluid and direct it to
the discharge nozzle. A close
clearance between the vanes and
the pump volute, or back plate in a
few designs, prevents most of the
fluid from recirculating back to the
eye of the impeller.
PLUMBING SYSTEMS

POTABLE SANITARY STORMWATER

WATER DRAINAGE DRAINAGE
SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM
POTABLE WATER SYSTEM
• THE POTABLE WATER SYSTEM BRINGS WATER INTO A
STRUCTURE, THIS WATER COMES FROM THE COMMUNITY
WATER MAIN. THERE IS A VALVE ON THE WATER MAIN ITSELF
FOR EACH STRUCTURE THAT CAN BE USED TO SHUT OFF ITS
WATER SUPPLY. FROM THERE, A SINGLE PIPE BRINGS WATER
INTO THE STRUCTURE, AND IT IS THEN DISTRIBUTED TO
INDIVIDUAL FIXTURES THROUGH A NETWORK OF PIPES. A
METER KEEPS TRACK OF HOW MUCH TOTAL WATER ENTERS
A CERTAIN STRUCTURE.
“Potable water” simply means water
that is safe to drink, and it is becoming
scarcer in the world. Increasing use is
stressing freshwater resources
worldwide, and a seemingly endless list
of contaminants can turn once potable
water into a health hazard or simply
make it unacceptable aesthetically.
 the number one benefit of installing a potable water system is that it eliminates
worry. With a potable system, gone are the days of worrying that there might be
something wrong with the water.
The other benefits are:

•Environmentally Friendly: Why waste money on plastic bottles when you can repeatedly bottle up your own
water directly from the tap.

•Safety: Without the proper precautions, bacteria, pesticides, fertilizer, pipe rust and sediment are just a few of
the nasty things that can end up in drinking water. Improper waste disposal may even allow soap, paint,
motor oil and all sorts of other toxic chemicals and materials to enter your water supply. Properly installed and
maintained potable systems help eliminate these worries while ensuring safe and healthy water.

•Cut Costs: A quality potable water system means no more dollars wasted on bottled water or on running the
dishwasher more than once to eliminate additional water sediment.
SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM
• THE SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM REMOVES
WASTEWATER FROM A BUILDING. IT CONSISTS OF PIPES
THAT TAKE OUT HUMAN WASTE AND FECAL MATTER AS WELL
AS WASTEWATER FROM COOKING, LAUNDRY, ETC. THE
SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM IS CONNECTED TO A SERIES
OF VENT PIPES THAT GO THROUGH THE ROOF VERTICALLY,
THIS ALLOWS FOR THE VENTING OF GASES AND FOR THE
ENTIRE SYSTEM TO OPERATE AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.
THE SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM ULTIMATELY TAKES
WATERWASTE TO THE COMMUNITY SEWER SYSTEM.
There are (3) three types of sanitary drainage system; these are the gravity system, low
pressure system, vacuum systems.

1. Gravity sewerage systems are the traditional method

of sewage disposal. These systems take advantage of
the natural slope of the ground to collect wastewater,
take it away from the property and allow it to flow to
the authority sewerage network. The network system
transports the wastewater to the treatment plant.

Gravity systems are used in areas where the water table

is low and the land is not prone to flooding.

While gravity systems are the most common there are

other systems that you should be aware of.
2. Low-pressure sewer systems are a low-head pressure
wastewater collection and treatment system. They are
an alternative to gravity sewer systems or septic tanks.
A low-pressure sewer system consists of an interceptor
tank and a chamber unit, which houses a small,
submersible electrical pump. The tank is installed below
ground, much like a septic tank. Substantial organic
waste treatment occurs in the interceptor tank. The
liquid in the tank, or effluent, is pumped automatically
through a small pressure line that transports it to a
wastewater plant for treatmen
3. The vacuum sewage system is an alternative method to a conventional gravity system. It
is generally used in areas that feature water charged ground, reclaimed ground, flat areas
and in seasonal areas such as recreation areas and camping sites.
A vacuum system needs a central vacuum station, with vacuum pumps, collection
chamber, discharge pumps and associated controls. The various sewage fittings are each
connected to the system via a vacuum valve.
It operates on electricity so it requires an additional power supply in case of a power
failure.
STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM
IT CARRIES RAINWATER AWAY FROM A STRUCTURE. IN
OLDER STRUCTURES, RAINWATER SIMPLY DRAINS INTO THE
SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM BUT IN BUILDINGS THAT ARE
MORE MODERN SEPARATE SYSTEM OF DRAINS CARRIES
WATER INTO THE COMMUNITY STORM WATERS. GUTTERS
ARE A PART OF THE STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM
VISIBLE FROM OUTSIDE THE STRUCTURE; OTHER
COMPONENTS SUCH AS DRAINS AND PIPES ARE BELOW THE
GROUND.
STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM
• IS DEFINED AS THAT PORTION OF THE STORM DRAINAGE
SYSTEM THAT RECEIVES RUNOFF FROM INLETS AND
CONVEYS THE RUNOFF TO SOME POINT WHERE IT IS THEN
DISCHARGED INTO A CHANNEL, WATER BODY, OR
PIPED SYSTEM. IT CONSISTS OF ONE OR MORE PIPES
CONNECTING ONE OR MORE INLETS
PLUMBING LAWS
INTERNATIONAL AND IN PHILIPPINES
 INTERNATIONAL
PLUMBING CODE
THE INTERNATIONAL PLUMBING
CODE (IPC) IS A PROVEN,
COMPREHENSIVE MODEL PLUMBING CODE
THAT WORKS SEAMLESSLY WITH ICC'S
FAMILY OF BUILDING CODES.
 INTERNATIONAL
PLUMBING CODE
IT SETS MINIMUM REGULATIONS FOR
PLUMBING SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS TO
PROTECT LIFE, HEALTH AND SAFETY OF
BUILDING OCCUPANTS AND THE PUBLIC. THE
IPC IS AVAILABLE FOR ADOPTION BY
JURISDICTIONS RANGING FROM STATES TO
TOWNS, AND IS CURRENTLY ADOPTED ON
THE STATE OR LOCAL LEVEL IN 35 STATES IN
THE U.S, THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, GUAM,
AND PUERTO RICO.
 INTERNATIONAL
PLUMBING CODE
THE IPC IS BUILT ON THE PROVEN LEGACY
OF THE BOCA NATIONAL PLUMBING
CODE, SBCCI STANDARD PLUMBING
CODE, AND ICBO PLUMBING CODE
 INTERNATIONAL
PLUMBING CODE
THE IPC IS BUILT ON THE PROVEN LEGACY
OF THE BOCA NATIONAL PLUMBING
CODE, SBCCI STANDARD PLUMBING
CODE, AND ICBO PLUMBING CODE
THE IPC SETS MINIMUM REGULATIONS FOR PLUMBING
SYSTEMS USING BOTH PRESCRIPTIVE AND PERFORMANCE-
RELATED PROVISIONS COVERING TOPICS SUCH AS:

• BACKFLOW PREVENTION
• FIXTURES & FITTINGS
• WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION
PIPING
• WATER HEATERS
• SANITARY DRAINAGE AND VENTING
• TRAPS, GREASE INTERCEPTORS &
SEPARATORS
• STORM DRAINAGE
• NONPOTABLE WATER SYSTEMS
(RAINWATER, GRAY WATER, RECLAIMED
WATER)
 INTERNATIONAL PLUMBING CODE
TODAY'S IPC IS KNOWN FOR:

SAFETY – IT HAS A PROVEN TRACK RECORD PROVIDING SAFE AND SANITARY

PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS.

EASE OF USE – THE IPC USES THE SAME EASY-TO-USE FORMAT PROVIDED IN ALL I-
CODES

EMBRACE OF NEW TECHNOLOGY - THE IPC AND ITS PREDECESSORS HAVE A

TRADITION OF INNOVATION WHILE PROTECTING THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OF THE
PUBLIC.

CORRELATION – THE IPC IS SPECIFICALLY CORRELATED TO WORK WITH ICC'S

FAMILY OF CODES.

OPEN AND HONEST CODE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS - THE IPC IS REVISED ON A

THREE YEAR CYCLE THROUGH ICC'S HIGHLY-RESPECTED CONSENSUS CODE
DEVELOPMENT PROCESS THAT DRAWS UPON THE EXPERTISE OF HUNDREDS OF
PLUMBING, BUILDING AND SAFETY EXPERTS FROM ACROSS NORTH AMERICA.
REPUBLIC ACT NO 1378
AN ACT TO REGULATE THE TRADE OF MASTER PLUMBER
• SECTION 1. THIS ACT SHALL BE KNOWN AS THE "PLUMBING LAW"
• SEC. 2. (A) THE PRACTICE OF PLUMBING WITHIN THE MEANING AND INTENT OF
THIS ACT SHALL EMBRACE SERVICES IN THE FORM OF CONSULTATIONS,
DESIGNING, PREPARATION OF PLANS, SPECIFICATIONS, ESTIMATES,
ERECTION, INSTALLATION AND SUPERVISION OF PLUMBING WORK INCLUDING
THE INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE OF MATERIALS USED THEREIN EXTENSION
AND ALTERATION OF ALL PIPINGS TO FIXTURES, APPLIANCES, AND
APPURTENANCES IN CONNECTION
 (B) THE TERM "MASTER PLUMBER" AS USED IN THIS ACT SHALL MEAN A
PERSON DULY REGISTERED WITH THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR MASTER
PLUMBERS IN THE MANNER AS HEREINAFTER PROVIDED.
• SEC. 3. WITHIN THIRTY DAYS AFTER THE APPROVAL OF THIS ACT, THERE SHALL BE
CREATED A BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR MASTER PLUMBERS
• SEC. 4. THE BOARD SHALL ADMINISTER THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ACT; ISSUE,
SUSPEND OR REVOKE CERTIFICATES OF REGISTRATION OF MASTER PLUMBERS;
AND ADMINISTER OATHS IN CONNECTION WITH SUCH CERTIFICATES OF
REGISTRATION.
• SEC. 6. EACH MEMBER OF THE BOARD SHALL, AT THE TIME OF HIS APPOINTMENT:

(A) BE A CITIZEN AND RESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES;

(B) BE AT LEAST THIRTY YEARS OF AGE AND OF GOOD MORAL CHARACTER; AND

(C) HAS BEEN ACTIVELY ENGAGED IN THE TRADE OF MASTER PLUMBER FOR AT LEAST
FIVE YEARS.CR
• SEC. 7. THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS SHALL CHARGE FOR EACH APPLICANT FOR
EXAMINATION, THE SUM OF THIRTY-FIVE PESOS, AND FOR EACH CERTIFICATE OF
REGISTRATION, TEN PESOS.CRALAW
• SEC. 8. THE MEMBERS OF THE BOARD SHALL EACH RECEIVE AS
COMPENSATION, THE SUM OF TEN PESOS FOR EACH APPLICANT EXAMINED.
ALL AUTHORIZED EXPENSES OF THE BOARD SHALL BE PAID BY THE BUREAU
OF CIVIL SERVICE.
• SEC. 9. THE COMMISSIONER OF CIVIL SERVICE SHALL BE THE EXECUTIVE
OFFICER OF THE BOARD, AND SHALL CONDUCT THE EXAMINATIONS GIVEN BY
THE BOARD AND SHALL DESIGNATE ANY SUBORDINATE OFFICER OF THE
BUREAU OF CIVIL SERVICE TO ACT AS SECRETARY OF THE BOARD. ALL
RECORDS AND MINUTES OF THE BOARD, INCLUDING ALL EXAMINATION
PAPERS, SHALL BE KEPT BY THE BUREAU OF CIVIL SERVICE.CRALAW
• SECTION 10. THE BOARD SHALL SUBMIT AN ANNUAL REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT
OF THE PHILIPPINES AFTER THE CLOSE OF EACH FISCAL YEAR, GIVING A DETAILED
ACCOUNT OF ITS PROCEEDINGS DURING THE YEAR AND MAKING SUCH
RECOMMENDATION AS MAY BE DEEMED PROPER.CRALAW

• SECTION 11. A ROSTER SHOWING THE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF MASTER

PLUMBERS SHALL BE PREPARED BY THE COMMISSIONER OF CIVIL SERVICE
DURING THE MONTH OF JULY OF EVERY YEAR. COPIES OF THIS ROSTER SHALL BE
MAILED TO EACH PERSON SO REGISTERED PLACED ON FILE WITH THE OFFICE OF
THE PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES
• SECTION 12. ALL APPLICANTS FOR REGISTRATION AS MASTER PLUMBER SHALL BE REQUIRED TO PASS AN EXAMINATION
AS HEREINAFTER PROVIDED.CRALAW

PERSONS APPLYING FOR ADMISSION TO THE EXAMINATION AS HEREIN PROVIDED, SHALL, PRIOR TO THE DATE OF
THE EXAMINATION, ESTABLISH TO THE SATISFACTION OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS, THAT HE:

(A) IS AT LEAST TWENTY-ONE YEARS OF AGE;

(B) IS A CITIZEN OF THE PHILIPPINES;

(C) IS OF GOOD MORAL CHARACTER;

(D) IS AT LEAST A HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE;

(E) HAS AT LEAST FIVE YEARS EXPERIENCE IN ACTUAL PLUMBING WORK UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A
REGISTERED MASTER PLUMBER.CRALAW
• SECTION 13. APPLICANTS FOR REGISTRATION AS MASTER PLUMBERS SHALL BE EXAMINED
IN THE FOLLOWING SUBJECTS:

(A) PLUMBING ARITHMETIC, TEN PER CENT;

(B) PLUMBING CODE, TEN PER CENT;

(C) SANITATION, PLUMBING DESIGN AND INSTALLATION, FORTY PER CENT;

(D) PRACTICAL PROBLEMS, TWENTY PER CENT;

(E) ORAL PRACTICAL PROBLEMS AND EXPERIENCE, TWENTY PER CENT.CRALAW

• SECTION 18. THE BOARD SHALL NOT ISSUE A CERTIFICATE TO ANY PERSON
CONVICTED BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION FOR ANY CRIMINAL
OFFENSE INVOLVING MORAL TURPITUDE, OR TO ANY PERSON FOUND GUILTY
OF IMMORAL OR DISHONORABLE CONDUCT, OR TO ANY PERSON OF UNSOUND
MIND
• SECTION 19. SUBJECT TO THE APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE
PHILIPPINES, THE BOARD SHALL HAVE THE POWER, AFTER DUE NOTICE AND
HEARING, TO SUSPEND OR REVOKE THE CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION FOR
ANY OF THE CAUSES MENTIONED IN THE PRECEDING SECTION.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING
PRINCIPLE NO.1
ALL PREMISES INTENDED FOR HUMAN HABITATION, OCCUPANCY OR USE
SHALLBE PROVIDED WITH A SUPPLY OF PURE AND WHOLESOME WATER,
NEITHER CONNECTED WITHUNSAFE WATER SUPPLIES NOR SUBJECT TO
HAZARDS OF BACKFLOW OR BACK-SIPHONAGE.
PRINCIPLE NO.2
PLUMBING FIXTURES, DEVICES AND APPURTENANCES SHALL BE
SUPPLIED WITH WATER IN SUFFICIENT VOLUME AND AT PRESSURE
ADEQUATE TO ENABLE THEM TO FUNCTION SATISFACTORILY AND
WITHOUT UNDUE NOISE UNDER ALL NORMAL CONDITIONS OF USE.
PRINCIPLE NO.3
PLUMBING SHALL BE DESIGNED AND ADJUSTED TO USE THE
MINIMUMQUANTITY OF WATER CONSISTENT WITH PROPER
PERFORMANCE AND CLEANING.
PRINCIPLE NO.4
DEVICES FOR HEATING AND STORING WATER SHALL BE SO
DESIGNED ANDINSTALLED AS TO PREVENT DANGERS FROM
EXPLOSION THROUGH OVERHEATING.
PRINCIPLE NO.5
EVERY BUILDING HAVING PLUMBING FIXTURES INSTALLED AND
INTENDED FORHUMAN HABITATION, OCCUPANCY OR USC ON
PREMISES ABUTTING ON A STREET, ALLEY OREASEMENT WHERE
THERE IS A PUBLIC SEWER, SHALL BE CONNECTED TO THE SEWER
SYSTEM.
PRINCIPLE NO.6
EACH FRUNILY DWELLING UNIT ON PREMISES ABUTTING ON A SEWER OR WITHA
PRIVATE SEWAGE-DISPOSAL SYSTEM SHALL HAVE AT LEAST ONE WATER CLOSET
AND ONE KITCHENTYPESINK. FURTHER, A LAVATORY AND BATHTUB OR SHOWER
SHALL BE INSTALLED TO MEET THEBASIC REQUIREMENTS OF SANITATION AND
PERSONAL HYGIENE.
PRINCIPLE NO.7
PLUMBING FIXTURES SHALL BE MADE OF SMOOTH
NON·ABSORBENT MATERIAL,FREE FROM CONCEALED FOULING
SURFACES AND SHALL BE LOCATED IN VENTILATED ENCLOSURES.
PRINCIPLE NO.8
THE DRAINAGE SYSTEM SHALL BE DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED AND
MAINTAINEDTO SAFEGUARD AGAINST FOULING, DEPOSIT OF
SOLIDS, CLOGGING AND WITH ADEQUATE CLEANOUTSSO
ARRANGED THAT THE PIPES MAY BE READILY CLEANED.
PRINCIPLE NO. 9
ALL PIPINGS OF PLUMBING SYSTEMS SHALL BE OF DURABLE NAMPAP
APPROVEDMATERIALS, FREE FORM DEFECTIVE WORKMANSHIP, DESIGNED AND
CONSTRUCTEDBY REGISTERED MASTER PLUMBERS TO ENSURE SATISFACTORY
SERVICE.
PRINCIPLE NO. 10
EACH FIXTURE DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO THE DRAINAGE SYSTEM
SHALL BEEQUIPPED WITH A WATER-SEALED TRAP.
PRINCIPLE NO. 11
THE DRAINAGE PIPING SYSTEM SHALL BE DESIGNED TO PROVIDE
ADEQUATECIRCULATION OF AIR FREE FROM SIPHONAGE,
ASPIRATION OR FORCING OF TRAP SEALS UNDERORDINARY USE.
PRINCIPLE NO. 12
NO SUBSTANCE WHICH WILL CLOG THE PIPES, PRODUCE
EXPLOSIVEMIXTURE, DESTROY THE PIPES OR THEIR JOINTS OR
INTERFERE UNDULY WITH THE SEWAGE-DISPOSALPROCESS SHALL
BE ALLOWED TO ENTER THE BUILDING DRAINAGE SYSTEM.
PRINCIPLE NO. 13
PROPER PROTECTION SHALL BE PROVIDED TO PREVENT CONTAMINATION
OFFOOD, WATER, STERILE GOODS AND SIMILAR MATERIALS BY BACKFLOW
OF SEWAGE. WHENNECESSARY, THE FIXTURE, DEVICE OR APPLIANCE SHALL
BE CONNECTED INDIRECTLY WITH THEBUILDING DRAINAGE SYSTEM.
PRINCIPLE NO. 14
IF WATER CLOSETS OR OTHER PLUMBING FIXTURES ARE INSTALLED IN
BUILDINGSWHERE THERE IS NO SEWER WITHIN A REASONABLE DISTANCE,
SUITABLE PROVISION SHALL BE MADEFOR DISPOSING OF THE BUILDING
SEWAGE BY SOME ACCEPTED METHOD OF SEWAGE TREATMENTAND DISPOSAL,
SUCH AS A SEPTIC TANK.
PRINCIPLE NO. 15
WHERE A PLUMBING DRAINAGE SYSTEM MAY BE SUBJECT TB
BACKFLOW OFSEWAGE, SUITABLE PROVISION SHALL BE MADE TO
PREVENT ITS OVERFLOW IN THE BUILDING.