CHAPTER 13: VISUAL

INFORMATION AND MEDIA

I. DEFINITION, CHARACTERISTICS FORMAT AND
TYPES, SOURCES, ADVANTAGES AND
LIMITATION AND VALUE

A. Definition Visual Media - refers to sources of data or

information in the form of visual representations such as
images that communicate meaning.
Visual Information and Media - refers to materials, programs,
application and the title that teachers and students use to
formulate new information to aid learning through the use,
analysis, evaluation and production of visual images.
B.Characteristics - visual media requires interpretation of the
data gatherer.
• Format and Types - there are two types of visual media these are non-projected and
projected media.
1. Non-projected Visual Media - is a type of visual media that requires no projection
material or electric power. The following are examples of non-projected visual media.
a. Cartoon d. Flash Cards g. Models
b. Chart e. Illustration h. Pictures
c.Comic Strip f. Map i. Poster
2. Projected Visual Media- use bright light to pass through a transparent picture by means of
a lens or electronic power. (Ex. a. Film Scrip b. Overhead Projector ( OHP) c. Presentations)
C. Sources - these sources may be hosted on the internet, printed in publications displayed
through broadcast media or otherwise disseminated such as television, film, photography and
printing, etc.
D. Advantages and Limitations- Visual media provides greater impact and reteration among
audiences from entertainment to education. It attracts learner, motivates to focus on learning
and easily remember the learning process. However, unregulated used of visual media
especially to children can be harmful due to some content that are violent and inappropriate.
E. Value - visual information plays a very important role in information dissemination.
Infographic or information graphic, for example is a representation of information in a graphic
format designed to make the data easily understandable at a glance.
II. VISUAL DESIGN

Visual Message Design refers to design principles and elements in the production of visual media
and information that take into consideration, the visual perception of the audiendce in regards
with their prior knowledge.

A.Principles of Design
The principles of design are recipe for a good work of art. The principles combine the elements to
an aesthetic placement of things that will produce a good design.
1. Center of Interest - is an area that first attracts attention in composition. This area is more
important when compared to the other objects or elements in a composition.
2. Balance- is a feeling of visual equality in shape, form, value, color, etc. It can be symmetrical or
evenly balanced or asymetrical or unevenly balanced.
3. Harmony - brings together a composition with similar units. If your composition is using wavy
lines and organic shapes you would staywith those types of lines and not to put in just one
geometric shape.
4. Contrast - offers some change in value creating a visual discord in composition. Contrast
shows the difference between shapes and can be used as a background to bring objects and
forward in design. It can also be used to create an area of emphasis.
5. Directional Movement - is a visual flow through a composition. It can be the suggestion of
motion in a design as you move from object to object by way placemen and position.
6. Rhythm - is a movement in which some elements recurs regularly. Like a dance it will have a
flow of objects that will seem to be like the of music.
B. Elements of Visual Design
1. Line
• a mark on surface that describes a shape of outline
• Can create texture and can be thick or thin
• Types of line include actual, implied, vertical, horizontal, diagonal and contour lines
2. Color
• Refers to specific hues
• Has 3 properties: chroma, intensity, value
3. Texture
• Surface quality, either tactile of visual
• Degree of roughness or smoothness in objects
• Can be real or implied by different uses of media
4. Shape
• 2 dimensional, no thickness
• Can be grouped to geometric and organic
5. Form
• 3- dimensional; has volume and thickness
• Can be viewed from many angles
6.Value
• Degree of light and dark in a design
• Can be used with a color as well as black and white
• Contrast is the extreme changes between values
7. Size
• Variations in the proportions of objects, lines, or shapes.
• Variations can either be real or imagined.
III. SELECTION CRITERIA

FORM CONTENT
1. Text are always readable 1. Summarized texts are still
2. Background color or faithful
Visual designs are almost everywhere in our society. to the full
The selection details
criteria or checklist below
will aid you in coming up with an effective visual design both in form and content
2. Footnotes and disclaimers are
images are supporting the
present when crucial detail is
main text or object in the presented.
design 3. If the material provokes action
or response include contact or
furthermore details.
 4. When presenting a
phenomenon or event,
3. Every element has a provide actual and real
purpose or is coherent images of the subject
to other elements. matter
4. There is a color and 5. When screening a
font scheme visual design, figure out
5. Text components have its originality, resources
hierarchy used and information
being presented
IV. DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS

A. Principles for creating a Visual Design

1. Unity - is the cohesiveness of all the elements in a design both in visual and concept.
2. Gestalt - is the feeling of the "design works." Gestalt is in place or very clear if audience see the
design elements working as one to convey a message.
3. Space - is called "white space" or "negative space". It is the space between design elements
working as separators in order to highlight the rule or character of every element.
4. Dominance - highlights the focal point of the design. The audience can easily see the main
point of the design is dominance is properly defined.
5. Hierarchy - shows the level of importance of every element in the design material.
6. Balance - is the perception of the audience that the elements are distributed equally in
the canvass.
7. Scale - is the relative sure of an element to other elements. Bigger scales creates
interest and dominance in an element while small-scaled objects are perceived as
secondary elements or supplementary details.

B. Elements of Visual Design

Creating Visual Designs includes few or all of the ff. elements
1. Line - is a mark in a surfave connecting two points.
KINDS OF LINES
a. Vertical Lines - straight lines moving up and down.
b. Horizontal Lines - lines w/ch are parallel to horizon.
c. Diagonal Lines - lines that are slant
d. Zigzag Lines - lines made up of diagonal lines
e. Curved Lines - lines w/ gradual change in direction
2. Shape - is a self contain area from a series of lines.
• Circles project eternity, wholeness & completeness
• Squares & rectangles show stability order, formality and solidity
• Triangles represent action, direction and dynamic tension
• Spirals depict creativity and continuity
3. Form - describes the depth of three dimensional 3D
objects
4. Texture - describes the surface of an object or elements
TYPES OF TEXTURE
a. Tactile Texture - also called as "real texture". A 3D texture
which people can actually feel or touch
b. Implied Texture - a 2D texture w/c can be seen but not
touched
5.Color Palette - is a set of colors used in emphasizing,
distinguishing and organizing information or elements in a
design.
 COLOR MEANINGS
RED - hot, violence, warfare, love, passion, prosperity, danger, and power
ORANGE - change, movement, health, vitality and command
YELLOW - happiness, deceit, warning and positivity
GREEN - growth, abundance, envy and nature
BLUE - calmness, responsiblity, strong and peace
PURPLE - royalty, mourning, romantic, wealth & luxury
BLACK - power, elegance, formality, death and mystery
WHITE - purity, cleanliness abd virtue
GRAY - mood swings, conservative, modern & professionalism
BROWN - earthiness, dull, reliability & dependapility
BEIGE & TAN - simplicity and humility
CREAM & IVORY - quiet, elegance and calmness
6. Typography - describes the font style used in a visual design including the size,
alignment, color, spacing, outline and texture.
GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) is a freely available open source application for
creating and manipulating graphic images. GIMP is distributed under licensing terms defined by
the GNU project.
www.gimp.org/tutorials
The different parts of the GIMP interface
1. The Menu Bar contains all the options you need to navigate and maneuver the software
2. The Tool Box contains button icons that represent the tools. The foreground and background
option is also located in the tool box.
3. The Layers, Channels, Paths Window is a group of tabs showing different
channels, layers, and paths of your project
4. The Brushes, Patterns, Gradients Window is a group of tabs that allows you to
set the options when using a brush, pattern or gradients.
5 The Tool Options displays the specific options and settings of the selected tool in
toolbox.