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Evaporite Stratigraphic Signals of Base Level Change in The Geologic Record
Evaporite Stratigraphic Signals of Base Level Change in The Geologic Record
STRATIGRAPHIC SIGNALS
OF BASE LEVEL CHANGE
IN THE GEOLOGIC RECORD
MASANDAM
Wind direction of PENINSULA
“Shamal”
26oN
Ras Al
Khaimah GULF OF
OMAN
Fujairah
Dubai
QATAR
Ras
Ghanada
Jabal
Odaid
ABU
DHABI
24oN
OMAN
Central Coast
SAUDI Western Coast
ARABIA
50 km
Major coastal provinces of the United Arab Emirates and the bathymetry of the Southern
Arabian Gulf in fathoms (modified from Purser, 1973).
Western Coast of the United Arab Emirates
Supratidal
Sabkha
Evaporites
Ptygmatic
Anhydrite Diapiric
& Storm Washover Anhydrite
After Gypsum
Upper Intertidal
Cyanobacteria
Mats
Deflation
Surface of
Aeolian
Carbonate
Sabkha
Sediments Basin
Margin
Carbonates
Upper Tidal
Flat Dolomite
Windblown
& Fluvial Silts
Collapse Breccia in the Seven
Rivers Formation Dark Canyon,
New Mexico.
Upper
Tidal Flat Collapse
Dolomites after
Evaporites
Upper
tidal flat
dolomites
Basinal
evaporites
Restricted Playas & Basin
Evaporites
Match sea level of Lowstand and
Transgressive System Tract
Matrix poor
Deeper parts of the isolated evaporite
basin
Extensive bodies
Thin interbedded fabric reflects seasonal
evaporative cycles of circum basin climate
Dead Sea
Light layers
are
Gypsum
Dark layers
are
Dolomite
Evaporites as Time Markers
Hierarchical classification
of climate drivers,
with temporal scale of
operation (vertical axis)
and relative temperature
change effected at
each ordinal scale
(horizontal axis).
Examples/Evidence:
Evaporites of Mesozoic to Tertiary of
Middle East; Paleozoic & Mesozoic the
USA, Europe & Middle East
Arid Climates Common in
Earth History
Evidenced by:-
Salt Flat Evaporites
Arid Coastline Evaporites
Isolated Marine & Lacustrian
Evaporite Basins
Eolian sediments
Evaporite generation during
break up of continental
plates
Isolated linear belts of interior drainage.
Linear belts connected by restricted
entrance to the sea.
Regional drainage tends to flow away from
break up margin
Air system of the arid tropics
Wide envelope of surrounding continents.
Break Up Margin Evaporites
Mesozoic of Northern Atlantic
Isolated linear
Belt of interior
drainage