PERPETUATION OF LIFE

• PLANT AND ANIMAL REPRODUCTION

REPRODUCTION IS THE PROCESS OF GENERATING
OFFSPRING.

There are two main types of

reproduction: sexual and
asexual
 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

•The type of reproduction where cells

from only one parent are used, is called
asexual. Only genetically-identical
organisms are produced by this type of
reproduction.
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

During sexual reproduction, two gametes from

both parents fuse, forming a zygote. A zygote is
also referred to as a fertilized egg. All gametes are
haploid cells, meaning they have only one set of
chromosomes (1n). So, when gametes fuse, they
form a diploid organism: 1n+1n=2n.
REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS
FLOWER
• Sexual reproductive structure

• Produces egg and sperm

• Fertilization takes place inside the flower

Female Male
reproductive reproductive
organ organ
Pistil Stamen

Stigma Anther

Filament
Style

Ovary
Petal
Ovule
Sepal
Receptacle

Stem
Pistil / Carpel
*Stigma –top of the pistil, sticky surface for
pollen to stick to
*Style – connects the stigma to the ovary
*Ovary –contains ovules ( eggs)
Ovules – These are the egg cells of a
flower.
 Stamen
*Anther – produces sperm nuclei by
meiosis. Sperm nuclei are enclosed
by pollen grains.
*Filament – holds the anther up
 OTHER STRUCTURE OF FLOWERS
• Petals: This layer lies just above the sepal layer. They are often bright in
colour as their main function is to attract pollinators such as insects,
butterflies and others to the flower. The petals are collectively known as
the corolla.
• Sepals: These are the small, leaf-like parts growing at the base of the
petals.
• Receptacle: It is that part of the flower to which the stalk is attached
to. It is small and found at the center of the base of the flower.
• Stem is the main structural support for most complex plants
 POLLINATION
• Transfer of mature pollen grains from the anther to the stigma
-wind
-insects
-birds & other animals
 •Watch this video for
further understanding
•
 SHORT QUIZ……
1-3. Three types of pollinators.
4. What is the female part of the flower?
5. These are the small, leaf-like parts growing at the base of the petals.
6. is the main structural support for most complex plants.
7. What do you call the flower that contain both male and female
reproductive parts?
8. What do you call the flower that contain either male and female
reproductive parts?
9.What do you call the transfer of pollen grains that takes place in the
same flower.
10.It holds the anther up.
11. It is called a fertilized eggs.
12-13. Examples of bisexual flowers.
14.What is the male reproductive organs of the flower?
15. is the process of generating offspring.