Presented By:

Mr. S S. Haral
 PROPERTIES OF AMMONIA
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with
the formula NH3.
Ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell.
Its
Melting point = -77.7˚C
Boiling point = -33.4˚C
Molecular wt = 17.03

It acts a weak acid and base.

It is miscible in water.
• Fertilizers

• Cleaners

• As a fuel

•Fermentation

• Antimicrobial agent for food products

•Textile

• Laboratories

• Hair Products
• Raw Materials –
Nitrogen (N2 ) -From air

Hydrogen (H2)- A typical modern ammonia-producing

plant first converts natural gas (i.e., methane)
or LPG (liquified petroleum gases such
as propane and butane) or petroleum naphtha into
gaseous hydrogen. The method for producing hydrogen
from hydrocarbons is referred to as "Steam Reforming".

Chemical reaction:

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g) ∆H= -22kcal

(catalyst - promoted iron catalyst)

• Ammonia synthesis gas (H2 - N2gas ) - 3:1 mole ratio - compressed to
operating pressure of 100-1000atm .

• It is send through an oil filter to remove compression oil and additionally

through a high temperature guard converter.

• The guard converter converts CO & CO2 to CH4 and removes traces of
H2O, H2S, P and As.

• This gas is passed along outside the converter tube walls. This gas flows
inside the tube containing promoted porous iron catalyst at 550°C.

• The ammonia(NH3) product produced is removed by condensation,

first with water cooling and then ammonia refrigeration.

• The unconverted N2-H2 is separated and recirculated to allow 85-

90% yield.