Welcome to

Presentation
 Presenting The Relation
between Cognitive Science
And The Robotics
Engineering…
 Presentation Agenda
Introduction
Scope of Cognitive Robotics
Relation between Cognitive Science
Conclusions
 What is a Robot…?

A re-programmable, multifunctional, automatic industrial machine designed to replace

human in hazardous work. It can be used as:-

o An automatic machine sweeper.

o An automatic car for a child to play with
o A machine removing mines in a war field
o In Space
o In military, and many more….
 What is Cognitive Robotics?

Cognitive robotics is a field of technology involving robots that can

learn from experience, from human teachers, and even on their own,
thereby developing the ability to effectively deal with their
environment.
Scope Of Cognitive Robotics:
 Human Computer Interaction (HCI)
 Brain Computer Interface (BCI)
 Bio-Signal
 Functional near-infrared (FNIR)
 Functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI)
 Electro-Encephalography (EEG)
 Electrooculography (EOG)
 Electromyography (EMG)
Human Computer Interaction
Human-computer interaction (HCI) is a multidisciplinary field of
study focusing on the design of computer technology and, in
particular, the interaction between humans (the users) and
computers. While initially concerned with computers, HCI has
since expanded to cover almost all forms of information
technology design.
Relation between Cognitive Science & HCI
 Sensing the graphical view
 Taking Decision
 Making Output
Brain Computer Interface (BCI)
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer alternative communication
pathways between the brain and its environment. They can be used to
replace a defective biological function or to provide the user with new
ways of interaction.
Relation between Cognitive Science & BCI
 Portable medical application
 Motor speed control
 Drowsy driver detection
 Light intensity control
 Music play based on mind state
 Mind gamming
Bio-Signal
A bio signal is any signal in living beings that can be
continually measured and monitored. The term bio signal is often used to
refer to bioelectrical signals, but it may refer to both electrical and non-
electrical signals. The usual understanding is to refer only to time-varying
signals, although spatial parameter variations (e.g. the nucleotide sequence
determining the genetic code) are sometimes subsumed as well.
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Electromyogram (EMG)
• Mechanomyogram (MMG)
• Electrooculography (EOG)
• Galvanic skin response (GSR)
• Magnetoencephalogram (MEG)
Relation between Cognitive Science & Bio-Signal

 Body Dynamics and Torque Pattern Generation Models

 Anomaly Score Calculation
 Internal State Estimation
 Mechanical arm control and movement
 Recognition of human brain pattern
 Recognition of human emotion
 Making the robot social and natural as human being
 Automation of robot according the environment
 Functional near-infrared (FNIR)
FNIR is an optical imaging technology that measures neural activity and hemodynamic
response in the prefrontal cortex.The subject wears a sensor on the forehead that includes
four IR light sources and ten detectors that are mounted in a flexible band.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures the small

changes in blood flow that occur with brain activity. It may be used to
examine the brain's functional anatomy, (determine which parts of the
brain are handling critical functions), evaluate the effects of stroke or
other disease, or to guide brain treatment.
Electro-Encephalography (EEG)
Electroencephalography , or EEG, is the physiological method of choice
to record the electrical activity generated by the brain via electrodes
placed on the scalp surface. For faster application, electrodes are
mounted in elastic caps similar to bathing caps, ensuring that the data
can be collected from identical scalp positions across all respondents.
Electrooculography (EOG)
Electrooculography is a technique used to measure the cornea-retinal
standing potential present between the front and the back of the eye. A
steady electric potential is present between the positively charged cornea
and negatively charged retina of eye. The magnitude of this cornea-
retinal potential is in the range 0.4-1.0 m. This potential is generated due
to the occurrence of higher metabolic activity in the retina. The signal is
known as the Electrooculogram (EOG).
Electromyography (EMG)
Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure to assess the health
of muscles and the nerve cells that control them (motor neurons). EMG
results can reveal nerve dysfunction, muscle dysfunction or problems
with nerve-to-muscle signal transmission.
Conclusions
We have highlighted the importance of interaction in the cognition,
robotics, interaction triplet. This perspective has enabled us to illustrate
that interaction is not just contextual, but rather an enabling and
constitutive component of social cognition. Although cognition can, as
also illustrated here, rightfully be seen as a bridge between robotics
and interaction, the latter also functions as a bridge between robotics
and cognition; in particular enabling robotics research to develop
cognitive architectures in which the interaction likewise plays a
constitutive, enabling component (as opposed to being the outcome).
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