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Program Studi Arsitektur: Tjetjeng Sofjan S, IAI
Program Studi Arsitektur: Tjetjeng Sofjan S, IAI
Program Studi Arsitektur: Tjetjeng Sofjan S, IAI
• In the second phase, buildings range from 10 to 42 storeys and from 170,000 to 1.2 million ft^sup 2^, of
which 8 million ft^sup 2^ are under construction. The choice of structural system and structural material has a
major influence on construction time and cost.
• Stability design
• In high-rise buildings, lateral loads become an increasingly dominant parameter for the planning and design
of the whole building. Lateral stability systems are frequently fitted within the central core and services have
to be carefully integrated with the structure. This is true if the dominant lateral load is wind or seismic loading.
• Two principal criteria are used in assessing building stability: drift and acceleration. Drift is simply the ratio of
the building deflection over its height, and the critical parameter is usually inter-storey (floor-to-floor) drift
rather than total building drift. Building acceleration is a measure of the speed with which drift occurs, and
acceptance criteria are based on human tolerance of movement.
• Options for stability
• The three most popular systems for providing stability are shear walls, external tubes and combination or
dual systems.
BANGUNAN TINGGI
• In the second phase, buildings range from 10 to 42 storeys and from 170,000 to 1.2 million ft^sup 2^, of
which 8 million ft^sup 2^ are under construction. The choice of structural system and structural material has a
major influence on construction time and cost.
• Stability design
• In high-rise buildings, lateral loads become an increasingly dominant parameter for the planning and design
of the whole building. Lateral stability systems are frequently fitted within the central core and services have
to be carefully integrated with the structure. This is true if the dominant lateral load is wind or seismic loading.
• Two principal criteria are used in assessing building stability: drift and acceleration. Drift is simply the ratio of
the building deflection over its height, and the critical parameter is usually inter-storey (floor-to-floor) drift
rather than total building drift. Building acceleration is a measure of the speed with which drift occurs, and
acceptance criteria are based on human tolerance of movement.
• Options for stability
• The three most popular systems for providing stability are shear walls, external tubes and combination or
dual systems.
BANGUNAN PENCAKAR LANGIT
• Floor systems
• There are few floor systems suitable for use in commercial buildings and
only a handful for large-span commercial office buildings. At Canary Wharf,
composite floors are the most popular, although reinforced concrete floors
have sometimes been used.
• Composite floors
• Such floors were developed in the USA and first used in the UK in the early
1970s. Typically, a floor will consist of 130mm of lightweight concrete on
profiled metal decking. After the concrete has gained strength, the decking
acts as the tension reinforcement in a composite steel/concrete slab. The
slab is generally supported on steel beams that act compositely with the slab
via shear studs welded in-situ to the beam. This is the favoured floor slab for
superstructure floors in all Canary Wharf projects, where clear spans of
13.Sm or more are typical.
• Reinforced concrete floors
• Reinforced concrete floors are not commonly used for the superstructure
floors of high-rise buildings in the UK. A notable exception is Tower 42 in the
City of London (formerly the NatWest Tower). The self-weight of concrete,
the large spans and the relative cheapness of steel militates against
reinforced concrete for this purpose. Reinforced concrete floors are more
common in short span buildings and in some countries where steel is
relatively expensive. Basement floors, however, are often made from
reinforced concrete. In most Canary Wharf buildings, the basement
suspended floors are reinforced concrete flat slabs. Additional columns allow
for shorter spans and thin and economic flat slabs can be produced. Column
drops or heads can be incorporated, permitting further reduction of slab
thickness
BANGUNAN PENCAKAR LANGIT
• Floor systems
• There are few floor systems suitable for use in commercial buildings and
only a handful for large-span commercial office buildings. At Canary Wharf,
composite floors are the most popular, although reinforced concrete floors
have sometimes been used.
• Composite floors
• Such floors were developed in the USA and first used in the UK in the early
1970s. Typically, a floor will consist of 130mm of lightweight concrete on
profiled metal decking. After the concrete has gained strength, the decking
acts as the tension reinforcement in a composite steel/concrete slab. The
slab is generally supported on steel beams that act compositely with the slab
via shear studs welded in-situ to the beam. This is the favoured floor slab for
superstructure floors in all Canary Wharf projects, where clear spans of
13.Sm or more are typical.
• Reinforced concrete floors
• Reinforced concrete floors are not commonly used for the superstructure
floors of high-rise buildings in the UK. A notable exception is Tower 42 in the
City of London (formerly the NatWest Tower). The self-weight of concrete,
the large spans and the relative cheapness of steel militates against
reinforced concrete for this purpose. Reinforced concrete floors are more
common in short span buildings and in some countries where steel is
relatively expensive. Basement floors, however, are often made from
reinforced concrete. In most Canary Wharf buildings, the basement
suspended floors are reinforced concrete flat slabs. Additional columns allow
for shorter spans and thin and economic flat slabs can be produced. Column
drops or heads can be incorporated, permitting further reduction of slab
thickness
SISTEM STUKTUR DINDING PEMIKUL
(BEARING WALL SYSTEMS)