GREEN BUILDING STRATEGIES

BY : M A LECDAN, PEC KLEY, B A R ADI

WHAT IS GREEN BUILDING?
Green building (also known as green construction or
sustainable building) refers to both a structure and
the application of processes that are
environmentally responsible and resource-efficient
throughout a building's life-cycle:

from planning to design,

construction,
operation,
maintenance,
renovation, and
demolition.
Green sustainable building incorporates and
integrates a variety of strategies during the design,
construction and operation of building projects. The
use of green building materials and products
represents one important strategy in the design of a
home. Green building offers specific benefits to the
homeowner and the environment:

• Lower utility costs

• Improved occupant health & productivity
• Reduced energy consumption
• Materials are more durable reducing
maintenance/replacement costs over the life of the home
• Green homes have higher resale value & require less
maintenance
• Improved air & water quality
SOLAR POWER
Solar power is the conversion of energy from
sunlight into electricity, either directly
using photovoltaics, indirectly using
concentrated solar power, or a combination.
 THREE MAIN WAYS TO HARNESS
SOLAR ENERGY
Photovoltaic generate electricity
directly from sunlight via an
electronic process and can be used
to power anything from small
electronics such as calculators and
road signs up to homes and large
commercial businesses.

Solar heating & cooling (SHC) and

concentrating solar power (CSP)
applications both use the heat
generated by the sun to provide
space or water heating in the case
of SHC systems, or to run traditional
electricity-generating turbines in the
case of CSP power plants.
SOME OF THE MAJOR APPLICATION
OF SOLAR ENERGY
(a) Solar water heating
(b) Solar heating of buildings
(c) Solar distillation
(d) Solar pumping
(e) Solar drying of agricultural and animal
products
(f) Solar furnaces
(g) Solar cooking
(h) Solar electric power generation
(i) Solar thermal power production
(j) Solar green houses.
 INDOOR
FARMING
Definition :
Indoor farming is a method of growing crops
or plants, usually on a large scale, entirely
indoors. This method of farming often
implements growing methods such as
hydroponics and utilizes artificial lights to
provide plants with the nutrients and light
levels required for growth.
A wide variety of plants can be grown
indoors, but fruits, vegetables, and herbs
are the most popular.
Maximum Yield
On a large scale, indoor farming is being used to help
bolster local food supplies and provide fresh produce to
communities in large cities. Many of these farms are
vertical farms and can produce much more crops in a
small area than can be produced in outdoor, soil-based
farms. However, not all indoor farms are built on such a
large scale. Some indoor farms can be created in an
area as small as a basement and used by a single
gardener to provide fresh produce for their home.
Most indoor farming uses a combination of hydroponics
and artificial lighting to provide plants with the nutrients
and light they would only receive when grown outdoors.
However, some indoor farming methods, like those
implemented in greenhouses, can use a combination of
natural and artificial resources.
When growing indoors, many indoor farmers appreciate
having more control over the environment than they do
when they are using traditional farming methods. Light
Although growing plants indoors can limit growing
options, gardeners and farmers have a wide variety
of plants to choose from when deciding what to
grow indoors. Some of the most popular plants
grown indoors are usually crop plants like lettuce,
tomatoes, peppers, and herbs.
 INDOOR FARMING
INNOVATIONS

HYDROPONICS AER0PONICS HYDROPONICS

Growing Plants Without Growing Plants Without An ecosystem Growing
Soil Soil and very little water Plants and fish
 INDOOR FARMING
INNOVATIONS

LOKAL AER0FARMS SKYFARMS

Serving fresh food right Growing Plants Without Wind powered vertical
where it’s grown Soil and any sun farming tower
RAINWATER COLLECTION
SYSTEMS
Rainwater harvesting is the
accumulation and storage of
rainwater for reuse on-site, rather
than allowing it to run off. Rainwater
can be collected from rivers or roofs,
and in many places, the water
collected is redirected to a deep pit,
aquifer, a reservoir with percolation,
or collected from dew or fog with
nets or other tools. Its uses include
water for gardens, livestock,
irrigation, domestic use with proper
treatment, indoor heating for
houses, etc.
 TYPES OF WATER COLLECTING SYSTEMS
Indirect Gravity
This type of system differs in that the harvested water is first
pumped to a high level tank (header tank), then allowed
to supply the outlets by gravity alone. With this
arrangement, the pump only has to work when the header
tank needs filling. Also the mains water is fed directly to
the header tank, not into the main harvesting tank.

Indirect Pumped
This arrangement is similar to the above, except that the
internal tank can be at any level in the building, as it does
not rely on gravity to supply the outlets. Instead a booster
pump set is used to provide a pressurised supply. This
system employs the benefit of not having to feed mains
Gravity Only
In some situations It may be possible to have a system that
functions purely through gravity, requiring no pump and
therefore no energy use. With this arrangement, rainwater is
collected from a part of the roof which has gutters above the
filter and collection tank which are in turn above all the
outlets. This arrangement is ONLY ever possible where the
storage tank can be located below the level of the gutters,
yet higher that the outlets that it will supply. Only the power
of gravity is needed to feed collected and filtered water to
various parts of the home for use, so it is an ultra-energy
efficient option.

Water Butt
The most basic form of harvesting is the humble garden water
butt. Water collects in the container from drain pipes and/or
natural rainfall, and is mainly used for the watering of garden
Direct-Pumped (Submersible)
This is the most common type of more professional
rainwater harvesting system, particularly for domestic
properties, and is generally the easiest to install. The
pump is located within the underground tank and
harvested water is simply pumped directly to the WCs or
other appliances. If the tank should be in danger of
running dry, a small amount of mains water is fed to it in
order to maintain supply. For commercial projects, such
systems tend to be dual pump arrangements.

Direct-Pumped (Suction)
This system differs in that the pump is not inside the tank,
but instead is located within a control unit within the house
(e.g. utility room). The unit also deals with the backup
from mains water supply, so there is no need to send
GREEN WALLS
Green walls are vertical structures that have different
types of plants or other greenery attached to them.
The greenery is often planted in a growth medium
consisting of soil, stone, or water.
Because the
walls have
living plants in
them, they
usually feature
built-in irrigation
systems.
INDOORS OR OUTDOORS
Outdoor and indoor green walls are used for different
purposes and in various environments. They can be
made of a range of materials and plants, depending
on the most suitable solution for each space.
Outdoor green walls are primarily visual elements.
Although they can also be cost effective in that they
reduce overall temperatures, capture rainwater or
insulate buildings, they are mostly used to bring
greenery into urban landscapes. The construction of
these living walls has restrictions in terms of the
climate,
Indoor as they
green walls, have tohave
however, endure
moretheir surrounding
circumstances,
limitations in terms of which may
their size, assometimes
they take a toll on
havethe structure
to fit the spaceand plants
they are in.ofBecause
the wall.
of said limitations, they are often easier to
maintain, though.
Smart and active green walls are only used
indoors because their air purification
efficiency would not be powerful enough to
impact outdoor spaces. Moreover, the
plants used in these green walls are
tropical and would not survive in most
THERE ARE TWO MAJOR
CATEGORIES:
Green façades are wall systems where climbing plants or
cascading groundcovers are trained to cover specially
designed supporting structures. Plant materials can be
rooted at the base of the structures, in intermediate
planters, or on rooftops. Green façades can be attached
to existing walls or built as freestanding structures.
Living walls (also called biowalls, “mur” vegetal, or vertical gardens) are
composed of pre-vegetated panels or integrated fabric systems that
are affixed to a structural wall or frame. Modular panels can be
comprised of polypropylene plastic containers, geotextiles, irrigation,
and growing medium and vegetation. This system supports a great
diversity of plant species, including a mixture of groundcovers, ferns,
low shrubs, perennial flowers, and edible plants. Living walls perform
well in full sun, shade, and interior applications, and can be used in
both tropical and temperate locations.
TWO PRIMARY TYPES
1. Modular trellis systems —rigid lightweight
panels—are installed vertically as either wall-
mounted or freestanding systems. They can be
used on tall buildings in conjunction with
intermediate planters or on rooftops. These
planters may be required where the growth of
climbing plants is physically restricted.
Freestanding structures, such as green columns or
canopy tree forms made of rigid panels, can be placed on
either urban streets or rooftops where space is limited or
weight is restricted. The panels can also be used in horizontal
applications such as arbors or as shading devices over the
upper level of a parking deck.
2. Cable and rope wire systems consist of a kit of parts
that includes high-tensile steel cables, wire trellises,
anchors, spacers, and supplementary equipment.
Vertical and horizontal wires can be connected
through cross clamps to form a flexible trellis
system in various sizes and patterns. To cover large
areas, stainless steel wire-rope nets can be
supported on flexible or rigid frame.
 BEST PLANT TYPES TO USE FOR
GREEN WALLS
1. Green façades use climbing plants, which are divided into
self-supporting plants (root climbers and adhesive-suckers)
and plants that need supporting structure (twining vines, leaf-
stem climbers, leaf climbers, and scrambling plants). Climbers
vary by hardiness, orientation, and climate.

2. Plants used in vertical exterior applications are exposed to

harsher climactic conditions than those at grade or indoors,
and as a result, hardy species should be selected for projects
that intend to reach great heights. Similarly, climbers with a
tolerance for wind, frost, and heat should be selected for
projects in less hospitable climates. Rooted at the base of a
green facade, climbing plants may take 3-5 years to achieve
full coverage.
3. Living walls are comprised of a variety of plants in
pre-vegetated panels grown in greenhouses and
assembled four to six months later on a frame
attached to a structural wall. Species are usually
selected based upon their tolerance of growing
system, site-specific environmental conditions, color,
texture, rates of propagation, and root systems. The
panels support groundcovers, ferns, low shrubs,
perennial flowers, and edible plants. Pre-vegetated
living walls offer an instant green wall for immediate
impact.
 “the facade is
composed of lattice
patterns alternated
with vertical
landscapes that filter
the strong tropical
sunlight into a
pleasant play of light
and shadow on the
textured walls.
Various plants are
carefully allocated
and become a part
of the architectural
PURE SPA, DA NANG CITY, screens.”

VIETNAM
A 15 ROOM TREATMENT CENTER WITH AN ORIGINAL
ARCHITECTURE, FEATURING BEAUTIFUL HANGING GARDENS.
GREEN ROOFS
green roof or living roof is a roof of a
building that is partially or completely
covered with vegetation and a growing
medium, planted over a waterproofing
membrane.
Green roofs serve several purposes for a building, such as absorbing
rainwater, providing insulation, creating a habitat for wildlife,
increasing benevolence and decreasing stress of the people around
the roof by providing a more aesthetically pleasing landscape, and
helping to lower urban air temperatures and mitigate the heat island
effect. Green roofs are suitable for retrofit or redevelopment projects
as well as new buildings and can be installed on small garages or
larger industrial, commercial and municipal buildings.
WIND TURBINES
A wind turbine, or alternatively referred to
as a wind energy converter, is a device
that converts the wind's kinetic energy
into electrical energy.
A wind turbine turns wind energy into electricity using
the aerodynamic force from the rotor blades, which
work like an airplane wing or helicopter rotor blade.
When wind flows across the blade, the air pressure
on one side of the blade decreases. The difference
in air pressure across the two sides of the blade
creates both lift and drag. The force of the lift is
stronger than the drag and this causes the rotor to
spin. The rotor connects to the generator, either
directly (if it’s a direct drive turbine) or through a
shaft and a series of gears (a gearbox) that speed
up the rotation and allow for a physically smaller
generator. This translation of aerodynamic force to
rotation of a generator creates electricity.
TWO TYPES OF WIND TURBINES
HORIZONTAL-AXIS TURBINES
Horizontal-axis wind turbines are what
many people picture when thinking of
wind turbines. Most commonly, they
have three blades and operate
"upwind," with the turbine pivoting at
the top of the tower so the blades face
into the wind.
VERTICAL-AXIS TURBINES
Vertical-axis wind turbines come in
several varieties, including the
eggbeater-style Darrieus model,
named after its French inventor. These
turbines are omnidirectional, meaning
they don’t need to be adjusted to point
into the wind to operate.