THESIS

DEFENSE PH

A STUDY ON THE
EFFECTS OF
DEFORESTATION IN THE
PHILIPPINES
A Thesis
Submitted to Colegio de San Juan de Letran-
Manaoag
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements in Philippine History I GROUP 4
For 1st Semester of S.Y 2019-2020 PRESENTATION
November,
26,2019
 A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF
DEFORESTATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

RAMOS,YASMINE M.
GUTIERREZ,MA. CHRISTINA
COLUMBINO, MELISSA
GARCIA, JAMAICA
ARAOS,MIKAELLA F.
GOROSPE, GERALD M.
LANDINGIN,LESTER S.
PAULO, JEFFERSON
FINULIAR, NEWTON R.
ORDONO,PAUL BRYAN P.
Researchers
CRISANTO C. SALAYOG
Philippine History and
Research Teacher
TOPIC:
• WHAT IS DEFORESTATION?
• WHAT ARE THE MAJOR CAUSES OF
DEFORESTATION IN THE
PHILIPPINES?
• WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF
DEFORESTATION IN EVERY ASPECTS
OF LIFE OF FILIPINO CITIZENS?
• HOW TO PREVENT DEFORESTATION
Forests are among the
Philippines major
resources but have
suffered severe
depletion as a result of
logging, ineffective
reforestation, population
pressure, and shifting
cultivation. The human
pressure on forests has
significantly increased in
recent decades.
The Philippines is one of the most
severely deforested countries in
the tropics and most
deforestation has happened in
the last 40 years. Over the past
three decades, due to improved
methods of exploitation,
processing, and transport, growth
of external markets and rapidly
expanding populations, the
depletion of forest resources has
intensified dramatically. The
effects of tropical deforestation
are well known in the country.
This study aims to:
1. determine the main causes of deforestation in
the Philippines;
2. determine its effect on the different aspects of
life of every Filipino citizen; will also administer
the state of forestry from the past civilization
to the present year and
3. give cues to prevent the effects of widespread
deforestation in the Philippines.
 RELATED LITERATURE

PHILIPPINE DAILY INQUIRER

JOURNAL ARTICLES
RELATED STUDIES FROM DIFFERENT
SCHOLARS WITH REGARDS TO
DEFORESTATION
 RESEARCH DESIGN

 This study uses the descriptive method of research in

studying the environmental issues specifically
deforestation in the Philippines and to enhance the
following problems:
 First to determine what is major cause of
deforestation in the country.
 Second, to determine the effects of deforestation in
Philippines biodiversity, human life and health, and
the economy also in the environment .
 Last, to provide solutions and actions in the
continuous depletion of forest in the country.
 GENERAL PROCEDURES

The researchers started on the first semester

of the Philippine History school-year 2019-
2020. Past to present studies from the
internet with regard to deforestation in the
Philippines has been administered to supply
the information needed in the study.
 DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT

Researchers make use of Internet as

a medium in collecting all the data
and statistics and to gather
information from different scholars
and environmental studies that will
supply the entire cope of study.
 PARTICIPANTS OF THE STUDY

 The participants of the study are the key

informants from the Internet that conducted
their study about the effects of deforestation
and also the Philippine government and
organizations responsible for deforestation in
the Philippines like the Food and Agricultural
Organization’s Forestry Resources Assessment
(FAO-FRA) and also all of the concerning
Filipino citizens.
 DATA ANALYSIS

 The data gathered from the internet were

classified, tabulated and encoded to
determine the causes and effects of
deforestation in the Philippine forestry,
biodiversity, environmental condition,
economy and human life from the past unto
the present.
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
 PRIMARY LOSS AND TREE
COVER LOSS:PHILIPPINES
Year Primary forest Tree cover (30%)
2001 35,304
2002 3,495 32,432
2003 4,270 35,263
2004 7,078 48,741
2005 6,333 48,741
2006 7,144 57,629
2007 8,753 66,705
2008 5,656 38,816
2009 6,946 61,125
2010 8,861 103,061
2011 4,919 33,370
2012 6,889 59,818
2013 10,835 59,088
2014 11,476 102,859
2015 6,477 66,092
2016 13,387 129,572
2017 13,610 114,712
2018 9,221 70,764
Primary forest loss and tree cover loss: Philippines
Annual loss of primary forest cover and tree cover for
Philippines by year. All area figures are in hectares (ha)
Animal / plant group Species count
Birds 593
Amphibians 114
Reptiles 350
Fishes 3339
Mammals 190
Vascular plants 8931
Biodiversity data: Philippines
Species count by taxa for Philippines. For
consistency, all data for a given group comes
from a single source.
Taxa Species count
Threatened mammals (2018) 38
Threatened birds (2018) 93
Threatened fishes (2018) 91
Threatened higher plants
254
(2018)

Data on threatened species in Philippines as of 2017, according to

the World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) maintained by the
United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring
Centre (UNEP-WCMC).
up to the present years
 OTHER CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION

Sustained threats
There is a dearth of accessible data on the state of our forests. Estimates
using available data, however, show that until now, commercial logging is still
the leading cause of deforestation compared with illegal logging, kaingin and
diseases.
Mining also threatens our forests. Through the Mining Act of 1995, mining
companies are given timber rights, which allow them to cut trees inside their
concessions. As of March 2011, more than 1 million ha were covered by
mining permits and applications.(G)
Overall the main causes for deforestation include wood and paper products,
mining and oil exploitation, urbanization, acid rain and wildfires. Other
reasons include supplying wood timber for wood and paper products and clear
land for crops, cattle and housing.
 EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION

Destruction of
Renewable
Resources
• Human-Wildlife
Conflict
Deforestation
effects in the
Environment
HEALTH; INCREASE OF
TROPICAL DISEASES
The Social Effects

The Economics
Effects
Deforestation has become a huge concern in today's life as there has
been a rise in the decline of forests. Trees are cut down in order to
manufacture paper products as well as for livestock farming and so
on.
In order to feed the ever increasing population of the Philippines,
trees and forests are converted to farm lands. This has
become a threat not only on a certain country but also to the world
and it has been seen that rates of decline in the forests are
increasing at a rapid rate. This has led the planet to warm up and
leading to high temperatures. This cycle would continue for the
following years to come unless necessary steps are taken to prevent
deforestation. Deforestation has caused fewer trees to grow. It has
also gone a long way in eliminating valuable ecosystems in the
country. Deforestation effects lead to air and water pollution, a loss
of biodiversity, erosion, and climatic disruption, economic and health
crisis and exploitation of countries non-renewable resources.
In order to prevent deforestation researchers recommend that
government should take their part. Beyond the rule of law, we need a
country and world leaders to embrace ambitious domestic and
international forest conservation policies based on the latest
science, allowing us to live in a world that avoids severe climate
disruption.
Everyone should become an advocate of reforestation and spread
the word. Raising awareness by educating friends, family, relatives,
schoolmates, teachers, officemates, etc. with the use social media
as a medium so it can reach everyone and they will see how things
really are. Also, the power of Market Place; If corporations have the
power to destroy the world’s forests, they also have the ability to help
save them.
Companies can make an impact by introducing and
implementing “zero deforestation” policies that clean up
their supply chains. That means holding their suppliers
accountable for producing commodities like timber,
beef, soy, palm oil and paper in a way that does not fuel
deforestation and has a minimal impact on our climate.
Companies not only must make these policies but they
must follow through on these promises, maximize the
use of their sphere of influence, and collaborate with
other like-minded institutions in their sectors,
demanding suppliers transform the way our economy
works so that nature is protected and human rights are
respected. Lastly,as an individual or part of the global
community, everyone can at-least plant a tree to combat
deforestation.
ABSTRACT